Recently, the Ministry of Finance issued a notice on the preferential policies for energy-saving new energy vehicles and vessels to enjoy the vehicle and vessel tax. Energy-saving passenger vehicles that halve the vehicle and vessel tax should meet the following criteria: The license is sold in China with a displacement of less than 1.6 liters (including 1.6 liters of petrol, diesel passenger cars (including non-plug-in hybrid, dual-fuel and dual-use passenger cars). New energy vehicles that are exempt from motor vehicle tax are pure electric commercial vehicles, plugged in (including extended program) hybrid vehicles, fuel cell commercial vehicles. Pure electric passenger vehicles and fuel cell passenger vehicles are not subject to the scope of vehicle and vessel tax, and they are not subject to vehicle tax.
This is another preferential policy for small-displacement vehicles after the purchase of taxes. It reflects the state's emphasis on small-displacement vehicles and reflects the country's determination to carry out energy conservation and environmental protection. It is also China, in fact Energy conservation and environmental protection has become a unified proposition in the global automotive industry. Whether it is policy or intensive implementation of regulations, or long-term requirements for energy conservation and environmental protection, all of these have a profound impact on the development and selection of automotive energy conservation and environmental protection power. Impact.
From this point of view, new energy is certainly the future trend, but the development of internal combustion engines is equally important, and the three-cylinder engine that can balance environmental benefits, social benefits and enterprise benefits seems to be the optimal solution to the future development of internal combustion engines.
It’s time to make a comeback
In fact, the three-cylinder engine is not a new species. In the 1980s and 1990s, Xiali, which is popular all over the country, must know that it is equipped with the TJ376 series engine, which is a three-cylinder layout. In addition, the mini-cars such as Alto and BYD F0 have been equipped with three. The cylinder engine. At the time, the rickets of the three-cylinder engine did leave a bad impression on people.
In recent years, with the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the three-cylinder engine has once again entered people's field of vision. It was actually popular in Europe at the earliest. For no reason, it is still a problem of gasoline and exhaust gas that cannot be bypassed. PSA years ago Ford and other car companies are the first to introduce small displacement three-cylinder turbocharged engines such as 1.0T and 1.2T in the European market, and models equipped with these engines such as the Focus, Carnival, and 308, followed by the Renault Clio with 0.9T. The three-cylinder engine, the Peugeot 208 is equipped with a 1.2T three-cylinder engine and has achieved good results.
Domestic, Buick, BMW, Peugeot, Honda and other joint venture brands and leading brands such as Lectra (Luke 02) have also been equipped with three-cylinder engines on new models. From the sales of BMW X1, MINI, Buick Hideo and other models The three-cylinder engine has completely replaced the momentum of the small-displacement four-cylinder engine.
In fact, in addition to the above-mentioned car companies that have joined the three-cylinder camp, the three giant engines that will be launched in the Chinese market are Toyota and Volkswagen. Volkswagen itself is an advocate of small-displacement turbines, so it launched 1.0T III. The cylinder engine is not unusual. Toyota's new AYGO at the beginning of this year is equipped with a 1.0T three-cylinder engine. At the same time, the new generation of Corolla, which is expected to be released next year, will also provide a 1.5T three-cylinder engine. For consumers to choose. Together with GM's popular 1.0T and 1.3T engines, the top three of the world's top three car companies have achieved three-cylinder machines.
So what are the advantages of the current three-cylinder engine?
The emergence of new technologies, especially the advancement of turbocharged direct injection technology, the power of the three-cylinder engine can exceed the natural intake engine with the same displacement turbocharged or even larger displacement, and its fuel consumption is lower than self-priming Therefore, the advantages of small displacement three-cylinder engine in terms of volume, weight, energy consumption and power are highlighted.
The first is to reduce fuel consumption.
As we all know, the in-cylinder direct injection technology directly injects fuel into the cylinder and mixes it with the intake air. It has the advantages of low fuel consumption and high power. In addition, the technology makes the injection pressure larger, the fuel atomization is more detailed, and finally the fuel economy is achieved. For the purpose of the three-cylinder engine, the direct injection of the cylinder can further reduce the fuel consumption and save the cost of the vehicle.
According to the relevant data, the fuel consumption of the three-cylinder engine can be reduced by about 10% compared with the four-cylinder engine in the same state. That is to say, the four-cylinder engine can run 10 kilometers of gasoline for 100 kilometers.
Second is stronger power
In general, the three-cylinder engine will use a smaller turbocharger. Its advantage is high sensitivity and low hysteresis. This means that it is mounted on a small displacement engine and its peak torque is faster. The driver can Get power output earlier.
In the Buick's 1.3T engine, 230N·m of torque can be completely released at 1800r/pm. Most of the current four-cylinder self-priming engines on the market can only generate up to 1/max of the maximum torque in this speed range. 3. From the acceleration results, the performance of the three-cylinder engine is quite bright, just like the new 1.3T Yinglang, the 100-kilometer acceleration is only 8.14 seconds.
In addition, the variable valve timing technology also protects the power system. This technology is an electronic control system that changes the valve opening time or size, and can match the valve to a more reasonable valve opening under various working conditions. Or shut down the timing. Its benefits are to improve engine power, balance of torque output, and better fuel economy. The Buick 1.0T and 1.3T engines have reached 92kW and 89kW respectively, and the maximum torque has been reached. Ordinary 2.0L self-priming engine level.
Finally, it is small in size and light in weight.
The first advantage of the three-cylinder engine is its small size and light weight. For example, the 1.3T engine on the Buick GL6 has a horizontal area of only one A4 paper size. Because the displacement is small, the cylinder is also one less, so the three cylinders The weight of the engine is lighter, which brings great convenience to the later maintenance. At the same time, the weight and compactness of the engine are also in line with the trend of lightweight vehicles, reducing the load on the vehicle and bringing a more enjoyable operation experience. Optimize the layout of the engine compartment and even the layout of the cockpit.
Reduce jitter and noise
The jitter can be said to be the congenital injury of the three-cylinder machine. Since the number of cylinders is odd, there is always one cylinder working alone, the inertia moment is not balanced, so it will produce jitter, especially when it is idle, and the car runs. The more the jitter, the more obvious the jitter. Without the innate balance structure, the jitter can only be offset by adding the balance axis, but the effect is still not comparable to the even cylinder engine.
Vehicle companies are also racking their brains to reduce this phenomenon. For example, the design of the parallel shaft allows the engine to reduce vibration during 'motion', ensuring smoother driving. In addition, the dual mass flywheel also makes the engine It rotates more smoothly. This technology divides the traditional flywheel into two. One flywheel is located in the engine and the other is located in the gearbox. It is connected by the internal spring damper of the oil chamber. When the two flywheels rotate, the spring damper cancels The vibration brought by the transmission system.
In addition, in terms of noise reduction, in addition to optimizing the engine bracket, the soundproof cover is added, and the design of the oil bath type oil pump drive belt fundamentally reduces the noise. In addition, the engine compartment sound insulation is also strengthened.
According to the "Automotive Ring", after a brief introduction, the three-cylinder engine has proved itself with strength, low fuel consumption + efficient power, although the three-cylinder engine has the disadvantages of large vibration and high noise, but with Advances in technology have improved the shortcomings that have been used, and have brought considerable benefits. At the same time, due to the national emission policy, small turbocharged engines and hybrids must be the future direction of technology development. In this context, the three-cylinder engine is A very good choice.
