Lithium-ion batteries have the following advantages:
1) The voltage is high, the working voltage of the single battery is as high as 3.6-3.9V, which is 3 times that of Ni-Cd and Ni-H batteries. 2) The specific energy is large, and the actual specific energy that can be achieved is 100-125Wh/kg and 240. -300Wh/L voltage is high, the operating voltage of the single cell is as high as 3.6-3.9V, which is 3 times that of Ni-Cd and Ni-H battery. 2) The specific energy is large, and the actual specific energy that can be achieved is 100-125Wh/kg. And 240-300Wh/L (2 times Ni-Cd, 1.5 times Ni-MH), the future energy can be as high as 150Wh/kg and 400Wh/L with the development of technology.
2) The cycle life is long, generally can reach more than 500 times, or even more than 1000 times. For small current discharge electrical appliances, the service life of the battery will double the competitiveness of the electrical appliance.
3) Good safety performance, no pollution, no memory effect. As a lithium battery of Li-ion's predecessor, it is easy to form a dendrite short circuit due to metal lithium, which reduces its application fields: Li-ion does not contain cadmium, lead, mercury, etc. Elements that are polluting to the environment: One of the major drawbacks of Ni-Cd batteries in some processes (such as sintered) is the 'memory effect', which severely binds the battery, but Li-ion does not have this problem at all.
4) Self-discharge is small, the self-discharge rate of Li-ion fully charged at room temperature after storage for 1 month is about 10%, which is much lower than 25-30% of Ni-Cd, 30-35% of Ni and MH.
5) It can be charged and discharged quickly. The 1C charging capacity can reach more than 80% of the nominal capacity.
6) The working temperature range is high, the working temperature is -25~45°C. With the improvement of electrolyte and positive electrode, it is expected to be widened to -40~70°C.
Lithium-ion batteries also have certain disadvantages
1) The battery cost is high. The main performance is that the price of the positive electrode material LiCoO2 is high (Co has less resources), and the electrolyte system is difficult to purify.
2) It is not possible to discharge large currents. Due to the organic electrolyte system and other reasons, the internal resistance of the battery is larger than that of other types of batteries. Therefore, a small discharge current density is required, and the general discharge current is below 0.5C, which is only suitable for small and medium-sized electrical appliances.
3) Need to protect the line control.
A, overcharge protection: Overcharging of the battery will destroy the positive structure and affect the performance and life; at the same time, overcharge will cause the electrolyte to decompose, the internal pressure is too high and cause leakage, etc.; therefore, it must be under constant pressure of 4.1V-4.2V. Charging
B, Over-discharge protection: Over-discharge will lead to difficulty in recovery of active substances, so it is also necessary to have protective line control.
4) Rechargeable battery definition
Rechargeable batteries are also called: batteries, secondary batteries, batteries that can be used repeatedly. Common ones are: lead-acid batteries (used in cars, commonly known as 'batteries'), nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, lithium-ion batteries.
5) rated capacity of the battery
The rated capacity of the battery refers to the amount of electricity discharged when the battery is discharged to the cut-off voltage under certain discharge conditions. The IEC standard stipulates that nickel-cadmium and nickel-hydrogen batteries should be discharged at 0.1C after being charged at 0.1C for 16 hours at 20±5°C. The power discharged at 1.0V is the rated capacity of the battery. The unit is Ah, mAh (1Ah=1000mAh).
