China Ocean 49 voyage scientific research | The first micro-plastic survey of the Indian Ocean

On the morning of August 12, the 'Xiangyanghong 10' scientific research ship carrying the Chinese Ocean 49 voyage expedition team has docked at Zhoushan Wharf, Zhejiang. The voyage test has been taking place for 250 days since its departure from Zhoushan on December 6, 2017. In 29821 nautical miles, five major achievements were made in the exploration of sulfide deposits in the contract area of ​​the Southwest Indian Ocean, the slow-expansion of the Karlsberg ridge tectonic evolution and hydrothermal system survey, and the Indian Ocean micro-plastic pollution survey.

The China Ocean 49 voyage examination was organized and implemented by the Second Ocean Research Institute of the Ministry of Natural Resources. The voyage was carried out in five segments. The main operation area is in the Indian Ocean. The implementation of the 'Qianlong Detecting Sea' project is the core, with task integration. The resources and environment are equally important, the survey methods are highly refined and aimed at international marine hotspots, and the following results have been achieved:

New progress has been made in the exploration of sulfides in the contract area of ​​the Southwest Indian Ocean. A total of 3 mineralized areas, 2 mineralized anomalies and 9 anomalous areas were discovered in this voyage; the control mechanism of polymetallic sulphide distribution in the contract area was deepened, and the metallogenic regularity The understanding of resource evaluation further reveals the prospect of ultra-slow expansion of sulphide mineral deposits.

A new understanding of the slow-expansion Karlsberg ridge tectonic evolution and hydrothermal system investigation. A new high-temperature vent group was discovered in the Tianxiu hydrothermal area, which expanded the distribution of hydrothermal activity and obtained the hydrothermal system control. New evidence for the structure and petrology of the detachment fault; the newly discovered three hydrothermal systems have increased the number of hydrothermal systems discovered in the region to nine, of which the Baostee hydrothermal zone is currently confirmed from the central rift. The furthest (20 km) hydrothermal system, which provides the possibility to create a new mode of slow-expanding oceanic ridge structure control.

'Qianlong No. 2' independent submersible refreshing record. 'Qianlong No. 2' carried out 9 submersible applications, 257 hours of underwater work, total flight 654 km. Discovered new hydrothermal fluid in Yuhuang and Xilongjing District Abnormal zone; in the fourteenth block, hydrothermal anomalies were detected in Baidi and Donglongjing areas; the acquired near-bottom magnetic data provided the data basis for the hydrothermal zone structure study.

For the first time, the micro-plastic survey of the Indian Ocean was carried out to provide basic data and samples for assessing the micro-plastic pollution in the Indian Ocean international seas; the first survey of the Indian Ocean's anoxic and ocean acidification was carried out, which initially indicated that the waters in the surveyed sea area were in an oxidized state.

Carry out a 90-degree ridge, sea-air flux and deep-structure survey of the mid-ocean ridge. Recover the deep-sea submarine in the 90-degree ridge. The sub-marker works continuously for 11 months. The data obtained can understand the characteristics and changes of the marine dynamic environment. The deep and bottom ocean current observation gaps in the sea area. The first time the meteorological and wave buoys were placed in the Indian Ocean, which has been working for 6 months. Revealing the daily and inter-monthly variation of meteorological and hydrological integrated elements in the observation area and the characteristics of latent heat flux and sensible heat flux , to add new observations to improve the environmental security of the deep ocean.

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