In the Agricultural Machinery Management Center of the second operation station of the fifth management area of the Friendship Farm in the district, there is an old green wheeled tractor. According to its owner Zhang Hai, this tractor was introduced from the United States in 1978 and was the most advanced in the world at that time. 'John Deere 4040', has been working for 40 years.
Twenty years ago, Zhang Hai took priority as its captain and spent 70,000 yuan to buy it. Eight years ago, Zhang Hai spent another 110,000 yuan to install a GPS positioning system. 'Now, no longer use it to do heavy work. It’s mainly ridges and odd jobs. '47-year-old Zhang Hai didn’t think about letting this 'old man’ retire, compared with the 'Hercules' who now have more than 500 horsepower, this 111 hp The tractor has withdrawn from the ranks of the main force.
In 1978, along with this tractor, there were 61 American agricultural machinery. They represented the international advanced level at that time. Friendship Farm became the first farm in New China to introduce agricultural machinery with international advanced level. The second team has become the starting point of China's agricultural modernization.
The introduction of these American machinery originated from Zhao Qingjing, the leader of the Provincial State Farms Administration. In the summer of 1977, the anti-Japanese veteran went to Beijing to participate in the World Advanced Agricultural Machinery and Equipment Expo. He was shocked by various high-performance agricultural machinery products. : 'In the past, it was said that the area has been mechanized. Now, our agricultural machinery and equipment are half a century behind others. ' From then on, the idea of a full set of imported equipment test points was formed in the minds of the leaders of the General Administration. The location is located in the fifth team of Friendship Farm. This idea has been supported by the state. In 1978, the country approved millions of foreign exchange for foreign exchange, determined to first arm the five divisions into a world-class agricultural production team.
At this time, an American named Han Ding came to the Friendship Farm. He was received by Ma Lianxiang, deputy secretary and deputy director of the Hongxinglong Administration. He used to drive a tractor to Han Ding in the Liberation Area of Taihang Mountain. To this student, you can't use the equipment of the 1930s to do the work of the 70s. With the help of Han Ding, the second team invested 5.47 million yuan to introduce 62 sets of pieces of John Deere from the United States. Advanced agricultural machinery. Han Ding taught his Chinese friends how to use it. It was not until two years later that he left. Friendship Farm took the lead in opening a window of agricultural externalization in China and embarked on the road of agricultural modernization.
Due to the use of modern machinery, the area of cultivated land of the second team has been expanded from 14890 mu to 25,000 mu, and the number of employees has been reduced from 326 to 55 to 39. The first line of agricultural workers is only 20. The golden autumn October, the first The production cycle is over. The People’s Daily published a message from Xinhua News Agency that “Modern Agriculture is showing its brilliance. The second team of Friendship Farm won the harvest, 20 people cultivated 11,000 mu of land, and the average person produces 200,000 jin of grain.” The editorial of People's Daily is: 'Please come to see this good news... The success of this pilot of agricultural mechanization is a preliminary victory of the party Central Committee's decision to use foreign advanced technology to accelerate the pace of agricultural modernization. It For China, the backward situation of gradually changing hundreds of millions of people to eat and eat has brought gratifying news for the high-speed development of China's agriculture. 'Only from 1978 to 1979, the whole country came to the second team for inspection, internship, and more than 10 visitors. On August 7, 1983, Comrade Deng Xiaoping came to the second team of the five-point field to inspect and affirmed the road to accelerate the reform and opening up of China's agriculture.
The success of the second team of the five-point team played an obvious role in the national agricultural system. On May 10, 1980, after discussion by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, the State Council approved the first modernized state-owned farm established in China using the form of compensation trade. The river farm was officially established. From the beginning, it was determined to be a model of China's modern farm.
Construction needs money, and finding money is the first step. After several searches, Japan's Nippon Co., Ltd. promised to borrow. According to the agreement, Nianmian loaned 3.4 billion yen to China, equivalent to RMB 22.96 million. China repaid with soybeans, from 1981 At the beginning, until 1986, the total repayment was completed, and a total of 53,000 tons of soybeans were repaid.
Money is there, the next step is to buy equipment. According to the farm’s first director, Jiang Xiangchun, he was one of the members of the purchasing group in the United States. 'When we were in the United States, it was a big boss. The American reporter learned that we were squatting. More than 10 million US dollars to buy equipment, immediately regarded us as news figures, stalking the camera and chasing interviews. 'At the end, Jiang Xiangchun and his party selected the products of the company, and successfully purchased them back home. According to the director of the farm's former government office, Chi Changlu Recall that these equipments were shipped from the United States to Shanghai, and then transported back to Heilongjiang by train from Shanghai. The trains and trains of the trains took almost one month, and the two mechanics who were full-time squatters also won the award.
These machines have played a key role in the process of narrowing the gap between China and the world's agricultural mechanization, including equipment introduced by previous friendship farms. Many domestic companies have carried out technological learning and innovation and improvement with reference to these machines. According to Chi Changlu, now domestic 1. Many dumpers, loaders, excavators, many of them were produced on the farm as a prototype.
Advanced machinery and equipment bring amazing production efficiency. In the words of Chi Changlu, an agricultural worker can complete the whole process from field harvesting to grain storage by pressing the button five times. The farm has the world's largest grain processing at that time. The center, from cleaning, drying, storage, air-blown precipitation, all modernization of loading, can process 50 tons of grain in one hour.
Honghe Farm, which spends Japanese money, buys American machinery, and breeds China, has achieved the goal of building a modern farm. It has become the most cultivated land with the highest average occupation, the most productive food in the job, and the highest agricultural output value.
Following the friendship, after the Honghe River, the urban area used the World Bank loan and self-raised funds to build a modern farm such as Erdaohe and Yalu River. The modern mechanization was widely spread in the reclamation area.
With the rapid advancement of science and technology, agricultural technology has also achieved a qualitative leap. In 2002, Friendship Farm became the first farm in China to implement precision agriculture projects. The second team was identified by the Ministry of Agriculture as the National Precision Agriculture Technology Demonstration Zone with an investment of 7.5 million. Yuan purchased more large-scale mechanical equipments with high automation and intelligence in the United States. The wide application of electronic, hydraulic and information technology in modern agriculture makes each high-powered tractor equivalent to a mobile research institute. Global satellite positioning technology, Remote sensing technology, geography technology, computer automatic control technology and other modern scientific and technological achievements, through comprehensive assembly and support, enable Da Ma Li Machinery to achieve automatic navigation, precision seeding, variable fertilization, real-time measurement and other precision, standardization operations.
Zhang Wenbin, a 59-year-old former friendship farmer cadre, was selected by the middle school in 1980 to become an earlier batch of 'Meiji' drivers. 'At the time, I wanted to open a 'American machine', not only simple operation, but also air conditioning, radio. In the later stage, it is also equipped with a walkie-talkie. 'Because of work needs, Zhang Wenbin is no longer working in the front line, but he will often go to the Beidahuang Agricultural Machinery Expo Park on the west side of the Friendship Farm to collect more than 150 pieces of the Great Northern Wilderness. Among the agricultural machinery of various periods, there were old friends who accompanied him in the same year. 'Now the farm is more advanced than we did in the past. If it is not open and not introduced, we will not develop so fast.
From the shoulders of people, to large machinery, to precision digital agriculture. Over the past 40 years, the production methods in the urban areas have undergone earth-shaking changes. Modern farms have not only driven the rapid development of national agriculture, but also become the vanguard of the development of agricultural modernization in the country. Since 1978, the district has used the World Bank loan, compensation trade, self-raised funds and other means to introduce and purchase the world's advanced agricultural machinery and equipment and domestic agricultural machinery. It has equipped more than 200 modern agricultural machinery demonstration zones. By the end of 2017, the urban area has The total power of agricultural machinery was 9.848 million kilowatts, the original value of agricultural machinery was 30.72 billion yuan, the agricultural large and medium-sized tractors were 101,600 units, the agricultural aircrafts were 102, and the agricultural airports were 72. The comprehensive mechanization rate of field operations reached 99.6%, forming a field from the field to the yard. China's largest agricultural machinery group from the ground to the sky. The area of agricultural aviation operation completed in the year was 1,382,900 hectares, and the area of cross-regional operation was 31.24 million mu. The annual output of grain crops exceeded 40 billion jin.
