From August 18th to 22nd, the ninth Arctic expedition team organized by the Ministry of Natural Resources completed the highlight of the expedition and successfully deployed an unmanned ice station system in the Arctic Ocean. The ice station, known as the 'Arctic Sea-ice-air unmanned ice station observing system', is a research and development project of the '13th Five-Year National Key R&D Program's special project 'Polar Environmental Observation/Detection Technology and Equipment R&D'.
Studying Arctic sea ice changes and sea-ice-gas interaction mechanisms requires multi-parameter long-term basic environmental data at the sea-ice-gas interface, but currently, countries use icebreakers to explore the Arctic, mainly in the limited time window of summer, leading to There is a lack of understanding of key processes such as sea ice melting in spring and freezing in autumn. The unmanned ice station is designed to solve this problem. Especially when the scientific research ship is not in the Arctic scientific research, the observation of the unmanned ice station is very effective. supplement.
Long-term continuous data from the Arctic ice zone can be obtained through unmanned ice stations. These data will be applied to Arctic environment and climate change mechanisms and numerical simulation studies, which will improve the monitoring of Arctic environment and climate change, and improve the Arctic sea ice. Fast-changing prediction accuracy.
As early as the beginning of the last century, Chinese researchers tried to collect data by means of sea ice buoys. Since 2008, the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences and other units have begun to deploy automatic observation equipment such as meteorological observations at the Arctic Ice Station. It is not easy to work on the ice. In the face of snow, cold winds, ice cracks, ice pools and even the threat of polar bears, installation work is not easy. In addition, the Arctic weather is changeable, sometimes heavy snow, sometimes dense fog, sometimes windy, laying out Adding a lot of difficulty.
At the same time, since the Arctic sea ice has been melting in summer, the automatic observation equipment often needs to choose a relatively complete sea ice with a certain thickness. Even so, there is still a greater risk of unmanned observation equipment in the Arctic. Automatic observation equipment placed on ice generally survives from six months to one year.
In the face of difficulties, the expedition team selected sea ice in different areas to carry out two deployment work. At around 9:00 on the 19th, the first on-site deployment work was successfully completed. On the 21st, the players once again deployed the unmanned ice station, only It took about 7 hours to complete. On the 22nd, with the re-confirmation of the observation data, China's first unmanned ice station deployment work was successfully completed, and the Chinese Arctic Ice Station observation opened a new page.
According to reports, the A-type prototype of this unmanned ice station is a marine motion profile subsystem, focusing on observing the seasonal changes of the upper ocean and its impact on sea ice. The B-type prototype includes the atmospheric boundary layer observation subsystem, the sea ice observation subsystem. The system and the upper ocean subsystem focus on observing the effects of weather processes on sea ice and the upper ocean. In addition, this unmanned ice station also contains a number of core technologies developed independently, such as long-term observation techniques for internal light radiation in sea ice. Ice surface wind speed observation antifreeze technology and long-term observation technology of under-slipping profile.
After the site deployment work, the country has received real-time observation data from the Arctic site through the comet. The deployment of the unmanned ice station system is expected to achieve multiple environmental parameters for the Arctic Ocean, sea ice, and atmospheric interfaces. Unattended observation. By collecting multi-parameter long-term basic environmental data at the sea-ice-gas interface, an in-depth study of the interaction between Arctic sea ice and sea-ice-gas interaction can be achieved.
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