The implementation of the 2017 National Economic and Social Development Plan released by the National Development and Reform Commission recently showed that the economic operation is stable and progressing, stable and good, better than expected, and the main objectives and tasks of economic and social development throughout the year are better. Among the binding indicators, there is a gap between the completion of the three indicators and the annual target. The ratio of non-fossil energy to primary energy consumption, the ratio of days of air quality at the prefecture level and above, and the ratio of surface water to or better than the proportion of Class III water bodies. These three indicators are concentrated in the field of ecological environmental protection.
Completion of binding indicators is an important responsibility that the government must fulfill. According to the requirements of the '13th Five-Year Plan, the above three indicators should be increased by 3 percentage points, 3.3 percentage points or more and 4 percentage points or more respectively during the '13th Five-Year Plan period. 15%, 80% or more and 70% or more. '13th Five-Year' increased by 1.7, 1.3 and 1.9 percentage points respectively in the previous two years, and the pace was slightly slower.
These three indicators are closely related to the construction of beautiful China. The latter two indicators are closely related to the public experience. Why is the completion situation not satisfactory, how to improve next? The reporter interviewed relevant experts.
Promote the renewable energy quota system
Be fair, scientific, effectively allocate quota indicators, strengthen supervision, and evaluate
In 2017, non-fossil energy accounted for 13.7% of primary energy consumption, which was 0.6 percentage points lower than the annual target. Primary energy, also called natural energy, is obtained from nature and directly utilized energy, such as raw coal, crude oil, water energy, Solar energy, etc. Non-fossil energy sources include hydropower, wind power, solar energy and other renewable energy sources and nuclear power. It is an important clean energy source. Increasing the proportion of non-fossil energy in primary energy consumption can effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions and protect the ecological environment.
'At present, China's energy consumption structure is still dominated by coal, accounting for 60.4%. ' Lin Boqiang, dean of China Energy Policy Research Institute of Xiamen University, said that energy consumption restructuring is a long-term process, and the adjustment speed depends on the growth rate of energy demand. Lower energy demand growth will benefit energy structure adjustment.
Lin Boqiang explained that when energy demand growth is fast, due to resource endowment and the urgency of meeting energy demand, only a large amount of coal can be used. In 2017, driven by industrial recovery, China's energy demand has picked up, and thermal power generation has increased substantially. In this context, it is relatively difficult to adjust the energy consumption structure.
How to further increase the proportion of non-fossil energy? Lin Boqiang suggested that efforts should be made to develop clean energy and promote renewable energy quotas and other measures as soon as possible.
The National Energy Administration recently announced the "Renewable Energy Power Quota and Assessment Measures (Draft for Comment)", and proposed renewable energy quotas for various provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) in 2018 and 2020. Renewable energy power quotas refer to National Renewable Energy Development Goals and Energy Development Plan, the minimum renewable energy power consumption index for all social power consumption in provincial administrative regions. The industry agrees that this is an important measure to promote the increase in the proportion of renewable energy.
'The renewable energy quota system must be successful. First, the allocation of quota indicators is as fair, scientific, and effective as possible. It cannot be across the board. Second, it is necessary to strengthen supervision during the implementation process. Third, there must be acceptance and evaluation every year. ' Lin Boqiang said, to ensure The implementation of the quota system as soon as possible will effectively solve the problem of abandoning wind and light, and promote the goal of non-fossil energy accounting for 15% of primary energy consumption by 2020.
Improving the air quality requires a national chess game
All cities must take strong measures according to their own conditions and according to their own conditions.
According to the monitoring data, the average number of excellent days in 338 prefecture-level cities and above in China was 78.0% in 2017, down 0.8 percentage points year-on-year, which was 1 percentage point lower than the annual target. Good days, sometimes called the standard days, is the air quality index. (AQI) The sum of the days not greater than 100.
Peng Yingdeng, a researcher at the National Urban Environmental Pollution Control Technology Research Center, analyzed that in the past, environmental quality monitoring was under the responsibility of local authorities, and there was a certain amount of moisture in the monitoring data. At the end of 2016, after the national environmental air quality monitoring points were all collected, the water was squeezed out and monitored in 2017. The quality of the data is guaranteed. The goal set on the basis of past data is somewhat high, which is an important reason why the ratio of good days fails to achieve the goal.
'From the second half of 2016, China's industrial production and market demand has gradually recovered, pollutant emissions have risen, and meteorological conditions in the first quarter have been very unfavorable, raising the concentration of pollutants. ' Peng Yingdeng said that in addition, summer ozone pollution has risen and dragged. The air quality improved the hind legs.
In 2017, the average number of excellent days in China's three key regions decreased year-on-year. Only the average number of days in the nine cities in the Pearl River Delta region was 80%, reaching 84.5%, but down 5.0 percentage points year-on-year; 25 cities in the Yangtze River Delta region It was 74.8%, down 1.3 percentage points year-on-year; the 13 cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region were only 56.0%, down 0.8 percentage points year-on-year.
'At present, China's urban air quality is 'Olive-shaped', air quality is poor and relatively good at both ends, are a few. 'Peng Yingdeng said, to improve the average ratio of good days, improve air quality, the country is a game of chess, on the one hand, air quality Better cities maintain a good posture, can not decline, and continue to progress; on the other hand, cities with poor air quality should step up their pace and improve compliance rates.
'Most of the cities in Beijing and Tianjin belong to the latter category. These cities further reduce their PM2.5 concentration, which is crucial for the realization of national targets.' Peng Yingdeng said that in the past few years, China’s air pollution key areas have been in Beijing and Tianjin. Surrounding areas, but some areas of other cities are lacking in governance.
'Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Plains of the Plains must fully implement the blue sky defense warfare measures.' Peng Yingdeng said that based on the air quality improvement goal, the responsibility should be refined to all levels of government, all cities must be based on National requirements, formulate a plan for compliance, one city and one policy, and take strong measures according to their own circumstances.
The excellent days comprehensively consider 6 major pollutants such as PM2.5, PM10, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, carbon monoxide, etc. 'Multiple pollutants should be controlled together, can't press the hoist to float the scoop, and take care of it.' Peng Yingdeng said, In the next two years or so, it is not difficult to achieve the goal of 80% of the number of excellent days, but as long as you work hard and work hard for a long time, hope is great.
To control water pollution like air pollution
Taking drinking water source, urban black and odor water treatment as the starting point, ensuring that water quality improvement targets and tasks are completed on schedule
In 2017, the proportion of surface water reaching or better than Class III water was 67.9%, which was 0.4 percentage points lower than the annual target.
'There are two indicators for measuring the quality of surface water, which is better than or equal to the proportion of Class III water bodies, which is inferior to the proportion of Class V water bodies. ' Ma Jun, director of the Public Environmental Research Center, said that since April 2015, the 'Water 10' was implemented, China's water Pollution prevention and control achieved remarkable results. Compared with 2015, the proportion of surface water in or better than Class III water in 2017 increased by 1.9 percentage points, and the proportion of water inferior to Class V water decreased by 1.4 percentage points.
The reason why the improvement target in 2017 was not completed, Ma Jun believes that the reason is that it is more difficult to solve the problem of water pollution than air pollution control. On the one hand, the water pollution situation in China is still severe, and the discharge of water pollutants remains high. Obviously exceeds the environmental capacity; on the other hand, the causes of water pollution are complex, the treatment is difficult, and it is prone to repeated. In some places, the surface water quality has not improved, but has deteriorated, and the rebound has been obvious.
'Objectively speaking, similar to the air quality monitoring authority, the surface water monitoring has been carried out since October 2017, and the responsibilities have been gradually collected. This is also one of the factors that caused the improvement goal not to be completed. ' Ma Jun said.
How to further improve water quality and complete the '13th Five-Year Plan' goal? Ma Jun said that it is necessary to improve the quality of water environment, promote pollution reduction, reduce the total amount of pollutants, and improve the ecosystem restoration capacity, especially water ecology. System service function, enhance pollutant acceptance and purification capacity. It is necessary to continue to implement 'Water 10', stabilize existing I-III water quality, improve water quality of Class IV water, and continue to reduce inferior V water.
He suggested that the focus on water conservation, such as drinking water sources, urban black and odorous water bodies, and other social concerns, would force related pollution control and ecological protection work. It is necessary to hold industrial pollution 'bovine nose' to speed up industrial sewage treatment; accelerate agriculture Remediation of non-point source pollution, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers, regulating livestock and poultry farming and aquaculture; accelerating the construction of urban and rural sewage treatment facilities to ensure normal operation; protecting and repairing aquatic ecosystems, further protecting and repairing wetlands, and ensuring basic river ecological flow.
'To increase the weight of water quality improvement in the government's performance appraisal, and strengthen law enforcement inspectors, river basin coordination, science and technology support, etc.' Ma Jun said, to control the water like the atmosphere, implement various measures to ensure the surface water in 2020 The target task of achieving or better than 70% of the Class III water body is completed as scheduled. (People's Daily)
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The Ministry of Ecology and Environment holds the executive meeting of the Ministry
On April 12th, Minister of Eco-Environment, Li Ganjie, hosted the Standing Meeting of the Ministry of Eco-Environment in Beijing to convey the important instructions of General Secretary Xi Jinping on promoting the experience of Zhejiang 'Thousand Villages Demonstration, Wancun Renovation' project, and study and implement specific measures. The principle is passed the "Soil Environmental Quality Quality Control Policy for Soil Pollution Risk of Agricultural Land (Trial)" and "Control Standards for Soil Pollution Risk of Soil Environmental Quality Construction Land (Trial)".
The meeting stressed that the Ministry of Eco-environment and local environmental protection departments should conscientiously study and understand, and thoroughly implement the spirit of the important instructions of the incumbent General Secretary Jinping, in order to grasp the iron and trace, the strength of the stone, and persevere, and solidly promote the comprehensive improvement of the rural environment. The prevention and control of agricultural pollution sources will speed up the construction of beautiful villages, so that farmers will have more happiness and gain a sense of sensation. It is necessary to increase publicity and promote the good experience and good practices of beautiful rural construction in Zhejiang Province to other parts of the country.
The meeting called for the implementation of the action plan for the implementation of agricultural and rural pollution control, and the planning of other major landmark campaigns such as water source protection, so that they can work together and contribute to the improvement of the rural ecological environment. Solid support.
The meeting held that the introduction of two soil pollution risk control standards has effectively promoted the ecological environment protection at the present stage to improve the quality of the ecological environment as the core, while paying more attention to risk prevention and control, and further improving the level of refined management, is the ecological environment management. Significant progress in work. The implementation of the two standards will provide technical support for the implementation of agricultural land classification management and construction land access management. It is of great significance for the full implementation of 'Ten Articles' to ensure the safety of agricultural production and the safety of human settlements. Do a good job in the relevant guidelines and the corresponding standardization and revision work, do a good job in the detailed investigation of soil pollution status and the new standards, and further consolidate the foundation of soil pollution prevention and control work. Proactively do a good job of publicity and interpretation of new standards, timely Respond to social concerns and create a good public opinion atmosphere for the implementation of standards.
Vice Minister of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Qi Qing, Zhao Yingmin, Liu Hua, Wu Haiying, head of the Discipline Inspection Department of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, and Vice Minister Zhuang Guotai attended the meeting.
The departments responsible for the Ministry of Ecology and Environment are mainly responsible for attending the meeting.
