Today, household appliances such as TVs, refrigerators, air conditioners, and washing machines have become inseparable from ordinary people's lives. More and more electronic products have been upgraded and replaced, and more and more electrical and electronic products have been replaced. Big data says: China The average annual number of scrapped home appliances is more than 20 million units. The recycling of used home appliances will enter a peak period and will grow rapidly in the next few years. It is estimated that by 2020, the annual power consumption of waste homes will reach 137 million units. What should we do?
For waste household appliances, it is said that the main channel is still a third-party recycling, and the number of household appliances that have been recycled in the old countries is relatively small.
In fact, many countries are faced with the difficulties of recycling of used household appliances. Is setting up a subsidy policy? Establishing a formal recycling channel? Or do we have to raise people's awareness of environmental protection?
Take a look at how different countries are doing.
1. Japan: Please God is easy to send
In order to discard an old home appliance in Japan, the first thing to consider is not how much money can be sold, but how much recycling fees should be paid by the relevant organization.
Japan’s “Household Appliances Recycling Act” and “Household Appliances Recycling Act and Other Recycling Activities” are used to manufacture TVs, refrigerators, washing machines and air conditioners. The four categories of waste household appliances and LCD TVs, plasma TVs and clothes dryers are manufactured. , Sales, Use, Recycling process has strict rules and responsibility and responsibility division:
1. The home appliance manufacturer is responsible for the recycling of waste household appliances, that is, establishing or renting a recycling factory;
2. Home appliance distributors are responsible for collecting and transporting waste household appliances to recycling factories;
Consumers will bear the cost of the above two measures.
According to statistics, Japanese consumers are required to pay about RMB 150 to an appliance retailer or post office before losing an appliance on average.
The user will then receive a receipt and post it on the old appliance before he can be handed over to the professional recycling agency on the specified date and place.
The recycling agency will then give the consumer a 'Appliance Recycling List' with a management number. Consumers can call the Home Appliances Recycling Center with the above number to confirm that they have been properly disposed of.
It is illegal to dispose of used appliances at random without payment.
The Matsushita Environmental Science and Technology Kanto Inc. (a company that can handle a variety of waste electrical appliances such as air conditioners, television sets, washing machines, and refrigerators) uses the factory as a public education classroom. People can clearly understand each other along the route of the second floor. The whole process of how household appliances are recycled.
Since 2011, the company has processed an average of 550,000 home appliances a year. Its dismantling, crushing, and refining of various plastic and metal resources are not only available for Panasonic and Mitsubishi Materials, but also for sale.
These inconspicuous old home appliances are actually 'embraced as treasure'. For example:
50% steel and 40% plastic can be disassembled in a refrigerator;
A TV can disassemble 57% of glass, 23% of plastic and 10% of steel;
A washing machine can dismantle 53% steel and 36% plastic;
An air conditioner disassembles 55% steel, 17% copper, 11% plastic and 7% aluminum.
In the manufacture of home appliances, there are strict laws governing the proportion of recyclable resources. For example, a television set must be designed so that its overall weight is more than 50% of the material must be recycled in the future. , This ratio of washing machines and air conditioners is higher, and the recyclability is 60% to 70% respectively.
2.Australia: Under the "Drop Waste Item"
In Australia, the City Council will have a unified arrangement for the disposal of different large-scale waste products in different regions.
Residents have a very good habit of discarding articles. If they can continue to use them, people will attach plastic sheets to the instructions, remote controls or batteries to prevent the dew from getting wet. Some people even put a sticker on the discarded article. A piece of paper, writing that the work is all right. Then on the grass on the sidewalk beside his house, on the day of the recovery of large items, the city council will naturally send garbage trucks to carry out uniform collection.
For items that cannot be used, the Australian government launched the National Computer and TV Recycling Program in 2012. The government has adopted a free attitude toward the public to deal with electronic waste. In 2022, the recovery rate of computers and TVs in Australia will increase to 80% or so.
3.Korea: To pay the 'deposit deposit' before leaving the factory
In South Korea, consumers make appointments through government-created call centers and websites.
For those larger appliances such as refrigerators, washing machines and other appliances, there will be special treatment. In 2012, this mechanism began in Seoul City and was widely welcomed. Since 2013, major cities in South Korea have achieved full coverage. Each year, the government saved KRW 4 billion in costs and achieved an environmental goal of reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 50,000 tons.
Korea has established a home appliance waste deposit system, which means that manufacturers pay a certain percentage of funds when manufacturing products. If they succeed in recycling the product in the future, the government will refund the money back. The Korean government also operates with three major appliances. The company signed an agreement to urge them to pay more attention to the recycling of used household appliances. At the same time, the product structure was simplified. For example, vacuum cleaners use 20 parts, and after simplification, only 7 parts are needed, and the recycling procedure is simplified.
Material upgrades such as computers, some insulation materials used in refrigerators, and many of the previously used materials are attached to the surface of home appliances. After being developed, the thin-film insulation material becomes easily peeled from the surface of the product and is more environmentally friendly.
However, if the appliances are sprayed with paint, it will be difficult to decompose 100%, so they will now avoid such operations.
For home appliance consumers in China, as the product iteration speed of various household appliances accelerates, the home appliance industry has entered the stock replacement market, and then refers to the retirement cycle of home appliances in China (10-15 years). The treatment is very vexing...
However, in China, not only does it have home appliance recycling policy support, but there is also a professional organization for home recycling, does it immediately feel that you are happy?