On May 28, 2018, Yuan Longping visited the sea rice experimental field in Qingdao, Shandong, and delivered sea rice seedlings to the staff. Image Source: Vision China
On the 4th, the reporter learned from the Hunan Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Hunan Provincial Hybrid Rice Research Center that Yuan Longping, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, will carry the team to fully develop salt-to-alkali hybrid rice (sea rice) trials. Currently, the 'Technology Roadmap' has been form.
According to reports, more than 6% of the world's land area is currently harmed by salt and alkali. 19.5% of paddy fields and 2.1% of dry land in arable land have been affected by salt and alkali. In Southeast Asian countries, there are millions of hectares of suitable rice cultivation land each year. Due to salinization and discarding species, 15% of paddy fields in China are affected by varying degrees of salt damage. Along with climate change, sea level rises, irrigation and drainage systems are unreasonable, and underlying rocks rich in harmful salts, etc., global salinization The land area will continue to expand.
'Initiating sea rice research and the promotion of rice cultivation techniques in saline-alkali lands are of great significance to the realization of our strategic goal of 'collecting grain at the land, storing grain for technology' and ensuring that 'China's rice bowl must be in its own hands'. There are 1.5 billion acres of saline-alkali land, of which about 200 million mu have the conditions for planting rice in the sea. The hybrid sea rice research will be one of the important directions for our future hybrid rice research. It will not only increase the area of hybrid rice cultivation in China, but also solve the problem of Vietnam, Bangladesh. Seawater intrusion in other countries caused the problem of rice loss. ' Bai Lianyang, secretary of the Party Committee of the Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, told the reporter of Science and Technology Daily.
In 2016, Yuan Longping announced the launch of research on sea rice at the first International Rice Rice Academic Forum held in Sanya City, Hainan Province. Up to now, the team has used conventional techniques combined with molecular breeding to obtain a batch of higher yield and better resistance to resistance. Salt new combination. In 2017, a combination of saline-alkali hybrid rice cultivation was used to test soils in different salinities and in different ecological areas. For example, in 2017, 120 acres were planted in Jimo City, Shandong Province. Excellent 900', the soil salinity is about 0.6%, and the acceptance yield per mu is 396 kg. In the small area of Qingdao hybrid rice, the initial test yield is 620 kilograms per mu, which shows that the hybrid rice is in the study of sea rice. Advantage.
In the future, the Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center intends to focus on rice research in the hybrid sea, research on the utilization and mechanism of sea rice resources, parental creation and combination breeding, and strives to create original independent intellectual property achievements, and form a hybrid sea rice technology system to lead international hybridization. The development of sea rice. Specifically includes:
The main use of heterosis utilization technology, comprehensive use of distant hybridization, mutation induction, molecular breeding and other modern breeding techniques, breeding salt-tolerant CMS lines and restorer lines, selection of high quality and high yield of hybrid sea rice;
Establish a germplasm resource bank and a high-throughput phenotyping platform to provide materials, data and technical support for sea rice breeding;
The morphological structure of rice cells under saline-alkali stress, the absorption and utilization of mineral nutrients, and the differences in salt damage at different stages of development were studied physiologically to provide a theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of sea rice varieties.
In response to the selected seawater rice, supporting high-yielding cultivation techniques and saline-alkali land improvement measures, through agricultural informatization, remote sensing technology, improving the efficiency of fertilizers, pesticides, and water resources, and realizing the coordination of production elements such as soil, soil, fertilizer, and water. In the different types of saline-alkali lands, large-scale rice cultivation is improved and demonstrations are carried out to establish a sustainable green production model that adapts to different climatic regions, water and soil conditions, and planting systems.