Guidance expert: Director of Otolaryngology Department of Guangdong Maternal and Child Health Hospital Zou Yu Deputy Chief Physician
Peas has recently developed a bad habit. Old people like to rub their noses with their hands. As a result, they are much more jealous. One day, the nosebleeds are plucked out, scaring him to cry, and the mother on the side is scared. Panic, suddenly remembered the way to stop the nosebleed - 'raise his head and raise his hand', then quickly plug the nostrils of Dou Dou with paper towels, and then let him raise his hand, looked up, trying to stop the blood.
When encountering nosebleeds, many parents will use paper towels to help the child plug the nose of the bleeding, and then let the child lift his head or hands up in order to achieve the effect of hemostasis. In fact, this method of hemostasis is not scientific, simple Hand movements have little effect on nosebleeds, and when 'head up' stops bleeding, blood flow to the inside can easily cause gastrointestinal irritation and discomfort caused by nausea and vomiting. Especially when the amount of bleeding is large, it may cause aspiration. It is unscientific to block the nose and stop bleeding with a paper towel. The pressure of a tissue jam is usually not enough to achieve a good hemostatic effect. In addition, a tissue that has not been sterilized can easily induce infection.
The nose is prone to hemorrhage, mainly related to its anatomical structure, especially in the area of the capillaries in the anterior part of the bilateral nasal septum. The mucous membranes in this area are abundant and superficial. It is an 'easily bleeding area'. The child's nasal mucosa is very When the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity is dry and the nasal cavity is inflamed or stimulated, it will be more likely to bleed, but as the child grows up, the mucous membrane of the nose will gradually thicken, and the nosebleeds will also decrease.
For children, there are many causes of nosebleeds. Common ones include:
Dry nasal mucosa: In the autumn and winter when the weather is relatively dry, if you do not pay attention to maintain the indoor air humidity, the nasal mucosa is easy to dry due to capillary blood vessels become brittle and easy to rupture and cause bleeding.
trauma: Children are active and bounced, so bumps are inevitable. If one accidentally touches the nose, it can cause damage to the nasal mucosa due to trauma. In addition, children are in the stage of curiosity to explore the world. When you put some small things into the nasal cavity, it can also cause damage to the nasal mucosa.
Nasal diseases: If the baby has sinusitis, the nasal mucosa may appear erosion and cause bleeding, and when there is allergic rhinitis, the baby will like to rub it with his hands because of itchy nose, which can also cause damage to the nasal mucosa and cause bleeding.
Nose: When some children are bored, they like to rub their noses with their hands. Under long-term stimulation, they can damage the nasal mucosa and cause nosebleeds.
other: Adjacent organ damage, cardiovascular disease, hematological disorders, coagulopathy, severe cough, sinus surgery, and nasal intubation can all cause nosebleeds.
So, what should parents do when they encounter baby nosebleeds? How to avoid frequent nosebleeds?
1. Stable emotions: A small amount of nosebleeds is not harmful to human health. However, when the nose bleeds, the baby may feel nervous and even be frightened and cry, and crying will make the bleeding more serious. Therefore, parents try to appease the children as much as possible. Emotions, to make it as quiet as possible, to avoid crying, at the same time, parents should also pay attention to the stability of their own emotions, do not mess up the position, so as not to affect their baby's nervous mood.
2. Take seat, head forward slightly: Let the child sit down first, tilt his head slightly forward, so that you can understand the baby's bleeding situation, but also can avoid blood into the stomach, stimulate the gastrointestinal tract and cause nausea and vomiting and other discomfort, or cause aspiration.
3. Cold compress: When there is not much bleeding, parents can use cold packs or wet towels to cool their forehead and neck, or rinse with cold water and ice water to shrink the microvessels in the nasal cavity and reduce bleeding.
4. Tighten both sides of the nose: The nosebleeds of children are mostly near the frontal nostril, which corresponds to our nose. Therefore, the simplest and most convenient method for hemostasis is the oppression of the nasal alar method. The specific operation is to pinch both sides of the nose with the thumb index finger for 10 to 15 minutes. Left and right, if it is clear which nostrils are bleeding, it is also possible to directly compress the nose of that nostril.
5. If the above measures are taken, the child's epistaxis cannot be stopped, or the child has a large amount of bleeding, accompanied by paleness, cold sweat, rapid heart rate, mental deterioration, etc., and should be taken to the hospital promptly. Timely find out the cause of bleeding, so as not to delay the disease. In addition, if the child repeatedly nosebleeds, but also to the hospital to check to rule out the presence of rhinitis, nasal foreign body, nasal nasopharyngeal tumor or blood disease and so on.
6. During nosebleeds, pay attention to eat more fresh fruits and vegetables rich in vitamin C, drink plenty of water, and try to avoid eating something hot.
7. When the weather is dry, you can put humidifiers in your home and pay attention to letting your children replenish.
8. It is easy to injure the nasal mucosa by repeatedly blowing your nose. Therefore, parents should educate their children to develop a good habit of not picking up their nostrils, and develop habits of regular rest and rest, ensure adequate sleep, and improve the body's resistance.
