The 40th Anniversary of Reform and Opening-up of the Mechanical Industry Development Essay: The Development and Achievements of the 40 Years of Reform and Opening up of the Chinese Cultural Office Equ

Development and Achievements of the 40 Years of Reform and Opening up of Chinese Cultural Office Equipment Manufacturing Industry According to the National Bureau of Statistics of the National Economic Industry Classification (GB/T4754-2017), culture and office machinery manufacturing are divided into six categories: film machinery manufacturing, slide and projection equipment manufacturing, camera and equipment manufacturing, copying and offset printing equipment manufacturing. , calculators and currency-specific equipment manufacturing and other culture, office machinery manufacturing. In the cultural office equipment manufacturing industry since the reform and opening up 40 years ago, with the globalization of the economy and the information age, the requirements of automation, digitalization, and networking of cultural office equipment, through the implementation of investment promotion, expand foreign cooperation; adjust the industrial direction, enterprise integration and restructuring Product structure adjustment; Strengthening technology integration, improving technological progress and management level; Continuously opening up the economy and expanding exports; Supporting interdisciplinary and cross-industry development strategies, etc. Currently developing into a relatively complete professional, large-scale, mainly foreign-funded enterprises, ethnic The multi-economic types of enterprise innovation and development coexist, and the export-oriented high-tech industry mainly focuses on processing trade. China has become the world's digital camera, digital copier, digital MFP, printer, shredder, etc. and various consumables, zero. The development, production and export of components is one of the important production bases of the world's imaging and office equipment products. It is a cultural office equipment manufacturing industry with Chinese characteristics. First, the main economic indicators have been greatly improved, and the scale of the industry has continued to grow. Compared with 1978 in 2017: The number of enterprises in the whole industry increased from 65 to 488 (above the scale); the total industrial output value increased from 209 million yuan to 163.697 billion yuan, an increase of 783 times, and the total profit increased from 0.37 billion yuan to 8.669 billion yuan, an increase of 234 times. The number of cameras increased from 179,100 to 2,308,800, an increase of 128.8 times; the number of digital cameras increased from 4.1 million in 2000 to 91.28 million in 2010, an increase of more than 40 times, and the output is among the highest in the world. The number of copiers increased from 470 to 825.41. Ten thousand units, more than 10,000 times more; slide projectors and projection equipment increased from 3 million to 336,000 units, an increase of 112 times. China's cultural office equipment manufacturing is integrated into the world, 60% of global digital camera production, 55% of annual output of photocopying equipment, 30% of annual output of inkjet cartridges, 12% of annual production of photoconductor drums, and 12% of annual production of toner cartridges. , all made in China. Comparison of main economic data of the paper industry from 1978 to 2017 Comparison of output of major products of the documentary industry from 1978 to 2017 Comparison of main economic indicators of the documentary industry from 1978 to 2017 Specifically, the camera and copier industry began to adopt the combination of technology and trade, license trade, introduction of foreign advanced production technology, large-component assembly (UKD), and parts assembly (SKD) production at the beginning of the 1980s. Introducing technology to absorb and localize. Most enterprises have chosen to develop joint ventures with overseas manufacturers, OEM, and processing. The number of foreign-funded enterprises has gradually increased in China, and the scale of the industry has grown rapidly. The products of the whole industry have been upgraded and the technical level has been steadily improved. China's camera industry reached its peak in the late 1980s. The output of major products has been among the highest in the world. Comrade Jiang Zemin visited Tianjia Copy Company booth and inscription Central Tianjia Company Toner Production Line

In the late 1990s, Tianjin Copy, Qihan Guang and other copying equipment companies carried out professional cooperation with military enterprises, universities and research institutes in the localization of localization, and achieved the localization of photosensitive drums and toners. For example, Tianjin Zhonghuan Tianjia Company Since the introduction of a Japanese Canon production line in the 1980s, it has now developed into a professional toner production enterprise with four modern toner production lines and an annual production capacity of 3,000 tons. Tianjia brand toner has high quality and environmental protection in Southeast Asia. Famousness; 45 patents have been granted, including 10 inventions. The main drafting of a series of national standards and industry standards for toner products and developing components.

Haohanguang Office Automation Consumables Co., Ltd. has 11 toner production lines with an annual output of over 10,000 tons. The annual output of photosensitive drums exceeds 40 million, ranking the top in the world.

At the time, he was appointed member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, and Xi Jinping, secretary of the Central Secretariat, inspected Hanguang consumable products.

Second, new technologies are widely used to achieve automation, digitalization, networking

With the wide application of digital technology, automation, digitalization, networking, cross-border development, wireless connectivity of office equipment and mobile terminals, cloud storage, etc. under the trend of big data development. A large number of industries have developed rapidly, covering many Chinese brands in the field. For example, Shenyang Zhongyi in the camera industry, Chang Geng Optics, Shenzhen Yongnuo is working on optical lenses such as cameras, and Xiaoer Technology has independently developed a series of new products including sports cameras and micro-cameras. To the demonstration. Shenzhen Shunfeng Chuangshi Network Technology Co., Ltd. Insta360 launched 4K-capable Nano S panoramic camera for iPhone; toner, screen, financial equipment gained new development, such as Hubei Dinglong in color toner, magnetic carrier and other rewards Anhui Film Star 100 meters giant screen is completed, Huilang Technology Bank financial equipment and other enterprises are making outstanding contributions to the technological progress of the industry. Cultural office industry has been working hard for the development of the industry for nearly 40 years as the country continues to grow. And achieved remarkable results.

Domestic cultural office equipment products continue to apply high technology, digital cameras gradually achieve high pixel, ultra-thin, watermark, anti-shake, face recognition, scene recognition, automatic shadow recognition, double cross AF, ultrasonic dust removal, multimedia functions.

Domestic organic photoconductors (OPC drums) have been able to meet the requirements of 2400dpi color laser printing. In line with DCI standards, Chinese patented mid-range digital film projection equipment and self-developed rural mobile digital cinema projection system have been produced in batches.

In recent years, domestic images have become more diversified and cross-border development, such as Shenzhen Dajiang Innovation Technology Co., Ltd. in avionics, automatic control equipment, unmanned aerial vehicles, radio data transmission systems, electronic components, military, civil aviation. DJI Dajiang Innovation is committed to becoming a global pioneer in flight imaging systems. Since its establishment in 2006, its customers have spread to more than 100 countries and regions around the world. DJI Innovation also cooperates with Nikon in the field of aerial equipment. Development.

Shanghai Seagull Digital Camera Co., Ltd. Phoenix Nirvana, reborn in the fire, from 2011 on the integration, inheritance, absorption of nearly 60 years of history of the Shanghai Camera Factory's brand, research and development, manufacturing and other quality resources, committed to It has become a high-tech enterprise in the development, manufacture and sale of new 3D imaging products. It has accumulated a lot of research and development. Seagull has established the Shanghai Research Institute and the Shenzhen R&D Center. It has gathered many professionals with many years of development experience including many doctors and masters. Covering the fields of machinery, optics, electronic hardware, software systems, image technology development, etc., it has developed a powerful domestic digital camera and intelligent image research and development capabilities. Currently, Seagull has obtained national patents and independent intellectual property software for more than 50 projects. Copyright, etc. In addition, according to user needs to provide personalized customized imaging product solutions. Independently developed camera control system and SDK software package combined with customer analysis system constitutes the industry's image analysis innovation products.

Third, facing the domestic and international markets, exports account for the dominant position in the industry

In 2017, compared with 1978, the total volume of import and export trade increased from US$19 million to US$48.061 billion, an increase of 2529 times; of which imports increased from US$12 million to US$20.11 billion, an increase of 1111 times; and exports amounted to US$0.01 billion. Increased to 28.049 billion US dollars, an increase of 28,049 times.

Continuously improve the structure of export products. The export products are mainly developed from traditional analog products to digital intelligent products. In 2017, the total export value of camera products reached US$24.034 billion, of which US$13.951 billion was imported and US$10.083 billion was exported. A total of 3.93 billion US dollars, imports 1.382 billion US dollars, exports 2.528 billion US dollars, accounting for 65% of camera exports; copiers and offset printing equipment completed import and export total of 19.289 billion US dollars, of which imports 5.259 billion US dollars, exports 14.03 billion US dollars, exports earned 14.03 billion US dollar, of which, the total import and export volume of electrostatic sensitive MFPs is US$67.4, of which US$804 million is imported and US$5.937 billion is exported.

Fourth, the three-funded enterprises as the main body National industry in the development of competition

In 1978, there were 65 enterprises in China's cultural office equipment manufacturing industry, including 61 Chinese enterprises and 4 collective enterprises. With the reform and opening up, the external investment has been continuously deepened, and the economic types of enterprises have been continuously adjusted. By 2015, the number of enterprises in the whole industry has grown to 439, different ownership enterprises have changed greatly. There are 25 state-owned and state-controlled enterprises in China, 162 private enterprises and 252 foreign-funded enterprises. The number of foreign-funded enterprises accounts for 57.4% of the whole industry, and the total industrial output value is 93.54%. The value is 97.68%, and the total profit is 87.22%. The three-funded enterprises have become the leading force in the industry.

Table 7 Proportion of major data of different nature enterprises in the industry in 2015

index Nature of business	Number of enterprises	Industrial output	Industrial sales value	Export delivery value	New product output value	The total profit
State-owned and holding	5.7%	1.35%	1.3%	0.53%	8.79%	9.1%
Private Enterprise	36.9%	5.11%	5%	1.79%	12.55%	3.68%
Foreign-funded enterprises	57.4%	93.54%	93.7%	97.68%	78.66%	87.22%

The national industry seeks development in competition, such as Hangzhou Chaoyi Digital Photography Technology Co., Ltd. Since 1999, it has developed three generations of digital machine backs, filling the gaps in the production of professional digital cameras in China. For example, Ningbo Rongdachang digital quick printing Machines, Zhuhai Mingtu laser printers, Commit's shredders, etc. have developed well in the industry. China's ink cartridge production ranks among the best in the world. At present, there are more than 150 domestic ink cartridges and more than 50 toner production lines. The annual production capacity is nearly 40,000 tons, and hundreds of brands have entered the market.

In addition, binding machines, punchers, paper feeders, pagers, automatic document feeders, etc., also have strong production capacity.

The production of cultural office equipment manufacturing industry has a high degree of concentration. In 2007, the top 20 enterprises in the sales of 439 enterprises in the whole industry accounted for 70.5% of the total sales value; the export delivery value accounted for 74.8% of the whole industry; It accounts for 80.8% of the whole industry. The top 20 companies in digital cameras account for 95.5% of the industry; the top 10 companies in copying equipment account for 95% of the industry.

Production area concentration is high. Production enterprises are mainly concentrated in the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.

In the 40 years of reform and opening up, it has changed the face of the cultural office equipment manufacturing industry, from small to large, from weak to strong. With the further development of localization of local enterprises, we will continue to strengthen independent research and development capacity building in the future, and form many independent brand products to accelerate Industrialization; While continuing to expand opening up to the outside world, we will adopt complementary strategies, strong alliances, and key breakthroughs to make the Chinese cultural office equipment industry bigger and stronger, and make positive contributions to the development of various industries in the national economy.

China Culture Office Equipment Industry Association

2018. 8. 14