With the development of China's industry, industrial production from the heavy industry of steelmaking, power generation, to precision instrument manufacturing and textile industry, various industries with different oil, and the use of mechanical equipment and process conditions are diverse, so the requirements for the use of lubricants vary. Industrial lubricants include a wide variety of lubricants and practical applications. Although a wide variety, numerous, but its main varieties such as: steam turbine oil, bearing lubricants, hydraulic oil, gear oil, machine tool lubricants, grease, metal processing fluid, textile lubricants, quenching oil, heat conduction oil, electrical oil, frozen oil, rust-proof oil, etc., in the industry is a large amount, widely used, is the general
familiar with the variety. Currently used lubricants products can be roughly divided into two categories, that is, industrial machinery lubricants and industrial production process oil agent. Gear oil belongs to the former, its function is pure lubrication; Quenching oil belongs to the latter, when the hot steel quenching into the oil, oil can quickly ' take ' the heat of the steel, it also played the role of the process oil. Quenching oil allows steel to harden therein, but does not require lubrication.
In other words, oil is used as a cooling ingot without lubrication. In most cases, lubricants also play a role in lubrication and cooling, so it is difficult to classify an oil product accurately as a pure lubricant or process oil. For example, the pure cutting oil used in metal processing technology is a double function. It acts as a lubricant by reducing the friction between the tool and the workpiece; At the same time, because of its own cooling capacity and the role of the process oil.
However, the metal cutting oil is generally classified into the process oil category. ' Process oil ' means that it does not require a minimum lubrication effect. What we call ' lubricity ' is the ability to separate two surfaces from each other relative to the motion. This prevents metal wear and tear by avoiding contact with each other. This state is often called fluid lubrication. However, due to the load or various mechanical and mechanical principles of the force of different characteristics, there may be a lubricant film rupture caused by wear and surface damage. In this condition called ' boundary ', the damage can be avoided if there is another lubricating property.
Therefore, industrial lubricants are mainly based on the conditions of application-fluid or boundary (sometimes both) conditions, make the appropriate choice. such as turbine oil, hydraulic oil, gear oil, grease, machine tool lubricants and metal cutting and steel heat treatment process oil, they include most of the characteristics of industrial oil.
Chemical stability, thermal stability, reduced friction and load resistance (including extreme pressure lubricants) are the most common requirements for industrial lubricants for various occasions. As industrial development is accompanied by the development of more efficient industrial equipment, there is a higher load, speed and temperature. At the same time, make the working environment of lubricating oil more harsh; Therefore, the performance requirements of lubricating oil are increased. But for most industrial applications, liquid products based on mineral oil (hydrocarbons) are appropriate. For special occasions, synthetic oils (non hydrocarbons) are required and, in some cases, solid lubricants are required.
The characteristics of these different types of lubricant products are also being further studied and developed.
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