Wang Jian, a senior analyst in the global mobile phone industry chain, expressed to the Chief Financial Officer that the matter involved a very wide range, not just chips, but also software and technology. For consumer electronics, chips, mobile SoCs, Qualcomm and MTK, but Qualcomm accounted for a high proportion, especially in the high-end areas; the computer has the highest CPU monopoly, intel and AMD are all in the United States, and they are in a monopoly position; the IC of the panel and the share of Synopsys are also high; flexible OLED panel The Dow Chemical and UDC parts of the luminescent materials used in quantum dot technology are difficult to replace with other suppliers.
In general, China’s dependence on the United States in the manufacture of chips, panels, and semiconductors is relatively high. If the scope of the embargo is expanded in the future, the scope of influence will also expand. The government and companies must pay sufficient attention to doing so. Good defense.
Without the mastery of core technologies, the situation in which the industry is contained is more than just a case of ZTE. The soaring prices of memory chips since the second half of 2016 have also caused domestic terminal manufacturers to suffer. Although the Yangtze River’s storage is trying to achieve a breakthrough in China's memory chips, It takes time before the mass production of the real scale.
China is the world’s largest integrated circuit market, accounting for more than half of the world’s share, and it is also the world’s largest memory market. However, in the trillion-chip field, China currently relies mainly on imports. An employee of Yangtze River Storage stated to the First Financial reporter. Memory chips account for about one-third of the chip market, mainly divided into volatile memory and non-volatile memory, the former including DRAM and SRAM, which includes NAND Flash and NOR Flash.
DRAM and NAND Flash are two pillar industries of memory, and China relies heavily on imports. Among them, NAND Flash products are almost entirely from foreign countries. They are mainly used in mobile phones, solid-state hard drives and servers. NOR Flash is mainly used in the Internet of Things and has a low technical threshold. Chinese companies have basically grasped, but the application areas and market size are not as good as DRAM and NAND Flash.
Currently, Changjiang Storage as China's first enterprise to enter NAND memory chips can achieve small-scale mass production in 2018. By 2019, its 64-layer 128Gb 3D NAND memory chips will enter the stage of large-scale development. The above-mentioned employees of the Yangtze River Said that the first generation of product technology will be relatively backward this year, 'We mainly for the accumulation of technology, not a truly market-oriented mass production products. May be next year after our second-generation products come out, will be produced according to market demand.'
Why did China's chip industry develop slowly? Prior to this, at the 6th China Electronics Information Expo (CITE2018), Zhao Weiguo, chairman of Ziguang Group, attributed three major causes: lack of capital, lack of talents and lack of mechanisms. He believes that it is necessary to develop the chip industry. There are national strategies to promote, government support, and market-oriented enterprise operations. Now China's market, capital, and talent, that is, the entrepreneurial spirit of the three major forces together, it is possible to develop the chip industry.
Zhao Weiguo said that the six sectors of the chip industry are software (EDA tools), design, manufacturing, packaging and testing, materials, and equipment. At present, China's chip design is acceptable, but manufacturing is weak. The chip manufacturing is characterized by capital intensive talents. Intensive, technologically intensive, and globally competitive. Looking at Intel, Samsung, TSMC's Big Three, it is investing billions of dollars every year.
Not only mobile phones and other consumer electronic products, storage chips, flexible AMOLED panels, aircraft engines and other large-scale equipment, China is also subject to control.
As the 'heart' of the aircraft, every year commercial aircraft imported from China’s Airbus and Boeing Company need to be loaded with a greater number of engines. These engines are basically powered by the world's three largest engine suppliers GE, Luo Luo and Pratt & Whitney. Supply, which is monopolized by these three Anglo American companies.
The development of engines for civilian aircraft is very difficult and takes a long time to develop. It takes 15 years from development to production. Moreover, most developed countries strictly prohibit the transfer of aeroengine core technology to foreign countries, even among Western countries.
Although China’s military aircraft has been equipped with domestic engines, the new domestic boat 60, ARJ21 still uses foreign engines.
Zhou Jisheng, an aircraft manufacturing expert who has participated in the development of a large number of domestically produced aircraft, told the First Financial Reporter that compared with foreign engines, the gap between domestic engines is mainly in the aspects of technology, metallurgy, design, and manufacturing, compared with military engines. The requirements for safety, reliability, and economy of civil engines are even higher. Processing and manufacturing are also more complicated.
Behind this, many manufacturing facilities in China rely on imports, especially ultra-precision machining machines. The developed countries will not show the cutting-edge technology easily. Like the US Hubble Space Telescope, it was launched in 1990 and used to process Hubble. The ultra-precision machine tool of the space telescope mirror surface was already manufactured at the time. This type of machine tool is more than sufficient to machine aeroengine leaves. However, 20 years later, China is still struggling to explore.
The same is true for the panel and chip areas. Although China's overall LCD panel production capacity will exceed that of South Korea, many key production equipment for LCD panels is provided by US companies. The same applies to semiconductor manufacturing. Even if China has relevant technologies, foreign companies do not sell production equipment. Can not do it, even if it is sold to China is also backward generations of equipment. Therefore, what China really needs is to achieve independent research and development in ultra-precision machinery and equipment, innovation and breakthroughs.