Half of the existing 20.25 billion mu of cultivated land in China is 'Wangtiantian' without irrigation conditions. Xinhua News Agency
'In China's existing 2.25 billion mu of cultivated land, there are 1.073 billion mu of 'Wangtiantian' without irrigation. The urinary cultivated land of 552 million mu has been built, and the effective utilization coefficient of farmland irrigation water is only 53.6%, far lower than the world advanced. 80% of the level. ' On the 16th, at the 10th Academic Symposium of the Agricultural Engineering Society of China Agricultural Engineering Society held at Jiangsu University, experts pointed out that as a water-deficient country, China lacks water-saving irrigation and lacks talents. It is still ubiquitous, low-end irrigation and drainage products occupy the mainstream of the market, and the energy efficiency assessment system is still not perfect.
China is a large country with a large population and a large agricultural country. Under the rigid constraints of food demand and land and water resources, China has created a miracle of 6% of the world's renewable water resources and 9% of cultivated land to feed the world's 22% of the population. Food production from 1949 The annual increase of 113 million tons to 616 million tons in 2016.
Zhang Jianyun, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and dean of the Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, said that according to the statistics of the Ministry of Water Resources, the total annual water consumption in the country in 2017 was 604.3 billion cubic meters, of which about 60% of the annual agricultural water consumption. Carrying capacity, Haihe River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, northwest Zhuhe District and Liaohe River Basin have a development rate of 115%, 106%, 73%, 90% and 98% respectively. Water resources in most areas and rivers have been exploited to the maximum extent. Exceeding the carrying capacity of water resources, bringing a series of ecological and environmental problems.
Experts attending the conference believe that there is no need to vigorously promote water-saving irrigation technology equipment in China, instead of the traditional flood irrigation operation mode. 'For Jiangsu, one hundred acres of land is not water-saving, and now it is four or five hundred. Fang. 'Chinese Academy of Engineering academician Wang Hao said.
In recent years, all parts of the country have adapted to local conditions, vigorously develop high-efficiency water-saving irrigation based on spraying and drip irrigation, actively promote water-saving in Northeast China, increase water efficiency in northwest, water-saving in North China, and reduce water in the south. Large-scale and efficient water-saving irrigation. By the end of 2017, the country's newly-added high-efficiency water-saving irrigation area was over 100 million mu, and the effective utilization coefficient of farmland irrigation water was 0.542, but it is still far from the developed countries.
Yuan Shouqi, secretary of the Party Committee of Jiangsu University, said that China's per capita water consumption is about 1/4 of the world's, ranking 109th in the world. The development of irrigation and drainage machinery is a strategic choice to ensure national food security.
However, at present, China's irrigation and drainage machinery industry faces many problems. At present, China's drainage and irrigation machinery industry has low barriers to entry, many small and micro enterprises, many low-end products, and weak enterprise innovation capabilities. High-end products are monopolized by foreign countries, intellectual property protection and technical barriers. 4. It has formed severe competitive pressure on domestic irrigation and drainage machinery technology and products.
Compared with the reasonable energy efficiency assessment system established by developed countries, the energy efficiency assessment system of China's irrigation and drainage machinery system is still not perfect, and the key technology of system control needs to be improved. Conventional products are in the low-end vicious competition for a long time, and the industry urgently needs to implement international standards and make higher National or industry standards required to regulate industry development.
At the same time, the high-end top-notch talents in the irrigation and drainage industry are relatively small, especially the lack or loss of young talents. There are relatively few colleges and universities specializing in irrigation and drainage machinery, and the trained professionals cannot meet the needs of the industry.
Yuan Shouqi told reporters that the development of efficient, water-saving and green design technologies and products has become an inevitable trend in the development of irrigation and drainage machinery technology. It is the main direction of product design and manufacturing, such as the US spray micro-irrigation area accounting for 54.4%, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Germany, France and other countries have reached more than 80%. Israel's irrigated area is all sprayed with micro-irrigation, and the water utilization rate is up to 95%. He suggested that the transformation and upgrading of China's irrigation and drainage equipment industry should be promoted, and joint research by scientific research institutions and equipment manufacturing enterprises should be strengthened. Further improve the localization level of bulk irrigation and drainage machinery, and develop high-end irrigation and drainage equipment manufacturing. In the technical research, establish the priority development direction, such as developing accurate visual measurement technology for internal flow field of irrigation and drainage equipment, and establishing low-energy precision irrigation technology for intensive farmland. Establish an intelligent sprinkler irrigation system optimization model.