With the continuous increase in the production of power batteries in China, the decommissioning of power batteries will gradually become a scale. After the decommissioning of vehicle power batteries, it is necessary to consider the issue of recycling. Then what obstacles will it encounter in the recycling process?
New energy vehicles develop rapidly under the dual support of the country and the market. The electric vehicle resource network learned that by the end of 2017, the sales volume of new energy vehicles in China has reached 1.8 million, which is more than 50% of the cumulative sales in the world. The source of the continuous supply of energy vehicles has also been driven by rapid growth. According to the data obtained by the Electric Vehicle Resources Network, China’s power battery production in 2017 was 44. 5GWh, an increase of 44% year-on-year. In 2017, the output value of China’s power batteries was 72.5 billion. Yuan, a year-on-year increase of 12%. With the continuous increase of power battery production in China, the decommissioning of power batteries will gradually become a scale. After the decommissioning of vehicle power batteries, it is necessary to consider the issue of recycling. Then in the recycling process, What obstacles are encountered?
What are the obstacles to the recycling of power battery scraps?
1. Power battery manufacturing and process are complex, difficult to disassemble
Power battery recovery, first of all to do a step is to dismantle it, but there are a variety of different power batteries on the market. In the forthcoming implementation of the new version of the electric car terminology standards, the battery is divided into three types according to the package, Including cylindrical batteries, square batteries and soft pack batteries, if divided by battery material, more. Each type of power battery has its complex manufacturing technology and process design, so the dismantling process can not be blindly automated This means that, in the case of a low level of automation, the dismantling process needs to be completed manually, and the technical level of each worker is not uniform, and the inconsistent technical level encounters a different type of battery. The difficulty can be said to be very high. Any mistakes in the dismantling process may lead to pollution or safety problems. Both of these problems are very dangerous.
2. The quality of the recycled battery is not uniform, and the processing technology is lacking
According to industry standards, when the battery capacity is attenuated to less than 80% of the rated capacity, the power battery is unsuitable for use in electric vehicles and requires step-by-step utilization. When the battery capacity decays to less than 20% of the rated capacity, it must be performed. Dismantling and recycling. During the recycling process, the quality of each power battery is different, and the data retained is not necessarily complete. This requires a specific inspection, which undoubtedly increases the cost of the recycling process. Also, different batteries The internal resistance characteristics, electrochemical characteristics, and thermal characteristics are different. The battery's inconsistency and reliability cannot be completely guaranteed. Should any of the batteries have a problem but not be detected, it will bring security to each subsequent recovery process. Risk. In addition, ladder utilization, although an effective means of recycling, can theoretically not be applied to batteries on electric vehicles and can be applied to solar and wind power generation systems, energy storage power stations, mobile base stations, low-speed electric vehicles, etc. The field, but the practical application of engineering, recycling and re-recycling process equipment and other aspects of China's technology is still very lacking.
3. High battery recycling costs, general economic benefits
At present, the output value of power batteries in the domestic market is high, but the economic benefits brought about by recycling are not so obvious. The electric vehicle resource network learned that a company that uses mechanical and wet recycling of used lithium iron phosphate batteries, The cost of recycling 1 ton of waste lithium iron phosphate power battery is 8540 yuan, and the income of recycled materials is only 8110 yuan, and the loss is 430 yuan. The reason why the power battery recycling has low economic efficiency is because of the current power battery in the domestic market. Most of them are based on lithium iron phosphate and lithium manganate, and the prices of their raw materials are lower than those of other power battery materials. In addition, the costs of labor and resource waste are also incurred in the recycling process. Very high. As mentioned earlier, due to the complexity of power battery manufacturing and process, most of the recycling and dismantling processes need to be done manually, which requires a lot of labor costs. In addition, because it is manual dismantling, the process is also easy There are mistakes, which leads to waste of resources and increased costs.
4. The recycling network is not yet complete, and relevant standards are not punished
It is predicted that by 2020, the amount of power battery scrapped in China will exceed 28,000 tons, which is approximately 20 times that of 2016. In the face of the upcoming power battery recycling tide, China's recycling network is not sound enough and the market has not been established. The effective recycling mode is not standardized. If the power battery is recovered by private companies that do not meet the relevant standards and regulations, it is prone to waste of resources, environmental pollution and other issues. If these batteries recovered by private companies flow into the market again, they will give People bring security risks. Moreover, even if the power batteries are recycled by the relevant recycling companies that meet the regulations, they will not receive any specific punishment if they fail to follow the prescribed procedures and standards during the recycling process. Take 2018. In February, the latest implementation of “Recovery and Recovery of Vehicle Power Battery Capacity”, which was recently implemented, only set a standard for power battery recovery and energy recovery testing. However, it did not establish a specific and effective incentive and punishment method. This cannot be guaranteed. Relevant power battery recycling companies can fully comply with relevant standards and regulations during the recycling process.
Before the arrival of power battery recycling tide, we should understand what obstacles will be encountered in recycling. Power battery recycling companies should also improve the relevant technology and implementation standards for each issue, so that our country's power battery recycling tide Safety, come standard, benefit from.
