The blood vessels transport the 'nutrients' for the human body and spread throughout various organs. Among them, the artery supplying blood to the heart is called the coronary artery. The vascular cavity is stenosisd or obstructed due to atherosclerosis of coronary artery blood vessels, resulting in myocardial ischemia, hypoxia or necrosis. The resulting heart disease, called coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, is often referred to as 'coronary heart disease'.
The most typical symptoms of coronary heart disease are chest pain, angina, and more due to physical activity, emotional evoked, etc.; some patients also show heart palpitations, fatigue or gastrointestinal symptoms. In addition, there are some symptoms of 'atypical', often Not paying attention or being mistaken for other diseases, requiring special attention from the patient.
The heart does not hurt anywhere else
The heart has an innervation function. When the heart muscle is ischemic or hypoxic, the sympathetic nerve of the heart will send information to the brain. The brain will send a signal to the spinal cord and reflect the corresponding skin area to produce pain. This is what people often Angina pectoris is described. A typical angina attack is located after the upper middle segment of the sternum. It can also be located in the left precordial area. The range is about the size of the palm and there is often no clear boundary.
Angina attack can be transmitted through the body's visceral nervous system to other parts, such as the neck, gums, jaw, throat, heart, etc., This phenomenon is known as ectopic angina in medical practice. In the clinical, ectopic angina is very easy Being misdiagnosed as other diseases, such as angina pectoris radiating to the shoulders and arms on both sides, can easily be misdiagnosed as frozen shoulder and cervical spondylosis; backward radiation to the back, often misdiagnosed as thoracic spine, back muscle diseases, etc.; Neck, pharyngeal, jaw, cheeks and teeth, often misdiagnosed as pharyngitis, trigeminal neuralgia, dental disease and mandibular joint disease; downward radiation to the upper abdomen, often misdiagnosed as stomach, hepatobiliary diseases...
Because ectopic angina is relatively rare and often overlooked by patients, the doctor misdiagnosed and eventually delayed the diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease. It is recommended that patients pay more attention to repeated pain in the neck, gums, mandibles, heart sockets, and so on. Multiple examinations did not find the primary disease. In this case, we must consider whether it is due to coronary heart disease.
Wrinkles on the ears
In recent years, many scholars have found that there is almost a fold in the earlobe of a patient with coronary heart disease, commonly known as the 'earlobe coronary groove'. The earlobe is a terminal site, a fibrocellular tissue with no cartilage and no ligaments, and is susceptible to ischemia. Oxygen affects local contraction, leading to wrinkles. Middle-aged and elderly people should be alert to coronary heart disease if they find that there is a coherent and obvious line on the earlobe, accompanied by chest tightness, palpitation, and pain in the precordial area. Likely to go to the hospital in time.
In addition, investigations have shown that long-term tinnitus and hearing loss in the elderly are often caused by arteriosclerosis, coronary heart disease, transient cerebral ischemia, etc. Most patients have within 6 to 12 months of the onset of these symptoms. Coronary heart disease and other cardiovascular symptoms occur. The cochlea is more sensitive to ischemia and hypoxia. In most patients with tinnitus, tinnitus occurs earlier than angina pectoris. Therefore, if a person with high risk of cardiovascular disease has tinnitus, he or she can seek medical care early. Finding a heart abnormality.
Fundus blood vessels become thinner
Some people are told by doctors that the blood vessels in the fundus are fine when they look at the fundus. They need to pay attention to high blood lipids, coronary heart disease, and the risk of stroke. How can cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases be related to the eyes?
The human retina is very sensitive. It is the only body in the body that can directly and non-invasively observe blood vessels and systemic microcirculation. The distribution of bloodshots from the eyes, the congestion condition can tell a person's heart load. If the blood vessels of the human eye are fine, it is likely that Fundus arteriosclerosis, which means that the patient is more likely to narrow the blood vessels in other parts of the body, the coronary artery is also implicated. Research has shown that there are retinal vascular lesions (atherosclerosis, arterial contraction, etc.) With the combination of hypertension and hyperlipidemia, the risk of coronary heart disease and stroke will increase significantly in the future. Even by observing the width of the arteriovenous blood vessels in the eye, you can know the risk of death from coronary heart disease in the elderly.
Since fundus arteriosclerosis is a typical 'signal' of systemic atherosclerosis, it is recommended that patients with fundus problems be investigated for further cardiac problems. Older and middle-aged friends with hypertension and diabetes are advised to check the fundus once every 3 to 6 months. Find problems early and take targeted treatment measures.
Nausea, vomiting, alertness for MI
People with coronary heart disease are prone to have a myocardial infarction, but because people don't know enough about the MI, they feel that taking a break can ease them, or mistakenly judge them as other diseases, and delay the optimal timing of treatment. Research shows that if the heart attack occurs after the onset of myocardial infarction Arrived at the hospital within 90 minutes, to take appropriate treatment measures, the mortality rate can be reduced to 4.2% to 4.4%. If you do not reach the hospital within 90 minutes, the mortality rate will rise to 50%, visible time is life.
Therefore, patients with coronary heart disease should learn to determine the signs of myocardial infarction. In general, prior to myocardial infarction, the incidence of angina will accelerate, the pain of angina will increase, and the duration will become longer and longer. The method can be alleviated, but it does not work now. Some people will also be accompanied by nausea, cold sweating and vomiting. Symptoms will appear different times. About 40% of patients will have symptoms 1 to 2 days before the onset. Spring and fall and winter seasons are the season of high incidence of myocardial infarction; morning and morning 6 to 10 points are the period of high incidence of myocardial infarction; 40 to 60-year-old middle-aged people are at high risk; elderly patients with myocardial infarction is not typical signs, prone to pump failure and Cardiac shock and other serious complications, and high mortality, need to be highly valued.
When a patient has a myocardial infarction, he or she must be allowed to lie in bed. The family members should promptly call the emergency phone. Do not move the patient casually. The patient should not be allowed to walk to the hospital. The patient may be given nitroglycerin at the normal dose; for coronary heart disease In patients with history, there is a high degree of suspicion of an acute myocardial infarction attack. The patient can immediately take (chewing) 300 milligrams of aspirin to prevent thrombosis. Immediately after the drug is delivered, the patient is transferred to a conditional hospital and the patient's pulse is observed closely. Subtle and irregular, there is no pulse, breathing is intermittent, convulsions, etc., CPR should be performed immediately until entering the hospital.
Severe coronary heart disease patients require revascularization therapy: including coronary artery bypass grafting (commonly known as 'bridge') or percutaneous coronary intervention (commonly known as 'scaffold'). Percutaneous coronary intervention, previously known as Percutaneous coronary angioplasty refers to dilating narrow coronary arteries by various methods via a catheter to achieve stenosis and improve myocardial blood supply.
Preventing diseases first changes bad habits
With the improvement of living standards, high intake of high-fat and high-sugar foods, lack of exercise, obesity, smoking, etc. More and more people suffer from coronary heart disease. To prevent diseases, it is recommended to: 1. Develop good habits, do not smoke 2. Regular exercise, maintain weight, reduce the occurrence of three highs; 3. Maintain stable blood pressure, ideal blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg; 4. Maintain normal blood lipids, low-fat diet, moderate exercise; 5. Maintain blood sugar, Prevention of diabetes; 6. For those who already have coronary heart disease risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, etc.), it is recommended that long-term use of drugs to prevent the occurrence of coronary heart disease; 7. Peace of mind and peace, do not give yourself too much pressure; 8. Keep warm and avoid cold and hot.
