At present, the concept of green consumption of Chinese residents has gradually taken shape. There are also many green products available for purchase in the market. However, the overall supply of green products has not been able to keep pace with the consumption upgrade of the people. In the fields of e-commerce shopping, home improvement, travel and so on, There is a waste phenomenon. Comprehensively promote green development, what kind of green life should we create? Where is the power of green consumption? What are the main factors that restrict green consumption? Recently, we visited some consumers, enterprises and experts and scholars. Find a new pain point in green consumption and explore a good path to green development.
- Editor
How many energy-saving products are there?
Photovoltaic air conditioners, energy-saving water heaters... The energy-saving products on the market are increasingly diverse, but the supply is not balanced. In terms of more power-hungry audio, vacuum cleaners, constant temperature aquariums, etc., there are still fewer energy-saving products.
'This year, 95% of the washing machines we sell are energy-saving products. The national-level energy efficiency label accounts for more than 90%. 'Li Jin is a salesman of Suning Tesco Ciyun Temple Bridge in Chaoyang District, Beijing, mainly selling small swans. Hemei's brand washing machine. Since the opening of the store, Li Jin is working here. She said that green energy-saving home appliances are becoming more and more common in shopping malls. Come to consult and buy more customers.
'Recently sold is the 'Water Cube' 8 kg capacity ultra-thin drum washing machine, is a national level energy-efficient energy-saving products, washing clothes, saving electricity and water, also saving time, its cold water washing function, compared to ordinary drum washing machine can Save 70% of electricity, I sold 19 units in June. 'Li Jin said.
This large-scale store has a total area of 7,000 square meters and a height of 4 storeys. The store owner, Hongyu, introduced energy-saving products only about 40% of the total number of products sold three years ago. Now it has grown to over 80%. Growth, categories are also increasing, from refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, to televisions, electric water heaters, range hoods, and later added microwave ovens, gas water heaters, air purifiers, etc. For example, Gree Electric has introduced Gree home air conditioning energy efficiency lead Series, Zhirui frequency conversion variable capacity home central air conditioner, photovoltaic air conditioner and other new products. These new energy-saving home appliances, from the original main power-saving, to the water-saving, provincial, gas, provincial and other energy-saving environmental protection categories. ' Shang Hongyu said.
In addition to a single category of green energy-efficient home appliances, there are also enterprises based on artificial intelligence, big data and other technologies to launch a full-house smart home energy-saving system. For example, Hangzhou Yaguan Technology Co., Ltd. has created an open intelligent system that can access a variety of The brand's electrical appliances, through energy management and regulation of the entire house, achieve green energy conservation and improve the living experience.
'A 90 square meter house with air conditioners, water heaters, refrigerators, lamps, etc. It takes about 25 kWh a day in the summer. After using the smart home system, it can bring significant energy savings: for example, the homeowner leaves home, house Switching to the off-home mode, the system will turn off high-power devices such as air conditioners, and turn some operating devices to a low-power state... Combined, one day can save 4-9 degrees. 'Yu Guan Technology co-founder Gu Zhicheng said.
In the interview, the reporter found that although there are many energy-saving products on the market, there are still problems in the supply of energy-saving appliances.
'Photovoltaic air conditioners, energy-saving water heaters... Most of the energy-saving products on the market are large-sized home appliances. The energy-saving small household appliances are relatively small, but in fact, the energy consumption of some small household appliances is not small. One water dispenser can be used for one day. Electricity, more power than some high-efficiency refrigerators. If the home induction cooker is used often, it is not less electricity than the washing machine. 'Wang Yuling, who studied at a university in Changsha, Hunan, rented a house near the university, now one month. More than 200 yuan of electricity, let him pay attention to energy saving, 'I understand that more power-hungry is audio, vacuum cleaners, constant temperature aquarium, etc., if these equipment can also launch energy-saving products just fine. '
Is the market price expensive?
The overall price of energy-efficient products is generally more expensive. Even if the first-class energy-efficient air conditioner saves electricity, it can only save one or two hundred yuan of electricity every year. It takes 5 to 10 years to 'provide' the difference.
'The first grade energy efficiency is much more expensive than the third grade energy efficiency product. ' Zhang Dongliang, who lives in Wenmiao Street, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, recently bought a three-level energy-efficient energy-saving air conditioner. He simply calculated: a 1st level of energy-efficient air conditioner The price is about 3,000 yuan, and the energy efficiency of the third level is less than 1,800 yuan. The difference between the two is more than 1,000 yuan. Even if the first-class energy efficiency saves electricity, it can only save one or two hundred yuan in electricity a year. It takes 5 to 10 years to ' Province's return price.
'In addition to large electrical appliances, small electrical appliances such as energy-saving lamps, are also generally more expensive, energy-saving lamps are often sold for fifteen or six yuan, as long as two or three yuan without energy, only personal economic accounts, green energy-saving products are not high enough." Zhang Dongliang said , 'I am going to buy energy-saving appliances, which are labeled with energy efficiency indicators on the top and bottom. They mean what they mean, how much electricity can be saved compared to non-energy-saving products. No one can tell me clearly, then I might as well buy a cheaper one. Because I can see that the difference in their selling price is obvious, and the power saving effect is not intuitive.
A market survey conducted by the Shanghai Consumer Protection Committee and the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences shows that consumers pay more attention to energy-saving appliances than energy-saving, and the perception of energy-saving effects of household appliances is not clear. Some consumers believe that the price of energy-efficient home appliances exceeds that of ordinary household appliances. Within 10.7%, energy-efficient home appliances will be selected. When the price exceeds 35.3%, energy-saving home appliances will be abandoned. In addition, energy-saving subsidies will help people purchase energy-efficient home appliances.
Since 2015, Beijing has opened a second round of subsidies for some energy-efficient energy-saving appliances. The national level energy efficiency labeling product subsidies 13%, the second-level energy efficiency products subsidies 8%, and the highest subsidies 800 yuan. When people buy home appliances, they rely on Beijing local ID card or residence permit can enjoy subsidies. 'For example, some three-level energy efficiency inverter air conditioners cost 2,500 yuan. Because of the low energy efficiency level, there is no subsidy, and some secondary energy efficiency inverter air conditioners cost 2,700 yuan. Even cheaper than the third-level, the customers who came to the store did not understand at first, but later they basically chose to buy energy-efficient home appliances. The price is almost the same, and they are more green and environmentally friendly. Why not?” Shang Hongyu said.
On July 7, Sun Bin, who lives in Shilibao Beili, Chaoyang District, Beijing, turned for half an hour in Suning Tesco's Ciyun Temple Bridge store, and finally stopped in front of an energy-saving air conditioner. The salesman helped him calculate the original price of 4,499 yuan. Air-conditioning, manufacturers discount 200 yuan, Beijing's first-class energy efficiency product subsidies on the basis of the transaction price back 13%, to the hand price dropped to 3740 yuan, 'this price cuts, it is quite awesome.' Sun Bin said.
Zhang Xin, deputy dean of the Resources and Environment Branch of the China National Institute of Standardization, told reporters that China is implementing a new version of the energy efficiency label, developing green product evaluation standards, promoting energy-saving green products, and promoting the transformation of household appliances and other consumer products into green. The company continues to break through the core technology and integrate the green concept into the whole process of enterprise operation. Under the leadership of technology upgrading and scale production, it is believed that it will effectively optimize the price and quality of green energy-saving products.
Is policy support enough?
Encourage technological innovation in supply, cultivate green ideas in consumption, and further improve the support system for energy-saving products
'Now green consumption is getting more and more attention from consumers. However, China's green consumer goods and other end consumer goods still have weak brand competitiveness, and there are not many problems in the middle and high-end products, resulting in 'demand spillover', and there is no need to further improve the quality level. New said.
How to make green energy-saving products more, better and more affordable?
'The development of green energy-saving products can't rely on subsidies alone. Subsidies can't replace the role of the market. Green energy-saving products must be accepted by everyone and need to work together. ' Wang Lei, vice chairman of China Household Electrical Appliances Association, believes that in the supply, home appliance enterprises We should establish the concept of producing high-quality products and increase the research and development of energy-saving technologies. 'If you only produce low-quality, low-cost products, not only will the energy-saving effect be poor, but it will take a long time to become aging and be eliminated, and its recycling and disposal will bring The environmental burden is not conducive to the long-term development of the brand.'
In March of this year, the “Report on China's Residents' Development in 2017” issued by the National Development and Reform Commission showed that in recent years, the supply of green energy-saving products in China has continued to expand, and the scale of green consumption has continued to grow. However, in general, there is still a sense of green consumption in China's green products market. Not strong, effective supply and insufficient demand, product performance is false, shoddy, promotion is not enough, market supervision is not in place, etc., failing to effectively motivate and guide market players and consumers.
'For consumers, buying things can't be cheap, but also long-term accounts.' Wang Lei said that good energy-saving products can be used for many years, ordinary products have to be changed for several years, combined, good energy-saving The product is not a disadvantage in the economic account and environmental protection account.
Wang Lei believes that in addition to subsidies, the government should optimize market supervision, such as the performance of virtual standards, shoddy, fake realism, the government can improve product sampling methods, not only to check one, second-tier cities, but also to check Third, the products of the fourth-tier cities, more accurately grasp the situation of counterfeit and shoddy green products, and maintain market order.
The relevant person in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission said that the next step will be to accelerate the legal system and policy-oriented construction of green production and consumption, including strengthening publicity and guidance, advocating green and low-carbon lifestyles; expanding effective supply, encouraging enterprises to increase green product development, design and Manufacturing investment; Standardize product market, speed up the establishment of product quality traceability system, severely crack down on illegal signs and other illegal activities; Improve green product standard system, promote public institutions to purchase and use green products, etc. Let more yuan, richer green energy-saving products enter Thousands of households.
Green product consumption is developing well
According to the “2017 China Residents Consumption Development Report” released by the National Development and Reform Commission recently, with the improvement of people's living standards, household consumption has been continuously upgraded, green consumption has quietly risen, green consumption varieties have been continuously enriched, energy-saving home appliances, water-saving appliances, organic products, Green building materials and other products have entered thousands of households, air purifiers, household water purification equipment and other health and environmental protection products sales are booming, recycling products are gradually accepted, new energy vehicles become consumer fashion, sharing travel booming.
According to the report, it is estimated that in 2017, energy-efficient air conditioners, refrigerators, washing machines, flat-panel TVs, water heaters and other five types of products will sell nearly 150 million domestic sales, with sales of nearly 500 billion yuan; organic products output value of nearly 140 billion yuan; new energy vehicles Consumption of 777,000 vehicles; shared bicycles delivered more than 25 million vehicles. From 2012 to 2016, China's energy-saving (water-saving) products government procurement scale reached 746 billion yuan.
The eco-environmental benefits of green product consumption are gradually emerging. It is estimated that the energy-efficient air conditioners, refrigerators, washing machines, flat-panel TVs and water heaters sold in 2017 can save about 10 billion kWh per year, equivalent to 6.5 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions. 1,14,000 tons of sulfur dioxide, 14,000 tons of nitrogen oxides and 11,000 tons of particulate matter. In 2016, the comprehensive utilization of waste textiles in China was 3.6 million tons, saving 4.6 million tons of crude oil.