On July 9th, the summit of the 'burning' power car power development trend hosted by Ryukyu Motors was held in Beijing. A number of authoritative experts in the field of internal combustion engines gathered together to analyze the future development trend of car power by interpreting new technologies of car power.
In "Made in China 2025", China has made 'energy-saving and new-energy vehicles' a breakthrough in key areas. At the same time, 'National Six' emission standards, 'double points' policy, four-stage fuel restrictions and other industrial policies will soon Implementation in succession, the above strict standards indicate China's determination to take the road of energy conservation and emission reduction.
In the context of energy conservation and environmental protection, how does automotive power respond to emissions and fuel consumption constraints? How can the functionality and stability of power products improve? How to further tap the potential of hybrid, turbocharged, naturally aspirated and three-cylinder machines It became the focus of discussion among the experts at the meeting.
At the forum, Professor Tsinghua University of Tsinghua University, deputy director of the Burning Energy Center of Tsinghua University pointed out that the combination of internal combustion engine and electric motor can complement each other. The traditional power in the future has strong vitality and is the mainstream technical route to meet the strict regulations of the future. The internal combustion engine is more efficient, simpler, more in line with energy conservation and emission reduction, and has advantages in power change. Chinese cars further improve thermal efficiency, don't give up the development of traditional power, and the future of China's automobile power has both transformation and upgrading, which truly reflects the core of the country. Competitiveness, countries and enterprises should not simply give up, should increase investment.
The following is a professor at Tsinghua University, deputy director of the Burning Energy Center of Tsinghua University.
The leaders of the previous industries, as well as the director Wang Binggang gave me a good foundation, my topic below is also about the development of some technologies of hybrid engines. Everyone knows that Tsinghua University like Ouyang teacher in electric vehicles Very good job, my team is doing the upgrade work, both transformation and upgrade, I hope my report gives you some data, can support some of Wang’s views.
My report title is called Hybrid Power-Assisted Internal Combustion Engine. I want to talk to you from these four aspects.
The first one since the internal combustion engine has just played a very important role in hybrid power, but what is the concept of a hybrid professional engine is very important, is it no different from the traditional engine? Or is there a difference? Where is the difference? Although the second hybrid has many configurations, it puts a lot of requirements on the internal combustion engine, how to deepen the integration to achieve energy saving and emission reduction. Finally, I want to give an example of the Japanese Toyota, which is the hybrid engine ahead. Including future development. trend.
The first topic, what is a hybrid internal combustion engine, is specifically designed for the development of an internal combustion engine for a hybrid car, it is easy to say this, but whether the hybrid engine is a gasoline engine or a diesel engine, is a rotor or self-priming There are still a lot of self-spraying, etc. But no matter what kind of hybrid engine, first of all, what is the difference between it and the conventional internal combustion engine.
First: The picture of this engine is that the conventional internal combustion engine must walk in this area in order to meet different power consumption. Firstly, because the hybrid engine has the assistance of the motor, its operating area is narrowed. The plateau has to be taken care of, and later it goes to the plateau. This is why the hybrid energy is saved, mainly because the internal combustion engine is running at a high level. The second is because the hybrid has the assistance of the motor, the power requirements are reduced, the internal combustion engine power and emissions It is required to require only economic emissions. Of course, there is no problem in emissions. The main reason is economics. Therefore, the hybrid power is given to the internal combustion engine to challenge the limit of energy saving because of the assistance of the motor. Therefore, the hybrid professional engine says that it has to peak. On the basis of the original care, because of the high efficiency and reduced power requirements, the potential for energy conservation has risen. There are both peaks and plateaus. This is what I said. So many of these energy-saving technologies used to Conventionally speaking, it is not easy to use, like Atkinson's cycle. In addition, we say that the hybrid engine is letting it knot. More simply, in the past, the conventional internal combustion engine was used to take care of all aspects, so the variable technology was used both for plain and high altitude. Now I don't need this variable technology. Its structure is simpler and complex technology is not needed. It can also be more compact, including the three-cylinder machine talked about today, so like this kind of car stroke, the rotary engine has the opportunity to develop in the hybrid. There is also a demanding high, how to switch the hybrid engine, it also needs to be done. Some of the work. And its low cost, compared to conventional gasoline engines, the hybrid engine structure is simple and the cost is low.
This is what the hybrid we are talking about actually gives the internal combustion engine a chance to regenerate, once to challenge the limit, I think this is a basis in this place.
In view of whether this hybrid internal combustion engine is a diesel engine or a gasoline vehicle, after I analyze it, I think it may be that the gasoline engine has this advantage in the future. The reason is very simple. Since this area runs from the plain to the plateau, its economy, the gasoline engine in this respect due to Challenge this limit to go higher, and the efficiency of the diesel engine is not much different at high speed. In addition, the gasoline engine has a high speed and is running. Its structure is compact, the power is better than the diesel engine, and the fuel is softer. Like diesel fuel compression, another gasoline engine's injection pressure is now one or two hundred, diesel engine one or two thousand, post-processing is also very complicated, so its cost also has an advantage, so I think the future hybrid engine is very obvious The advantage, this is the two points I want to say.
On this basis, let's take a look at the combination of hybrid and electric motors in gasoline engines. What are the opportunities? I think this configuration is well known. Hybrids are connected in series, that is, the engine is driven by a motor. In the area of the very house, the plateau peak can be used. Of course, parallel connection can also be adopted. At this time, the motor requirements are lower, and it can be driven by motor or engine. This parallel connection can also be mixed, like through planetary gears or hybrid. Also connected in series and in parallel.
P0, P1, P2, in fact, this motor can be put into the integration and motor technology, there are many choices, this choice also brings the engine can be very good, including if you plug in the battery with the battery There is also a lot of room for matching. How much is the mileage of the battery, 10 or 20 kilometers or 30 kilometers? There is a lot of room for cost, energy saving and emission reduction. This is the hybrid. It is a very high threshold, a very high technology, but it gives the internal combustion engine exactly the opportunity to complement each other and integrate with each other. This is why everyone thinks that hybrid power is a trend. This figure illustrates this problem.
I just talked about the engine. I look at the HEV map. If you want to choose a high efficiency as a company, then if you have requirements for power and compactness, then you can use supercharged, self-spraying. If my car hybrid is not so high-end, I may pursue cost, then you can choose the kind of natural inhalation, there are many choices, you can also use four cylinders, you can also use three cylinders, you are also two cylinders Yes, there are plenty of choices. The room for hybrids is very large and very rich. Let me give you an example. You use this kind of natural inhalation. This kind of self-injection is still turbocharged. The pressure is generally self-spraying. This is a trend that meets the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection. No matter which low energy consumption is chosen, it is an important goal. There are only different choices. There is no right or wrong, and the choice of different paths is the overall choice. In terms of self-spraying, there is room for adjustment of this supercharging degree. The coverage of different models of the company's products is relatively wide, and it has become a trend, including the fact that our Toyota used to dominate natural inhalation and is now developing. But from the spray, including Honda, including Europe, etc. So this is a choice, we also took a hybrid power to do the program this year, I am responsible for the development of the engine, now I started to start, I did an analysis, as a company naturally inhales and boosts the advantages and disadvantages of direct running, then you look at its power, economy, or see its entire cost, bulk? What is your original foundation for a business? If you are good at naturally inhaling, if you are good at self-injection, you should study your own comprehensive effects to evaluate, have different choices, time relationship, I don’t talk one by one. Over.
I just talked about the engine. I look at the HEV map. If you want to choose a high efficiency as a company, then if you have requirements for power and compactness, then you can use supercharged, self-spraying. If my car hybrid is not so high-end, I may pursue cost, then you can choose the kind of natural inhalation, there are many choices, you can also use four cylinders, you can also use three cylinders, you are also two cylinders Yes, there are plenty of choices. The room for hybrids is very large and very rich. Let me give you an example. You use this kind of natural inhalation. This kind of self-injection is still turbocharged. The pressure is generally self-spraying. This is a trend that meets the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection. No matter which low energy consumption is chosen, it is an important goal. There are only different choices. There is no right or wrong, and the choice of different paths is the overall choice. In terms of self-spraying, there is room for adjustment of this supercharging degree. The coverage of different models of the company's products is relatively wide, and it has become a trend, including the fact that our Toyota used to dominate natural inhalation and is now developing. But since the spray, including our Honda, including Europe, etc. So this is a choice we can choose, we also took a hybrid power to increase the program this year, I am responsible for the development of the engine. Now that we have started, we have also done an analysis. As a company naturally inhales and boosts the advantages and disadvantages, then you are looking at its power, economy, or the whole cost. Batch? Including your business, what is your original foundation, if you are naturally good at inhaling, if you are good at self-injection, you should study your comprehensive effect to evaluate, have different choices, time relationship with me Not talking one by one.
Hybrid booster is also a direction. How much is the increase? Is it 50 km or 60 km? Including whether you match the battery is more or less, there are many. But no matter how dominant this battery is, generally We routinely talk about the extended range, the engine is just a charging treasure, there is no mileage. When the point is used up, there is still some chance for our range extender engine. For the low power or even this kind of rotary engine, one cylinder, one row is three. The rotation of the cylinders, its cost is very high, how to choose, there are different possibilities, but no matter how our general investigation, it may be based on this small displacement, small cylinder speed, two cylinders and three cylinders The gas engine has an advantage, because it is relatively mature and low cost, but it is also suitable as a range extender. This is what we know.
There are a lot of people who think that hybrid engines have to match the existing engines. This is not the case. I am giving an advanced hybrid here. What kind of level will it be? Whether it is Toyota or modern, we include Volkswagen, they are all relying on 40, not 40 is not a special hybrid engine, how does this efficiency come from? You have characteristics, high compression ratio is not lower than 12, cylinder rate self-spray, including this low end Miscellaneous, reduce fuel consumption, a lot of technology must be used to improve, here is the introduction of advanced foreign hybrids, others do not give up, but combined with the hybrid power, let the efficiency of the internal combustion engine go up.
We look at the domestic, domestic is also a hybrid, the technical description also has supercharged, direct injection, integration, but you see its actual indicators, the efficiency is difficult to exceed 40, now understand the 30 is better, you see it The compression ratio can't be done by others. 13, 14, we are here at 11th. These real experts can see the problem at a glance. We have a gap. These things are not simple labels. I have to do special development, so let me show you what Toyota is doing, including what the Japanese are doing. Let me give you a typical example.
This is the Toyota Camry, this is 41 mass production, the conventional is about 35, 6 growth points have increased. I will focus on you to see some of its technology, here to see, how much? Then this has the engine The fuel passes through the cooperation of oil and gas. This is the core. Just now, if you have more exhaust gas, there will be no fire. The VVT technology is not when you want to open it. It has its requirements, including low friction technology. It is listed a lot. And he also uses it to take care of the cost-saving routine. In fact, if he does not consider the conventional flush 42, 43 is no problem. In 2018, I also participated in the engine of the university. Now even Hyundai has launched 43, so this I think we should learn a kind of technology. You see that you don’t do this core in a country. We are talking about no one in the trade war between China and the United States. How to form this rolling, let him not lose fire, including gas. To what extent, even the process of opening the intake valve should use the laser map to improve the efficiency of the airflow intake, 抠 details. This is what I think can't be passed, if it is just a concept to create a new energy China. Level Going up, I don’t think so, the electric car is the battery technology, the material technology is in the control, I think the engine is the same, this kind of burning, matching, you don’t do the fuel burning essence, you are not doing it, I am not There is no way to promote Toyota here.
Look at E-POWER, it is a kind of series. In the past, it was considered that the series is an extended range. In fact, this concept has been broken. The three-cylinder machine I just mentioned has an advantage. It is naturally inhaled. Now, everyone knows that the three-cylinder challenge is to challenge the noise to be able to do it. I think this kind of things like Geely, Chery, including SAIC should be able to do this, I think it will have very good effect. So This is about this, in addition, you look at it. This hybrid battery is 1.5 degrees, that is, the internal combustion engine is in a state for a long time in this process, but its cost is much lower, so in addition to the Prius in the Japanese market, he It is the best to sell. This also breaks the connection that the past thinks can't do this, gives us more space, hybrid power constantly breaks through people's imagination, and simply understands that an extended range has been extended. Break it, it is worth thinking about.
Finally, I want to talk about the trend. As you know in this picture, FCEV made a prediction in 2012, why the internal combustion engine is slowly decreasing, because the friendly regulations are in this place, so we have to recognize that you have a standard for large displacement. Place, you rise from 5 to 4.2 liters. This is challenging, but the internal combustion engine has not died in this process. Is it where it is? Even if it grows in 2040, it only decreases in proportion to the oil and electricity. The electric is gone, this is the technical requirement that the hybrid that I just talked about is higher. Isn't this an opportunity? Isn't this the vitality of the internal combustion engine? Of course, we also want to thank the electric motor for the internal combustion engine, which makes our internal combustion engine renewed, of course, electricity. In the short distance of the city, China's population density is also reasonable. The battery asks a question mark. Is there any electricity? China has to push it. Is it necessary? So this budget, this trend, look at the map over there, in 2015 we are at the same time. Found, it can be seen that the trend has not changed, but its quantity has changed, including the growth rate of electric vehicles is changed, this is in the process of change, I feel It’s still worth watching. I think it’s worth watching. Just 40, is there no space? No. This is also Toyota, including our engine, the hybrid will go to 45, 50, and where is the technical route. The compression ratio is increased by 17 and you are diluting and igniting. If you do not dilute the compression ignition, our Mazda means this. It can't be mixed partially. It is very easy to press with high mixing. It is very good control. This technology is still going. .
This is a picture I made myself. I think that the energy-saving and emission-reduction technology is spiraling. In the past, we did not talk about emissions. Later, we added fuel consumption to a little. We have another control, but now there is room for compression ignition. So I think the future internal combustion engine will be 45%, 50% is still something we have to do. Of course, recalling our topic today is the turbocharged direct-injection three-cylinder gasoline engine, which reduces friction loss, can improve mechanical efficiency and reduce fuel consumption.
In conclusion, Shuai Shijin pointed out that the combination of internal combustion engine and electric motor can complement each other. The traditional power in the future has strong vitality and is the mainstream technical route to meet the strict regulations of the future. In addition, the hybrid internal combustion engine is more efficient, simpler and more energy-efficient. Row, there is an advantage in the power change. Chinese cars further enhance the thermal efficiency, do not give up the development of traditional power, the future of China's automobile power has both transformation and upgrading, which truly reflects the country's core competitiveness, the state and enterprises do not simply give up , should increase investment.