Liao Xiyuan, Director of the Department of Science and Education of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
Liao Xiyuan, director of the Department of Science and Education of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, recently talked about the use of straw. He said that the current comprehensive utilization of straw still faces many difficulties, and the task is still heavy. The next step will be to strengthen the policy support and other four aspects, and work hard to improve the straw. Industrialization utilization level. Focusing on the comprehensive utilization of straw for public welfare, increasing the subsidies for the purchase and operation of returning machinery and the subsidies for end products. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Information Office held a press conference on the morning of July 26 to inform the ecological environment protection of agriculture. Work related situation, and answer questions from reporters.
Q1. What measures will be taken to promote the comprehensive utilization of straw?
Liao Xiyuan said that in recent years, our country's grain is harvested year by year, and the amount of straw produced is also very large. According to statistics, the current national crop straw can collect 824 million tons of resources, and every one percentage point increase in comprehensive utilization means that we To deal with 8 million tons of straw, with the development of economy and society, the amount of commercial energy used by farmers has gradually increased, resulting in the continuous reduction of the amount of straw used for heating. In addition, the straw has seasonal characteristics, tight mouth, leaving the field, returning storage and transportation costs. High, comprehensive utilization is difficult. In order to solve the problem of straw utilization, we insist on agricultural use, and work together to increase efforts, innovate practical technology, explore effective models, and promote various work.
First, strengthen policy support, and set up a comprehensive project on straw utilization with the Ministry of Finance. Since 2016, it has invested 3.8 billion yuan to support 240 counties to comprehensively utilize straw, increase straw returning, and subsidies for machinery and equipment. Arrange the straw crushing and returning machine, pick up the baler, and purchase subsidies of 460 million yuan. Jiangsu, Anhui and other provinces are free of vehicle tolls for crop straw transport vehicles.
The second is to implement the straw treatment in Northeast China. In view of the large total amount of straw in the northeast region, the slow-returning of the field, and the high cost of leaving the field, we have carried out the straw treatment in the northeast region, focusing on improving the level of straw agricultural transportation, and the specialization level of storage and transportation. Comprehensive utilization of standardization level and market utilization level, established 71 demonstration counties, and created 20 model counties.
The third is to strengthen technical support, add scientists in the comprehensive utilization of straw in the modern agricultural industrial technology system, promote the formation of a synergistic innovation alliance for the comprehensive utilization of corn stalks in the northeast region, carry out scientific and technological research, organize expert groups to carry out technical docking with 12 pilot provinces, and issue straws. Fully quantify the use of technical guidelines, release the top ten models of straw farm transportation, and accelerate the promotion and application of technology models.
Q1. What are the next steps to focus on?
Liao Xiyuan said that although the comprehensive utilization of straw has made progress in stages, due to the large amount of straw surface, various types, seasonality, and differences in water and heat conditions, the current comprehensive utilization of straw still faces many difficulties, and the task remains. Heavy, the next step is to focus on the following aspects:
—— Focus on the three major directions, focus on improving the agricultural level of straw, continue to adhere to the three major directions of straw fertilizer, feed, and fuel, continuously improve the agricultural level of straw, expand the scope of comprehensive straw utilization, and implement the straw treatment in Northeast China. The whole county promotes the treatment and utilization of straw, and builds a typical model with complete supporting policies, strong work, strong technical support, many service organizations and high comprehensive utilization rate. At the same time, the straw ecological compensation system is explored to form a sustainable and scalable technical route. Patterns and mechanisms.
——Strengthen the foundation of development, focus on improving the specialization level of straw storage, storage and transportation, adopt government procurement services, government and social capital cooperation, etc., accelerate the cultivation of straw storage, storage and transportation socialization organization, build a standardized storage site for straw storage, and equip with straw storage and transportation. Specialized equipment, establish a full coverage of the storage network in the county area, form the capacity of commercial straw storage and utilization, and improve the level of comprehensive utilization on the spot.
——Strengthen policy support and focus on improving the utilization level of straw industrialization. Focusing on the comprehensive utilization of straws, we will further promote the use of land, electricity, credit, taxation and other preferential policies, and increase the subsidies for the purchase and operation of returning machinery. We will establish key policies for storage and transportation construction subsidies, terminal product subsidies, and transportation green channels, and cultivate a group of operational entities that can be industrialized and operated, and promote the transformation and upgrading of straw comprehensive utilization industries.
——Strengthen scientific and technological innovation, focus on improving the standardization of straw utilization, mature a batch of new technologies, new processes, new equipment around key areas, strive for technical standards and norms in straw returning, large horsepower straw harvesting and bundling machine, processing equipment and Breakthroughs in technology and other aspects, forming a complete chain from crop varieties, planting, harvesting, straw returning, storage and storage to 'five materials' utilization, technical standards and equipment standards throughout the process, to improve the standardization level of comprehensive utilization of straw.