Industry insiders predict that the newly installed grid-connected PV installed capacity in 2018 will be about 30GW.
Experts believe that the rapid development of the optoelectronics industry in the past two years has largely benefited from policy subsidies. As a result, issues such as photovoltaic poverty alleviation, photovoltaic project fraud, and other issues have begun to appear.
"Notice" was regarded by the industry as a step-by-step "briar brake" for the photovoltaic industry, and it was even judged that the winter of the photovoltaic industry is coming soon.
With the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry, overcapacity in the photovoltaic industry, photovoltaic poverty alleviation scams, and falsification of photovoltaic projects have gradually emerged.
On June 1st, the Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, and the National Energy Administration jointly issued the “Notice on Matters Relevant to Photovoltaic Power Generation in 2018” (hereinafter referred to as the “Notice”), stating that from June 1, 2018, the newly commissioned Photovoltaic power plant benchmark on-grid tariffs uniformly reduced by 0.05 yuan per kilowatt-hour. A clear reduction in subsidies, limited scale is the basic idea of photovoltaic power generation in the future.
Industry insiders believe that the "Notice" not only gave the PV industry a "briar brake", but also indicated that the country's future supervision of the photovoltaic field will continue to strengthen.
PV poverty alleviation project scam
Photovoltaic poverty alleviation projects are mainly laying solar panels on the roofs of houses and agricultural greenhouses. They use their own power and have no access to the Internet. Farmers can use this electricity by themselves and sell the surplus electricity to the national grid. Through distributed solar power, each household Everyone will become a micro-solar power station. With the promotion of policies, photovoltaic poverty alleviation projects have also been rapidly popularized.
However, which projects are photovoltaics for poverty alleviation should be implemented by people. Many farmers are unaware of the situation.
Zhang Ying (a pseudonym), who lives in Ji County, Hebei Province, told reporters that in the first month of this year, the installer of a local energy company found her and said that they could install the power station for free. They only needed to rent a roof, and they could pay 1200 yuan for rent every year. Five years after installation. No need to pay electricity.
At the time of signing the agreement, Zhang Yingcai found out that the installation needed to open an account with the Jixian Power Supply Bureau and personally go to the bank for a loan of 80,000 yuan to build a photovoltaic power generation system. The loan term was 10 years. The monthly mortgage was repaid by the company, and the revenue from power generation was also After returning to the company and committing to repay the loan, the photovoltaic equipment is owned by Zhang Ying.
Zhang Ying worried: “If the company fails to repay on time, the company goes bankrupt or who has run to repay the money, how does the PV panel pay?” Zhang Ying did not choose to install, but she saw many people in the village already Solar photovoltaic panels installed.
For this phenomenon, many provinces have already issued notices for prevention. On July 26, 2017, the “Circular on Preventing Poverty in All Forms of Deception” issued by the Office of Poverty Alleviation in Shanxi Province disclosed similar scams: Some illegal organizations, The criminals organized in the poverty-stricken area under the banner of 'precise poverty alleviation' and planned various kinds of fraudulent activities. Some fraud companies claim that zero down payment does not require ordinary people to pay for installation. They only need to cooperate with the banks to sign a loan agreement and they can use their own roofs. Build a power station.
Industry insiders told reporters that these fraudulent techniques in the name of photovoltaic poverty alleviation will first sign a fake contract, then increase the contract price, fictitious down payment, use the bank’s 70% loan as their total income, and promise users 10 years of free use of electricity. And help users to make up for the month. After obtaining a bank loan, rely on the use of low-quality photovoltaic components and other low-cost equipment to earn user funds, quality is difficult to guarantee.
Subsidies become commons
In addition to the PV poverty alleviation scam, in recent years, some project units also obtained subsidies for PV projects through illegal operations.
One of the important reasons why photovoltaic projects are favored by local governments is that they can enjoy financial subsidies. On March 7, the Ministry of Finance issued the “Circular on Announcement of the Subsidy Catalogue for Additional Resources for Renewable Energy Electricity Prices (PV Project)”, clarifying that In the photovoltaic poverty alleviation project in the subsidy list of renewable energy electricity price additional funds, the Ministry of Finance will give priority to subsidy funds for poverty alleviation.
Yuan Jiahai, professor of the School of Economics and Management at North China Electric Power University, pointed out that the “Opinions on Implementing Photovoltaic Power for Poverty Alleviation” issued by the Energy Administration stated clearly that local governments also need to invest money as capital. As some poor households are concentrated in the region, the economy is lagging behind. Photovoltaic power plants Because of the large investment, some regions cannot afford it. At present, the funding gap of the National Renewable Energy Fund has exceeded 100 billion yuan so far, which is difficult to solve in the short term.
In order to resolve this difficulty, some regions have solved financial difficulties by attracting social capital.
2016, the National Energy Board, the State Council Poverty Alleviation Office of the first batch list jointly issued photovoltaic poverty alleviation projects can be seen at present, the proportion of centralized power plant loan capital and most of the 1: 4, the capital of 'government + enterprises' co-financing mode mainly funded ratio of the two different provinces and even different regions of the province vary, there are a few areas for government or enterprise fully funded.
However, due to the large amount of funds involved in photovoltaic projects, the difficulty of corporate loans is also a prominent problem. The person in charge of a photovoltaic company stated that he had previously issued a trip to a local country, and agricultural institutions such as Agricultural Development Bank and Agricultural Commercial Bank applied for a PV poverty alleviation loan respectively, either because of the loan amount. Small loans can not be made; or because banks are less exposed to photovoltaic poverty alleviation projects, and approvals are prudent and delayed; there are strict requirements on the subject of loans, and governments or poor households can apply for loans, but companies can’t. .
Ming Dao is difficult, some companies defrauded PV subsidies by means of 'darkness Chencang'.
According to a number of media reports, in 2016, the National Auditing Office disclosed in a special report that in 2014, Xiangxi Lantian Company undertook 4 Yingli Group 2012 Golden Sun demonstration projects and distributed in 45 companies. The auditing department verified the findings. There were 38 problems in 45 out of 45 sub-projects of Xiangxilantian Company, and the alleged fraudulent funding of Golden Sun was 266 million yuan.
The rule-of-law Weekend reporter did not find the original text of the above-mentioned special report. However, the National Audit Office of the National People'
The reporter noted that in 2013, the National Auditing Office issued the “5044 Energy Conservation Utilization, Auditing Results of Recyclable Energy and Resources Comprehensive Utilization Project”, which shows that from 2011 to 2012, it supported energy conservation in 18 provinces including Chongqing, Shanghai and Anhui. In the development of the environmental protection industry, the national government allocated more than 800 billion yuan in funds, which was earmarked for the construction of the “three projects” (energy conservation and utilization, renewable energy, and comprehensive utilization of resources, and energy conservation and environmental protection). However, 348 project units have diverted misappropriation. , falsely claiming 'three subjects' funds 1.617 billion yuan. Among them, the grant funds for the Golden Sun demonstration project totaled 8.149 billion yuan, and the cumulative subsidies for solar photovoltaic building application demonstration funds totaled 2.006 billion yuan.
In the table of illegal fund use and rectification, a variety of swindling measures are listed. For example, the project entity declares the application of optoelectronic building demonstration projects that did not exist at the time of the audit, fabricated false contracts and other information, and defrauded the central financial Demonstration project subsidy funds, or the application of the central financial solar photovoltaic building application demonstration subsidy funds or lending to individuals or other units or diverted for other purposes, repeated declaration of the project, overstated the construction scale and installed capacity, violation of the Central Financial Financial demonstration Project grant funds, etc.
For this phenomenon, many provinces have issued policy documents on the supervision of photovoltaic poverty alleviation projects this year. For example, the office of the Leading Group for Photovoltaic Poverty Alleviation in Shanxi Province issued “About further strengthening the supervision of the first batch of photovoltaic poverty alleviation projects in the 13th Five-year Plan”. "Emergency notice", Henan Development and Reform Commission issued the "Notification on the construction of small-scale photovoltaic power stations for villages in Henan province in 2017".
Excessive photovoltaic capacity
'The 'blood transfusion' for the photovoltaic industry is intended to stimulate its 'hematopoietic function', but at present some areas are fighting for a subsidy, and subsidy reductions are immediately overwhelming. This violates the original intention of the photovoltaic support policy. ' Yuan Jiahai said.
On June 1, the “Notice” jointly issued by the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, and the three ministries and commissions of the National Energy Administration clearly stated that this year's general PV power plant indicators will not be scheduled, including those that are clearly documented in previous documents and that can manage the scale of construction in the region. (Excluding Tibet). This year, about 10 million kilowatts will be allocated to support the construction of distributed photovoltaic projects.
The “Notice” was seen by the industry as a step-by-step “briar brake” for the photovoltaic industry, and it was even judged that the winter of the photovoltaic industry was approaching, and it was predicted that the newly added grid-connected photovoltaic installed capacity in 2018 would be about 30GW. From the 53GW in 2017 directly 'half cut'.
Yuan Jiahai believes that the rapid development of the optoelectronics industry in the past two years is largely due to policy subsidies. According to the "Energy Development Strategy Action Plan (2014-2020)" promulgated by the General Office of the State Council on June 7, 2014 and November 2017 On the 7th, the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration’s “13th Five-Year Plan for Power Development”, by 2020, photovoltaic installed capacity will reach 100 million kilowatts. In March this year, the total installed photovoltaic power capacity reached 140 million kilowatts, which has already been completed ahead of schedule. task.
'At the same time, however, the problem of digestion and absorption of photovoltaic energy and other clean energy power generation is also becoming increasingly serious. This not only results in the waste of resources, but also impedes the development of its industries. ' Yuan Jiahai said.
“Abandoning the light and rejecting the wind is also a common problem, and the reasons are also more complicated.” Yuan Jiahai pointed out that from a technical perspective, photovoltaic, wind power and other new energy sources are unstable due to weather, and the power supply process is extremely random and intermittent. For the dynamic stability of the receiver-receiver system has a great influence, in order to ensure the safety of the power grid must be equipped with thermal power peaking, resulting in lower utilization of new energy power, the grid is not willing to absorb new energy power for security reasons.
In addition, cross-regional transmission difficulties are a difficult problem to resolve the current production capacity. ' Yuan Jiahai said that China's new energy power concentrated development and production more in the western low-load areas. In addition to a part of the local consumption, many need to send out, and in the existing Under the power grid system and operation mode, it is difficult for the power transmission channel to meet the development demand of renewable energy power in terms of construction progress, transmission capacity, and transportation objects. And some trans-provincial (regional) power transmission transmission transmission links are numerous, and the transmission charges are high. .
In August last year, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the “Circular on Promoting the Trans-provincial Inter-provincial and Regional Power Grid Transmission Pricing Reforms” (Delivery and Reform Office Price [2017] No. 1407) to carry out inter-provincial cross-regional transmission tariff verification and promote cross-province cooperation. Trans-regional electricity market transactions.
According to Zheng Houqing, deputy chief engineer of the State Grid Energy Research Institute and director of the Energy Decision Support Technology R&D Center, cross-provincial cross-regional electricity prices have many problems: for example, hierarchical segmentation methods, and for transactions across multiple provincial companies, Accumulated transmission and receiving land prices are often high, affecting the realization of the transaction.
Yuan Jiahai pointed out that in the future, besides constantly improving the power system and breaking the regional restrictions, it is more important to enhance the ability of the western low-load regions to absorb electricity.
