'From the perspective of the new energy automotive market, currently 55% of the market is pure electric passenger vehicles.' Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ouyang Minggao, executive vice president of China Electric Vehicles 100, said that with the users of pure electric passenger cars As the demand for cruising range continues to increase, the requirements for high-energy-capacity lithium-ion battery technology and charging equipment construction are also gradually increasing. In this context, charging intelligence will open up another space for energy intelligence and future-oriented development. It will be the new energy automotive product of 'Electric Vehicle + Driving Intelligence + Charging Intelligence', where the smart charging is a blue ocean for the development of the new energy automotive industry.
China Power News: In your opinion, based on the application requirements, what is the future direction of high-energy-energy lithium-ion battery technology?
Ouyang Minggao: Since the 12th Five-Year Plan, significant advances have been made in the study of high-energy lithium-ion battery technology for electric vehicles in China. The specific energy of the battery system has continued to increase and the cost has been declining. For example, based on domestically produced high-nickel cathode materials, especially NCM622 materials. At the end of 2017, the single-cell energy density of China's square-shell power battery has exceeded 200 Wh/kg. The new lithium-ion battery project undertaken by Ningde Times, Lishen, and Guoxuan uses high-nickel ternary anodes and silicon-carbon anodes. The energy density of the soft pack battery reaches 300 Wh/kg, and the performance index of some samples is close to the application requirements.
From an international point of view, before 2020, the goal of global power battery is basically to reach 300 Wh/kg. In this respect, domestic and foreign technology research and development are basically at the same level. However, research on battery safety needs to be strengthened. .
Next, high-energy lithium ion battery cathode material applications will mainly study cobalt-free, nickel-free materials. In the 400 watt-hour / kilogram high specific energy battery, the National Battery Innovation Center carried out lithium-rich manganese-based solid solution engineering technology research. Due to the high potential of lithium-rich anodes, oxygen must participate in the reaction to more than 4.4 volts. Traditional liquid electrolytes cannot be matched. A feasible approach is to use lithium-rich cathode materials in combination with solid electrolytes. Therefore, based on high-capacity lithium-rich anodes, high-capacity silicon carbon anodes Innovative solid-state batteries will become one of the important goals for the long-term development of power batteries.
In addition, high specific energy single cells are inseparable from the thermal runaway prevention and control technology. To completely prevent thermal runaway is very difficult, it is necessary to prevent thermal runaway from a system perspective. The same holds true for high specific energy lithium ion batteries. At the same time, it is necessary to emphasize Yes, safety is always the first priority for the development of high specific energy lithium-ion battery technology.
China Electric Power News: How is the current charging equipment configuration? What is the future development prospect of charging?
Ouyang Minggao: At present, the rate of privately-owned charging stations is increasing. The goal is 'one vehicle, one vehicle'. This is very important and should be dominated by vehicle manufacturers. In addition, the national public charging charging rate of slow charging charging piles is also Less than 10%. In the future, pure electric passenger car charging will be a combination of daily slow charge and public fast charging for private AC charging stations.
The private charging piles must compete for 1:1 and become the main body of charging. Before 2020, from the fast charge of less than 60 kilowatts to the fast charge of less than 150 kilowatts, it is recommended to promote the use of self-use piles, and to study each representative of high-power fast charge. Charging technology. From 2020 to 2025, the passenger vehicles will be charged and recharged quickly, suggesting a new generation of charging technology, large-scale demonstration and application of V2G, and all will be applied after 2025.
The future of charging infrastructure must be focused on the future. It cannot be 'turning cakes' back and forth. From the perspective of the next 5 to 10 years, the price of photovoltaic power generation in China is expected to be lower than the price of coal power. Distributed renewable energy will become an advantage energy. Therefore, The vision for the future development of charging will be the interaction between vehicles and electricity, and the use of distributed renewable energy and electric vehicle microgrids will help to stabilize the fast charge.
Under this background, future-oriented electric vehicles will be new energy smart electric vehicles, that is, 'electric vehicles + driving intelligence + charging smart' products. At present, there is more talk about driving intelligence, which is relatively hot, almost It is already in the Red Sea market. However, smart charging is still a blue ocean. It will trigger an energy revolution and open up another space for energy intelligence.
It should be noted that after the rapid charge rate is increased, the peak value of fast charging power for electric vehicles is very large. At the same time, renewable energy sources are also intermittent peaks. How to coordinate the interaction between the two peaks and reach a stable and stable grid must be studied and implemented as soon as possible. The problem.
China Electric Power News: Next, how can the new energy automotive industry achieve high quality development?
Ouyang Minggao: Currently, the overall energy consumption of electric vehicles on the market is generally high, which has great potential for energy saving. The significance of energy conservation is greater than that of fuel vehicles.
Electric vehicles in the world are increasing the driving range, while the increase in driving mileage depends on the increase in battery-specific energy. However, the entire vehicle manufacturer cannot throw all the electric vehicle technology upgrades into the battery factory. The core technology of vehicle integration is to reduce Power consumption. Power consumption is the most important manifestation of the integrated level of pure electric vehicles. Only by reducing the power consumption can it be possible to increase the driving range under the premise of reducing costs. This is the best way.
How to reduce power consumption? First of all, learning BMW i3, reducing weight, China's new energy vehicles generally biased. Then is to learn Tesla, to achieve low resistance. The third is to achieve high efficiency of electric drive. Foreign motor controller input The efficiency to the axle shaft can reach 92%, the current domestic level is generally 82%~85%. The fourth is to increase the braking energy recovery technology. This is very meaningful to reduce energy consumption.
The domestic brake energy recovery technology has made progress, but the actual application is weak and needs to be improved. The fifth is the thermal management. Under low temperature conditions, the new energy vehicle power consumption is 50% higher than the normal temperature operating conditions, in addition to research and development of low temperature battery Technology, a new generation of heat pump air conditioning technology, etc. should also pay attention.
