On hot summer days and cold winter days, we need vehicles to provide cold and warm air through a good air conditioning system, especially when the window is fogged and frosted. The safety of driving plays a vital role. For the current domestic new car power, pure electric vehicles do not have a fuel engine, there is no heat source for heating, and the compressor does not have the engine. To provide air-conditioning. So, how does a pure electric vehicle provide air-conditioning cooling and heating functions? Will it affect the cruising range of electric vehicles?
Pure electric vehicle air conditioning refrigeration uses electric compressors:
In fact, pure electric vehicles and traditional fuel vehicles are generally consistent in the refrigeration structure, but the power source of the compressor is different. For electric vehicles and other vehicles with high-voltage power supply, electric compressor refrigeration air-conditioning systems can be used. The basic principle is that the DC power of the new energy vehicle battery pack is powered by the inverter for the air conditioner compressor drive motor, and the air conditioner motor drives the compressor to rotate, thereby forming a refrigeration cycle and generating a cooling effect. The electric compressor refrigeration air conditioning system is compared with the traditional automobile air conditioner. The amount of change in the system is small, and only the compressor drive power source is changed from the engine to the drive motor.
Usually, the compressors of pure electric vehicles are specially designed for this type of vehicle. The motor and compressor are integrated. Compared with the traditional compressor, the electric compressor has certain advantages, such as: Even if the parking is turned off, it can provide Refrigeration; The compressor speed is not affected by the engine speed. Any working condition can guarantee the cooling effect; it will not affect the driving power of the vehicle. Of course, the power consumed by the electric compressor will also reduce the cruising range of the electric vehicle.
Pure electric car air conditioning heating system:
Because a pure electric vehicle uses a motor-driven vehicle and does not have a large-volume gasoline engine, it cannot use the heat generated by itself to provide warm air to the occupants of the vehicle like a conventional fuel vehicle. Because the engine is normally operated, it is regulated by the cooling system. Keeping the temperature within a certain controllable range, so using it as a heat source can make the heating capacity controllable. However, if a pure electric vehicle wants to provide a controllable heating effect by other means, it is first necessary to make the heating heat source also Controlled, constant temperature. Then there is the most commonly used heating element called PTC on electric vehicles.
The PTC electric heater is a heater that uses a PTC thermistor element as a heat source. In appearance, it is similar to a heat sink in a conventional fuel-vehicle air-conditioning system, but its interior is equipped with a ceramic thermistor. The high temperature adhesive is bonded to the corrugated heat-dissipating aluminum strip. The resistance value of the thermistor changes abruptly with temperature. When the temperature rises, the PTC resistance value increases, and the calorific value increases accordingly. As the resistance value increases continuously and the temperature continues to increase, the resistance becomes infinite until it is close to the insulation. When it reaches a certain high temperature, it automatically cuts off the power supply, thus causing the temperature to fall back. This reciprocating cycle stabilizes the temperature at the setting. The temperature is around (typically 240 degrees Celsius). As a result, the air conditioning and heating function of the electric vehicle is realized by using the PTC electric heater. However, it is also necessary to consume the battery power of the electric vehicle and reduce the mileage of the new energy vehicle.
In addition, some electric vehicles use a 'hot and cold dual-use' air-conditioning system with a two-way expansion valve. As the name suggests, the 'hot and cold dual-use' air-conditioning system, that is, a system can achieve refrigeration and heating respectively. Function. In fact, the air conditioning system is modified on the basis of the electric compressor. The structure is basically the same. The electric compressor can operate in both forward and reverse directions to realize the 'hot and cold dual-type' air-conditioning system. The essential.
Written at the end:
The air-conditioning system of pure electric vehicles is driven by electric power. It has certain inherent advantages in cooling and heating performance compared with traditional fuel vehicles, but it also has a certain impact on the valuable cruising range of electric vehicles. Air conditioning is required. In the days, you must plan your driving route in advance and keep an eye on the battery life and power information.
