Solar energy is a kind of renewable energy, with large reserves, permanent, clean, pollution-free, renewable, and locally desirable characteristics. At present, the world's way of using solar energy is mainly light and heat and photovoltaic.
The photovoltaic industry was born out of the photovoltaic effect, which is the phenomenon in which light creates a potential difference between different semiconductors or different parts of a semiconductor and metal combination. In short, light energy can be converted to light through a material (photovoltaic cells). Electrical energy.
The photovoltaic industry chain includes silicon materials, ingots (pulling rods), chips, battery cells, battery components, and application systems. The upstream is silicon materials and silicon wafers; the middle reaches are battery cells, and the battery components are linked; downstream applications Systematic Linkage. From a global perspective, the number of companies involved in the six stages of the industrial chain has increased substantially. The photovoltaic market's industrial chain has a pyramidal structure.
The development of the world economy needs to be supported by energy. Under the alert of the oil crisis and the requirement of environmental protection, the development of the new energy industry has increasingly attracted the attention of the international community. The current electricity market is still dominated by fossil fuels, followed by wind power. With nuclear power generation, although with the advancement of technology, the production cost of photovoltaic power generation components has been continuously reduced, but at present the cost of photovoltaic power generation is still not able to achieve parity access to the Internet, so that the photovoltaic industry’s subsidy policy for the government still has a certain degree of dependence, which also constitutes A major obstacle to the development of the photovoltaic industry. Overall, the total amount of solar power generating electricity in the world is still small.
However, with the breakthrough in solar power generation technology in the past two years, the cost of photovoltaic power generation has gradually declined, and the proportion of photovoltaic power generation to the total global power generation also increases year by year. By 2050, photovoltaic power generation accounts for global power consumption. Of the 16%, solar power will become an important source of electricity in the world, and its market space remains to be released.
According to the data of the Prospective Industries and Investment Strategic Planning Analysis Report of the China Industrial Photovoltaic Industry Research Institute, the Global Photovoltaic Industry has maintained stable growth under the support of national government policies. According to statistics, the global photovoltaic power generation system was added in 2011. With an installed capacity of 30 GW, the cumulative installed capacity reached 70 GW. Following the explosive growth in installed capacity of the photovoltaic industry in Japan and Japan, the global photovoltaic industry has grown significantly year after year. By 2016, the global installed capacity of the photovoltaic industry was 77 GW, and the cumulative installed capacity reached 306GW, The overall development of the industry has a good momentum.
Source: Forward-looking Industry Research Institute
Judging from the situation of the global regional market, according to the report, in 2016, China ranked first in the market in terms of new and cumulative installed capacity. The newly installed capacity accounted for 44.6% of the total new installed capacity in the world. The cumulative installed capacity accounted for Total cumulative installed capacity in the world is 25.3%; Japan's cumulative installed capacity is closely followed by the global share of 14.0%; US cumulative installed capacity ranks third in the world, accounting for 13.8%; Germany's cumulative installed capacity ranks fourth in the world , accounting for 13.4%; India's cumulative installed capacity ranked seventh in the world, accounting for 3.1%, but faster growth, India will become one of the world's most promising emerging markets in the next few years.
In the future, as the world's energy structure shifts towards diversification, cleanliness, and low carbonization, governments will continue to vigorously develop the photovoltaic industry, and the photovoltaic industry will continue to maintain a relatively fast growth. According to forecasts, between 2017 and 2021, The newly installed capacity of the global photovoltaic power generation system will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 8.29%. By 2021, the global new installed capacity will reach 110GW, and the cumulative installed capacity will reach 768GW, which is an increase of 462GW from the global cumulative installed capacity in 2016.
With the continuous increase of China’s installed photovoltaic capacity, the amount of photovoltaic power generation is also rapidly increasing. In 2016, China’s grid-connected solar power generation amounted to 66.2 billion kWh, an increase of 72% year-on-year, accounting for approximately 1% of China’s total annual power generation. The National Energy Administration stipulates that non-fossil energy consumption accounts for 15% of the target in 2020. It is expected that China's photovoltaic power generation scale will maintain a relatively high growth rate in the future.
As a new energy industry with significant development value, the photovoltaic industry has the characteristics of clean, efficient, and sustainable use that have led countries to invest in the development and utilization of the industry. In recent years, the global photovoltaic industry has experienced a leap-forward development. The installed capacity has increased from 2.8 GW in 2007 to 75.4 GW in 2016. The huge potential of photovoltaic power generation has attracted more and more attention. In 2007, the cumulative installed capacity of photovoltaics in the world was only 9.8 GW, and it has reached 303.1 GW in 2016. Compared with 2015, the growth rate was as high as 24.8%. 2. Although the cumulative installed capacity has increased year by year, the cumulative installed capacity growth rate has slowed down in recent years, indicating that the global photovoltaic industry has shown a steady and rising development.
In 2016, the total output value of photovoltaic industry in China reached 336 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 27%. During the “Thirteenth Five-year Plan” period, the scale of China's solar power generation industry is expected to increase substantially. According to the scale development indicators provided by the National Energy Administration, by the end of 2020, solar energy The installed capacity of power generation is expected to reach 160 million kilowatts, and the annual power generation will reach 170 billion kwh. In the installed capacity of 160 million kilowatts, the total installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation accounts for 150 million kilowatts. It is expected that the photovoltaic industry will reach nearly ten thousand during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. Billion yuan market space.
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As a new energy industry with significant development value, the photovoltaic industry is characterized by its clean, efficient, and sustainable use, which has enabled countries to invest in the development and utilization of the industry. With the diversification of the world's energy structure, cleanliness and low carbon In the direction of transformation, governments of various countries will continue to vigorously develop the photovoltaic industry, and the photovoltaic industry will maintain a relatively rapid growth.
