Automobile steering system is a system that changes or maintains the driving direction of the car. It is very important for the safety of the car. Therefore, the parts of the car steering system are called security parts.
When a car is driving on a road, the driver steers the steering wheel according to the road conditions and traffic conditions to control the steering wheel and change or maintain the direction of the car. The mechanism used to change or maintain the direction of the car is called the car steering system. The system controls the driving direction of the car according to the wishes of the driver.
If the car is to be smoothly and lightly steered, two basic problems need to be solved. First, when the car turns, all the wheels need to turn around a steering center; Second, the hand force of the driver to steer the steering wheel must be increased in some way. There is sufficient force to deflect the steered wheels to a certain degree to achieve the steering of the car. If the car can be smoothly steered, the wheels will not slide, the steered wheels must be deflected in the same direction, and all the wheels need to rotate around a steering center to ensure that each The wheels need to rotate around a turning center to ensure that all wheels are purely rolling during the turn.
Automobile steering systems are divided into two major categories, mechanical steering systems and power steering systems. The system that is entirely operated by the driver's hand is called the mechanical steering system. The steering system that is controlled by the power is called the power steering system. The power steering system can also be Divided into hydraulic power steering system and electric power steering system.
To ensure the safety of the driver, the active safety technology of the vehicle plays an important role in traffic safety. Nevertheless, accidents may still occur during driving, and car collisions may occur. The passive safety technology of the car at this time provides protection for the reduction of injuries. The passive safety technology of the vehicle embodied in the steering control mechanism includes the airbag and the energy absorption steering shaft.
The airbag SRS is mostly mounted on the steering wheel. Its structure is mainly composed of three parts: sensor, gas generator and airbag system. The sensor detects the vehicle speed in the event of a car collision, the impact parameters, the gas generator releases high pressure gas according to the sensor instructions, or Detonate the solid fuel, instantaneously generate high-pressure nitrogen and quickly inflate the airbag. The airbag inflates to protect the occupant.
In addition to satisfying the normal functions of the steering shaft, the energy absorption steering shaft can effectively absorb the collision energy when the vehicle is in a frontal collision, and prevent or reduce the impact energy from injuring the driver.
In the event of a car collision, there will be two collisions. In the car under the action of the collision force plastic deformation of the front, the first impact of the steering direction of the driver's chest movement direction; With the car deceleration, the driver under the action of inertial force A secondary collision in the direction of the steering axis. The energy of the first collision is mechanically absorbed by the steering shaft to prevent or reduce its direct effect on the driver. The secondary collision, ie the driver's own movement energy, is partly caused by the restraint belt device. Seat belts, airbags, etc. are absorbed to prevent collision damage to the driver beyond human capacity.
In two collisions, if it is not a seatbelt, the secondary collision will cause far more damage to the driver than the first collision. In the urban area, the speed is slow, and the idea of not wearing a seat belt when the road is short is wrong. Because the accident occurred. At that time, although the speed is slow, the inertia force generated is relatively small, but it is still enough to make the occupants unable to control the body, collide with the hard parts of the car steering wheel, windshield, etc. and cause harm to the body again.
In addition, without the protection of seat belts, airbags simply cannot perform their functions and even bring even greater injuries. According to accident statistics, in a car accident that may lead to death, wearing a seat belt can make it in-car. The chance of surviving the personnel is increased by 60%. When a vehicle collides with a frontal collision, the in-vehicle death rate can be reduced by 57%. In case of a side collision, the death rate can be reduced by 44%. In case of a rollover, it can be reduced by 80%. Therefore, to ensure the driver and passengers Personal safety, the city traffic police department once again reminded: No matter when and where, whether drivers or car users, please fasten the seat belt according to the regulations, to ensure maximum personal safety of themselves and others.
