Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional development index has steadily increased
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Collaborative Development Statistics Monitoring Coordination Leading Group Office
August 2, 2018
In order to monitor the development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and serve the national strategy, the National Bureau of Statistics, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics and the China Regional Economic Association jointly carried out the research on the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional development index. After continuous research and revision, the company built an innovation-based Coordinated, green, open, shared new development concept of the regional development index evaluation index system, and measured the regional development index since 2010, monitoring and evaluation of regional development.
The calculation results show that the 2017 '1' Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional development index is 153.99, an average annual increase of 7.71 points compared with the 2010 '2'. Especially since 2014, the index has increased significantly, compared with 2017. In 2013, it increased by 36.29 points, with an average annual increase of 9.07 points, which was significantly faster than the period of 2010-2013. It reflects that the coordinated development strategy has played a positive role in regional development. Among them, the shared development index is the highest and the rising trend is the most obvious. The innovation development index showed a steady upward trend. The green development index increased significantly in the later period. The three sub-indices in 2017 reached 216.21, 153.56 and 143.22 respectively, which was the main force driving the rise of the general index; the open development index and the coordinated development index were respectively 138.54 and 118.43.
Figure 2010-2017 Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Regional Development Index
1. Regional innovation development results appear
The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional innovation and development index continued to rise steadily, reaching 153.56 in 2017. Compared with 2010, the average annual increase was 7.65 points. The good atmosphere of 'Volkswagen's entrepreneurial innovation and the policy of deepening the reform of the science and technology innovation system inspired ' 2. Double enthusiasm has played an important role in the development of innovation.
In terms of innovation investment, the intensity of regional R&D expenditure (R&D expenditure is equivalent to the proportion of regional GDP) increased from 2.72% in 2010 to 3.18% in 2017. The ratio of R&D expenditure intensity in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei is In 2010, 7.49:3.22:1 (Hebei was 1, the same below) changed to 4.52:1.96:1 in 2017, and the gap narrowed significantly. In terms of innovation output, the number of invention patents per 10,000 permanent residents in the region was from 2010. 4.7 items increased to 22.7 in 2017, an increase of 3.9 times. Among them, Beijing increased from 19.9 to 94.5, an increase of 3.8 times; Tianjin increased from 5.0 to 18.3, an increase of 2.6 times; Hebei increased from 0.4 to 2.9 The growth rate reached 5.6 times. In terms of innovation efficiency, the amount of patent grants generated by R&D expenditure per 100 million yuan in 2017 was 72.7, an increase of 60.7% over 2010; among them, Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei increased by 64.5% and 61.9% respectively. And 36.5%.
2. Regional coordination and development steadily
In 2017, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional coordinated development index was 118.43, an average annual increase of 2.63 points compared with 2010. Among them, urban-rural coordination, positive changes in the coordination of spiritual civilization and material civilization promoted regional coordinated development.
From the perspective of coordinated urban and rural development, the regional urbanization rate has increased from 55.7% in 2010 to 64.9% in 2017, higher than the national average; among them, Beijing and Tianjin are both above 80%, and in 2017 they were 86.5% and 82.9% respectively. Hebei increased from 44.5% in 2010 to 55%.
From the perspective of the coordinated development of spiritual civilization and material civilization, the region has increased investment in sports and entertainment, and the spiritual and cultural life of residents has become more abundant. The proportion of fixed assets investment in regional cultural and entertainment industry to regional GDP has increased from 0.6% in 2010 to 2017. At the same time, with the construction of infrastructure and the improvement of residents' living standards, the regional Internet penetration rate increased from 41% in 2010 to 60.2% in 2017. The proportion of regional residents' cultural and educational entertainment services accounted for household consumption expenditure was 2010. 9.8% of the year increased to 10% in 2017.
3. Positive changes in regional green development
The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional green development index fluctuated, reaching 143.22 in 2017. Compared with 2010, the average annual increase was 6.17 points; the average increase in 2013-2017 was 9.42 points, indicating that the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei coordinated development strategy entered After the implementation phase, the joint prevention and control of the ecological environment has achieved remarkable results, and the regional green development level has improved significantly.
In terms of energy conservation and emission reduction, regional energy consumption continued to decline. Compared with 2010, Beijing's 10,000 yuan GDP energy consumption has decreased by 31.5% (according to comparable prices, the same below), Tianjin decreased by 35.0%, and Hebei decreased by 34.5%. In terms of quality, the annual average concentration of PM2.5 in the region decreased from 106 μg/m3 in 2013 to 64 μg/m3 in 2017, a decrease of 39.6%. Among them, Beijing decreased from 89.5 μg/m3 to 58 μg/cubic. Tianjin; Tianjin dropped from 96 μg/m3 to 62 μg/m3; Hebei decreased from 108 μg/m3 to 65 μg/m3. In terms of green investment, the proportion of regional energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure to general public budget expenditure was 2010. 2.9% of the year rose to 5.5% in 2017, an increase of 2.6 percentage points. Among them, Beijing rose from 2.2% to 6.7%, an increase of 4.5 percentage points; Tianjin rose from 2.0% to 3.4%, an increase of 1.4 percentage points; 4.1% rose to 5.3%, an increase of 1.2 percentage points. In terms of ecological construction, the area of per capita urban public green space increased from 14.43 square meters per person in 2010 to 17 square meters per person. Among them, Beijing consists of 31.94 square meters per person. Increased to 37 square meters / person; Tianjin by 14.79 square meters / person increase To 21 square meters / person; Hebei from 9.59 square meters / person to 11 square meters / person.
4. Progress in regional open development
The opening up of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has been transformed from 'Dajindae' to 'going out' to 'going out', and all-round high-level openness has changed. Since 2012, the regional open development index has continued to rise, and the rate of increase has been large, reaching 172.24 in 2016. , an average of 19.41 points higher than the average in 2012. In 2017, due to the high base, the index fell back to 138.54.
In terms of utilizing foreign capital, the proportion of regional real GDP utilization in the region's GDP has increased from 3.3% in 2010 to 4.8% in 2017, an increase of 1.5 percentage points. In terms of foreign investment, the scale of regional capital 'going out' has expanded rapidly. A large number of enterprises actively cooperated with the 'One Belt, One Road' initiative to expand overseas investment. In 2016, the scale of national foreign investment expanded rapidly, and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region also experienced significant growth, totaling US$36.53 billion, a 1.3-fold increase from the previous year. 2017 In Beijing, the scale of Tianjin's foreign investment has been adjusted back to previous years, and Hebei continues to increase. In terms of trade opening, due to the slow recovery of the world economy and weak external demand, the regional import and export scale has continued to shrink since 2014, and it has rebounded in 2017, totaling 486.47 billion US dollars, an increase of 12.8% over the previous year. In terms of personnel exchanges, the number of domestic and foreign tourists has increased steadily, and the number of inbound tourists has fluctuated. In 2017, the number of domestic and foreign tourists received was 1.08 billion, compared with 2010. The growth rate was 1.5 times, and the number of inbound tourists increased by 19.1%.
5. Regional sharing development has achieved outstanding results
The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional shared development index showed a rapid upward trend. In 2017, it was 216.21. Compared with 2010, the average annual increase was 16.6 points. Among the five sub-indices, the highest level and the largest increase, the basic public service sharing, the education foundation. , poverty alleviation and other aspects have been significantly improved.
In terms of basic public service sharing, the average per capita general public service expenditure increased rapidly. In 2017, the average public budget expenditure, per capita education, social security, employment and medical and health expenditure totaled 2.3 times in 2010, and the per capita expenditure of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei The ratio has shrunk from 3.02:2.18:1 in 2010 to 2.64:1.81:1 in 2017. In terms of infrastructure sharing, regional highway mileage has steadily expanded, with a growth rate of over 40%. In terms of education, the regional population is educated. Steady improvement, the proportion of permanent residents aged 6 years and above in Beijing and above increased from 32.8% in 2010 to 37.3% in 2017, Tianjin increased from 18.2% to 26.7%, and Hebei increased from 7.9% to 10%. In terms of poverty alleviation, the region has made great breakthroughs in poverty alleviation. Among them, Beijing and Tianjin have all achieved poverty alleviation in 2013. The incidence of poverty in Hebei Province dropped from 15.8% in 2010 to 1.86% in 2017.
Note
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional development index and calculation method
On April 30, 2015, the “Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Collaborative Development Plan” was reviewed and approved by the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. This is to realize the complementary advantages of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, mutual benefit and win-win, regional integration, and build the third growth pole and world of China's economy. Important measures for the urban agglomerations. In order to monitor the development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and serve the national strategy, the National Bureau of Statistics, the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics and the China Regional Economic Association jointly launched the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Regional Development Index project in 2016. Under the active cooperation of the Hebei statistics department, after continuous research and revision, a regional development index evaluation index system based on innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing of five development concepts was constructed, and index calculations were carried out to conduct regional development. Monitoring and evaluation.
I. Construction of the evaluation index system of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional development index
The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional development index evaluation index system is built around five major development concepts: innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing, including five first-level indicators, 18 second-level indicators, and 48 third-level indicators.
| Evaluation Index System of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Regional Development Index | |||
| Primary indicator | Secondary indicators | Three-level indicator | Weights |
| Innovation and development | Innovation investment | Number of professional and technical personnel per 10,000 permanent residents | 2 |
| Research and experimental development (R&D) Proportion of regional GDP | 3 | ||
| Science and technology expenditures account for the proportion of general public budget expenditures | 2 | ||
| Innovation output | 10,000 possessions per 10,000 resident population | 2.5 | |
| The turnover of technology market accounts for the national proportion | 2.5 | ||
| High-tech industry new product sales revenue accounted for the proportion of new product sales revenue | 2 | ||
| Innovation efficiency | The amount of patent grants for R&D investment per 100 million yuan | 3 | |
| Labor productivity | 3 | ||
| Coordinated development | Regional coordination | Provincial (city) level per capita GDP gap | 3 |
| County (city, district) per capita GDP gap | 3 | ||
| Provincial (city) level per capita general public budget expenditure gap | 2.5 | ||
| Urban and rural coordination | Per capita disposable income gap between urban and rural residents | 3 | |
| Urbanization rate | 2.5 | ||
| Spiritual Civilization | Ratio of fixed assets investment to regional GDP in the sports and entertainment industry | 2 | |
| Residents' cultural and educational entertainment services accounted for the proportion of household consumption expenditure | 2 | ||
| Internet penetration rate | 2 | ||
| ECO development | Energy conservation | Unit GDP energy consumption | 2 |
| Unit industrial added value water consumption | 2 | ||
| Sulfur dioxide emissions per unit of GDP | 1 | ||
| air quality | The proportion of the number of days above the air quality level of the year | 1.5 | |
| PM 2.5Average concentration '4' | 2.5 | ||
| Green investment | Energy conservation and environmental protection expenditures account for the proportion of general public budget expenditures | 2 | |
| Environmental pollution control investment accounts for the proportion of regional GDP | 2 | ||
| OK | Per capita urban green area | 2 | |
| Wetland area accounts for the proportion of the area under the jurisdiction | 1 | ||
| Per capita water resources | 2 | ||
| Surface water inferior V class ratio | 2 | ||
| Open development | Use of foreign capital | Ratio of actual use of foreign capital to regional GDP | 3 |
| The number of newly registered foreign-funded enterprises accounts for the proportion of newly registered enterprises | 2 | ||
| Foreign investment | Ratio of foreign direct investment to regional GDP | 3 | |
| Ratio of turnover to foreign production of foreign contracted projects | 2 | ||
| Open trade | Ratio of total import and export of goods and services to regional GDP | 2 | |
| The export value of high-tech products accounts for the proportion of exports | 3 | ||
| Personnel exchanges | Ratio of labor dispatched to foreign labor cooperation and resident population | 2 | |
| The ratio of the number of inbound tourists to the number of domestic and foreign tourists | 3 | ||
| Shared development | Basic public Service sharing | Per capita general public service expenditure | 1.5 |
| Urban and rural basic pension insurance coverage | 1 | ||
| Number of health technicians per 1,000 permanent residents | 1 | ||
| Average public finance budget education funding | 1 | ||
| Ratio of employment guidance to registered job seekers | 0.5 | ||
| infrastructure shared | Infrastructure investment accounts for the proportion of fixed assets investment | 3 | |
| Highway mileage density | 1 | ||
| Railway mileage density | 1 | ||
| Educational foundation | Regional gap in undergraduate admission rates | 2 | |
| The number of junior college graduates or above who account for the resident population aged 6 and over | 2 | ||
| Ratio of primary and secondary school teachers to students in school | 1 | ||
| Fighting poverty | Minimum living allowances as a percentage of permanent residents | 2.5 | |
| Poverty incidence | 2.5 | ||
Second, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional development index calculation method
When using the indicator system to measure the index, the first is to use 2010 as the base period and set the index value to 100, and then through the time series change, observe the innovation, coordination, green, open and share the five sub-area index values and regional development comprehensive index values. The trend of change. The second is to calculate the five sub-indices of innovation development, coordinated development, green development, open development and shared development, and then synthesized into the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei regional development index.
Weight determination
First, the first-level indicators in the indicator system are in the form of equal weights, each level is 20 points.
The second is to give weights to the three-level indicators in the form of expert scoring. The research team invites 10 experts from regional development, foreign trade, environmental economy, public service and other related fields. Each expert independently weights the three-level indicators independently. The research team comprehensively analyzes and evaluates, and finally sets the weight of the three-level indicator.
2. Standardized processing
In order to ensure the additivity of each indicator layer, the index values are first standardized. The 2010 value of the indicator is used as the benchmark. According to the difference between the forward indicator and the reverse index, each indicator is standardized. The processing method is as follows: : yt is the measured value of an indicator, y2010 is the measured value of a certain indicator in 2010, and pt is the index value after standardization, where t=2010, ..., 2017.
Standardization of forward indicators:
Standardization of reverse indicators:
3. Index synthesis
Using the exponential weighting method for comprehensive evaluation, the index value of each level of indicators is obtained.
The basic formula of the exponential weighting method is:
Composite Index S = ΣPi * Wi
Pi is the evaluation value obtained after standardization processing. The value is multiplied by the corresponding weight Wi to obtain a score of the sub-indicator, and Wi is the weight value of the i-th sub-indicator; After the value is added, the comprehensive index of each level of indicators is obtained. According to the changes of sub-index and total index, five sub-fields of innovation development, coordinated development, green development, open development and shared development and regional development and changes are observed.
The '1' 2017 index is based on preliminary statistics for the year.
The '2' index is calculated based on 2010 and has a value of 100.
'3' The incidence of poverty in Hebei Province in 2010 comes from the China Rural Poverty Monitoring Report. The data on the incidence of poverty in 2017 comes from the 2018 government work report of Hebei Province.
'4' Since PM2.5 was released in 2013, the data for 2012 and before are calculated based on the trend of PM10 data.