In his view, to meet the requirements of technical security, we must first solve the problem of independent controllable. For the development of the chip industry, he said that chip manufacturing is close to the traditional industry, and it takes a decade or two to keep doing its perseverance. He hopes that the investment community can invest in the chip industry with a long-term vision.
Quick summary of the golden sentence:
For some important projects in the future, first look at the product, the service meets the requirements of not satisfying the autonomous control. If not satisfied, even if the price is good, it is not reliable.
'Zhongxing Incident' let everyone feel the importance of the chip. Our main problem is that there is no core technology, and the image is said to be 'lack of heart and soul.' If the chip is likened to the heart of an adult, the soul refers to the basic software, without the heart, Of course not without a soul.
The production of integrated circuit chips must have long-term preparation and investment. Don't expect to get a return in two or two years, two or three years. I hope that the investment community can really use the funds in the places where they need them, and look beyond the distance. Invest in projects that are easier to see and that can be effective in the short term.
On July 11, Academician Ni Guangnan was unable to attend the summit due to important meetings. On the eve of the summit, we interviewed him on issues such as 'China Core'.
The following is an interview with Ni Guangnan, after looking for China Maker (ID: xjbmaker):
Talking about autonomy and control:
No technical security without autonomy
After the 'Zhongxing incident', everyone paid special attention to the problem of self-control.
Network security is a complex issue, and it is related to technology, rules and regulations, management, personnel, etc. But among many factors, technical security is particularly important, and there is no technical security, which means that other measures in network security may be useless. Therefore, we must achieve network security through technical security.
Technical security also requires many measures, but there is a precondition that it is self-controllable. Network products and general products, such as traditional industrial products, agricultural products are very different. The safety of traditional products is easy to measure, through evaluation Know, and can calculate, these are traditional security. And network security is non-traditional security, a big difference between them is controllability.
For example, if a car is not exhausted, parts, and tires are not in service, it can be used safely. But a network product, such as a driverless car, is largely safe or not. Attack, if the car is hacked, the car may be driven away, or hit anywhere. This controllability is that the network products are very different from the traditional products.
In a nutshell, the security and control of network products actually talks about two areas, one is security, and the traditional meaning. The other is controllable, controllable should be unique to network products. So the security of the network is special. To emphasize these two aspects.
In order to meet the requirements of technical security, we must first solve the problem of self-control and then solve the security and credibility.
Beijing News reporter Wu Jiang
However, self-control is the premise. Without self-control, we can't talk about other security. Just like the unmanned car I just gave, if you can't control it and you can easily be attacked by hackers, then you can't talk about security.
According to this line of thinking, I suggest that some important projects in the future, some plans, whether it is planning, bidding, or acceptance, evaluation, should be independent of control as a dimension of evaluation.
It is conceivable that for some important projects in the future, first look at the product, the service meets the requirements of not satisfying the autonomous control. If not satisfied, even if the price is good, it is not reliable. If you know some products in advance, some solutions only rely on some A company's products, then we may need to find a second source of channels, or similar raw materials, devices. With this concept, there will be a record plan, if necessary, can top, so as not to cause the entire production to pause.
Looking back at the 'Zhongxing Incident', it also proves that if we can adopt autonomous control as a system and implement it in the evaluation of network security, we can effectively avoid or reduce the loss of 'Zhongxing incident'.
Talking about chip development:
It takes time to make up the short board, and you can’t make quick success.
'Zhongxing Incident' let everyone feel the importance of the chip. Our main problem is that there is no core technology, and the image is said to be 'lack of heart and soul.' If the chip is likened to the heart of an adult, the soul refers to the basic software, without the heart, Of course not without a soul.
Why do we need to pay attention to the chip now? Because the chip industry can't do it all at once, it takes a lot of effort to break through a very important core technology.
There are two issues to note here:
First, we must pay attention to the chip industry to analyze, because the chip industry as a chain of industry is relatively long, covering a wide range, from upstream to downstream, all links must be carefully analyzed.
In terms of chip design, China has done a good job. The number of Chinese chip design companies is definitely the largest in the world. We can design very good chips. For example, the chips used in supercomputers in Taihu Lake are designed by ourselves.
At present, our short board is mainly concentrated in chip manufacturing, including manufacturing process, materials, equipment, testing, packaging and other supporting industries.
Second, it is necessary to make up the shortcomings in this respect. One of its characteristics is that it requires a lot of investment.
IC manufacturing is a capital-intensive, talent-intensive, technology-intensive industry. The country has spent 140 billion yuan on the first phase of the National IC Industry Fund, and more social funds. The second phase will continue to support and believe that it will drive more societies. funds.
In addition to funding, it is also necessary to strengthen talents and investment in technology. While raw materials and equipment are relatively close to traditional industries, its development takes time. I think it takes another 20 years to develop integrated circuit manufacturing. You can't be quick and quick, you have to do it in a down-to-earth manner.
We must be determined to make up the shortcomings including integrated circuit manufacturing and chip manufacturing, and we must work tirelessly. We must be persevering, innovation is always a life of death, chip manufacturing is close to the traditional industry, it takes a decade or two. Keep your perseverance to do it. In addition, we must find the right focus, and we must be able to give full play to our advantages, such as taking advantage of the system and concentrating on breaking through the shortcomings of the chip, instead of spreading the funds to many projects, the results are not good. .
Of course, we must also combine the advantages of the market mechanism. I believe that we can make up this shortcoming faster and better. The 'Zhongxing incident' should accelerate the process of promoting the development of the chip industry and increase our investment in this area. Strength.
Talking about technological innovation:
National industrial policy and corporate innovation are essential
It is important at the national level to achieve self-control, strengthen basic technology research and development, and build an innovative country.
Some people say that the market economy is mainly the market, but it is not complete. I think the government's layout in industrial policy is very important.
In 2000, in order to support the development of software and integrated circuits, the State issued the "Notice of the State Council on Printing and Issuing Certain Policies to Encourage the Development of the Software Industry and the Integrated Circuit Industry." This document is actually a good industrial policy, providing taxation to software companies. Offer. This policy has enabled the software industry to develop rapidly.
According to the statistics of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the total sales of the software industry in 2000 was 59 billion, reaching 5,000 billion in 2017. It has increased by almost 100 times in 18 years. From here, we can see the importance of industrial policy. With the short chip board, national support is very important. The national industrial policy, including the integrated circuit industry fund and other related preferential policies, is very important for the development of this industry.
Our historical advantage is to concentrate on doing big things. We have to learn the two-ball and one-star space spirit. This is very obvious in the Beidou. Satellite navigation systems require both aerospace technology and network technology. In these two areas. In terms of integration, the national system has played a big role, because no company can do this. We should learn from the experience of Beidou, emphasizing that the country is leading in some major projects, such as major areas such as chip shorts. effect.
Beijing News reporter Zhu Jun photo
Of course, we hope that the market mechanism can be well combined, and the advantages of both can be exerted.
In addition, as the main body of innovation, enterprises should play the role of enterprises. Nothing can be done as an industrial entity in any business, and no country or other unit can do it.
With the enhancement of their capabilities, Chinese companies are now able to do more and play a very good role. For example, in the world ranking of information, Chinese companies have taken up considerable weight.
We are very happy to see that after the 'Zhongxing Incident', many companies did not do this. For example, BAT, which is not a chip-based Internet company, has also expressed its intention to invest in the development of China's chip industry. This shows that the company's vision is getting longer and longer, and its ability is getting stronger.
I believe that with the enhancement of the innovation capabilities of Chinese companies, as their awareness increases, some shortcomings can make up for it faster.
Talking about capital investment:
The chip project has a long period of investment and needs a long-term vision.
Capital plays a very important role in driving innovation, especially for some key projects.
For software projects, we tend to put talent first. But in the chip project, the role of funds is great. If there is no fund, talents will not play a role.
Many investors in China used to be interested in projects that are easy to be effective in the short term, such as real estate. The projects such as chips have a long cycle, unlike some projects that have seen returns in a few years, and the amount of investment is also large. Ordinary production lines may be (to be invested) two or three billion.
For example, BOE, which is a LCD screen, is now very influential in the world, but it takes about ten years to make a profit. So investing in the chip industry, especially in manufacturing, must have long-term mental preparation and a decade or so. .
In fact, this is not surprising. Traditional industries are like this. For example, Airbus has a profit only after 30 or 40 years. We would rather consider the production of the chip industry as close to the traditional industry.
The production of integrated circuit chips requires long-term preparation and investment. It takes a year or two to look forward to not paying off in one or two years and two or three years. I hope that the investment community can really use the funds where they are needed. Keep your eyes a little farther, don't invest your money in projects that are easier to work with, and that can be effective in the short term.