5G has not been commercialized yet, has the 5G technology been developed?
On July 6, according to the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone), one of Japan's three major telecom operators, has successfully developed a new technology aimed at the 'post 5G era'. Short subject, but the transmission speed can reach 5 times (5th generation communication standard), which is 100GB per second.
The report quoted Nobuyuki Hideo, director of research at the NTT's Center for Integrative Devices, as saying, 'If you can achieve a communication speed of 100GB per second, you can download a DVD in less than a second. It may also create an unprecedented new service.'
It is worth noting that just the day before, on July 5, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications of Japan announced a strategic plan for the use of radio waves envisioned in the 2030s. As one of the revolutionary radio wave systems to be realized in the 2030s, Japan proposed 'Beyond 5G'. It is estimated that the 5G speed that will be put into use in mobile terminals in 2020 will reach 100 times that of current mobile communication, and the movie with 2 hours of time can be downloaded in 3 seconds. The transmission capacity of the next generation technology is expected to reach 10 times of 5G. the above.
At present, 5G, a new generation communication service that is 100 times faster than the current 4G communication service, has not yet been officially launched.
In June of this year, 3GPP of the International Mobile Telecommunications Standardization Organization officially approved the establishment of the fifth-generation mobile communication technology standard (5G NR) independent networking function. The first phase full-featured full-version 5G standard was officially launched, and the second version of the 5G standard was launched. The optimization direction focuses on the enhancement of 5G IoT application scenarios.
It is understood that 5G mainly has three types of typical business scenarios: Enhanced mobile broadband means faster Internet access, large-scale machine type communication means more access devices, and ultra-reliable low-latency communication makes driverless, telemedicine becomes Possible. According to the timetable disclosed by the parties, the trial commercialization of 5G will be realized in 2019, and the scale will be commercialized in 2020.
The above-mentioned Japanese media reported that the 'post-5G era' is a new core technology supporting the era of ultra-high-speed communication, and Japan's expectations are heating up.
It is understood that the high speed and large capacity of wireless communication are mainly realized by the following three technologies: one is to make more electric waves superimposed and transmitted in space; the other is to use a wider transmission path to transmit electric waves; the third is to put more information on Transmission on radio waves. NTT's new technology is based on the above two technical means.
Specifically, the report states that based on the first technology path, NTT uses a technology called 'OAM' to achieve a superimposed transmission of 11 waves equivalent to several times 5G. OAM technology uses a circular antenna, which will The electric wave is rotated into a spiral for transmission.
In this regard, Li Dou-hwan, the researcher of the NTT Future Network Research Institute, pointed out that 'the superimposed transmission can be realized because the radio waves that change the number of revolutions have the property of not interfering with each other'.
Superimposed transmission is not easy in the past. According to Japanese media reports, due to physical characteristics, if the number of revolutions is increased, the space of radio waves will expand, and transmission will become difficult. Although OAM research has been promoted by universities and other institutions, there are still ' It is difficult to superimpose a large number of electric waves alone's limit.
NTT has broken the theory of this limit, combining the technology called 'MIMO' used in 4G (the technology that spatially superimposes radio waves) with OAM. According to this idea, a separate technology has been developed. More than 20 methods of superimposing radio waves that are difficult to achieve. In the future, the superposition of 40 radio waves is also expected to be included in the field of view.
Based on the second technology path, the Nihon Keizai Shimbun reported that NTT has successfully achieved a very wide transmission channel of 25 GHz, which is about 30 times that of 5G. The name of the wild show is that it is ' Utilizing the 300 GHz band, a very high frequency band that has never been exploited'.
According to reports, the reason why the 300 GHz band was not used before is: First, the 300 GHz band is much higher than the 28 GHz band that is considered to have potential in the 5G field. Generally speaking, the higher the frequency band, the harder it is. Crossing the building and other obstacles, it is difficult to use in the field of wireless communication. Second, the wider the transmission channel, the more susceptible it is to noise. In this regard, NTT implements a circuit that suppresses noise by using a semiconductor of germanium and phosphorus compounds.
According to the report, the first and second technical paths are in the experimental stage, but they have successfully achieved 5 times of 5G, that is, 100GB per second of high-speed communication. In the future, if two technologies can be combined, 1TB per second (1TB ( 1TB=1024GB) This ultra-high speed communication will also be possible.