From the consumer's point of view, LEDs provide a return to the environment and save money. If you look at it from another angle, it's like getting something for nothing (not including initial expenses). But is it really that simple? In theory, it should be , but the reality is that your savings may vary, depending on how efficient your LED is to convert AC to DC. This is not what consumers usually look at. We can think that the market is not mature yet. Too much attention to this. But in fact, this is just to create problems for the future.
Of course, legislation requires that LEDs, like any other form of illumination, must comply with certain power factor correction (PFC) specifications. In addition, total harmonic distortion (THD) is becoming more and more important. Manufacturers need to develop regionally mandated requirements. Programs, but the extent to which these programs meet these requirements will determine the total power consumption that consumers can expect to save. In order to make it more difficult for manufacturers to conduct business in multiple regions, these specifications are not consistent across the world. Allowable in one region It may be incompatible in another area, which means that the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) either needs to develop a solution for multiple specific regions, or it needs to standardize a solution that meets multiple specifications.
In the absence of a 'universal' solution, OEMs may choose to offer different designs optimized for each region, or simply abandon certain markets. These two options are not ideal because the first option will bring More complex builds and bills of materials (BOM), while the second option closes potentially valuable sales channels. What manufacturers really need is to provide a solution that meets the requirements of multiple regions without compromising their core markets. The corresponding cost disadvantage. In fact, we can almost say that they hope to gain something, and at the same time, they will get it without paying the price.
There are many power supply topologies for LEDs, some better than others. At the same time, this may indicate that the market is still relatively immature, there is no one-size solution. For example, for solutions that need to fit within existing bulbs, size and heat dissipation to Critical. In these relatively low power applications (less than 100 W), a single-stage converter is sufficient. The preferred solution is primary-side rectification (PSR) because it supports the use of smaller winding devices. The goal is to make a complete solution, including power rectification, conversion, regulation and LED, in line with the size of a traditional bulb. This means that the replacement LED can be plugged directly into the existing lighting fixture without any further modifications, for consumption. The best possible user experience.
In fact, the converter combines three modes: use CrM when the load exceeds 80%, use the valley mode when the load is lower than 80%, and use the frequency back when the load is extremely low (such as standby mode). This makes the PFC exceed 0.95, THD Less than 10% makes one design suitable for multiple markets.
It's hard for us to get it without paying the price, but as long as we choose the right LED controller, it is possible to use a single solution to meet the needs of different markets. It can also be said that it can be obtained without paying the price.