Lumbar disc herniation is one of the most common diseases in orthopaedic outpatient clinics. It is also the most common cause of lumbar and leg pain. The patient population ranges from young students to elderly people. From the imaging diagnostic point of view, lumbar disc herniation is common to almost every adult. , Only if it is severe to a certain extent, it is called lumbar disc herniation and needs treatment. The main judgments of the disease are based on two points: First, symptoms and signs; Second, imaging examination. The two are complementary to each other.
The common lumbar disc herniation is due to the posterior protrusion of the nucleus pulposus of the lumbar intervertebral disc, which presses against the nerves that govern the legs, resulting in symptoms of the affected area of the corresponding leg, such as pain, numbness, weakness, or even urinary tract disorders, which increase progressively by severity. They may be accompanied at the same time, or they may have numbness symptoms at the beginning, but only one-time pain occurs, but their recovery effect is different. Take surgery as an example, the pain symptoms will be reduced by 80% ~ 90 immediately after surgery. Symptoms of numbness gradually decrease within half a year to one year after surgery, but a small numbness area may remain; Lower limb weakness symptoms may take 3 to 4 years to partially recover; The most serious urinary and urinary disorders can not be restored after surgery Certainly, so once the symptoms of lower extremities occur, they should be evaluated as soon as possible by the hospital.
Nuclear magnetic resonance can clearly show the prominent segment, the extent of intervertebral disc degeneration, the prominent direction of the nucleus pulposus, and the important part of the nerve compression site. It is currently the best method of examination for lumbar disc herniation. Although MRI can be well It shows that the high water content of the intervertebral discs, nerves and other important structures, but the calcification of tissue but 'seeing'. Therefore, if you need surgery, patients generally need to check the lumbar spine CT.
So, what degree of lumbar disc herniation should be surgery? Its surgical indications are: The lumbar disc herniation segment is consistent with the symptomatic segment, and the conservative treatment is not effective. Of course, these surgical indications are the bottom line, if This is even more serious and there is no doubt that surgery is needed. For example, there are two absolute surgical indications: 1. Cauda Equinia Syndrome: saddle area (the part that touches the seat while riding a bicycle) numbness of the skin, loss of sensation, or dysfunction of urine and stool (Constipation or incontinence); 2. The loss of muscle strength of the corresponding nerve roots. Spinal endoscopy is one of the most important methods for minimally invasive treatment of lumbar disc herniation. It requires only a 7 mm incision to remove the oppression under visible conditions. Nerve root protrusions.
For people who have not developed severe lumbar disc herniation, they should pay attention to their care and prevention from daily life.
Attention to sitting posture. Many students or white-collar workers are studying or working all year long. Once sitting in the wrong position, such as bowing and hunching, it is easy to suffer from lumbar intervertebral disc disease. Therefore, you must adjust your sitting position. Usually, you should sit best, upper body quite. Straight, and it should be noted that the chair cannot be too high. Also, avoid watching TV, reading books, playing with mobile phones, etc.
Work and rest. Many people tend to get busy and forget to rest. When they sit and sit, they don't bend down. As time goes by, it hurts the spine. Usually, for a while, to relieve fatigue, you should stand up and stretch. Let the body relax naturally.
Strengthen exercise. Usually we should strengthen back muscle training, increase the inherent stability of the spine, long-term use of waist circumference, especially need to pay attention to exercise back muscles, to prevent the consequences of atrophic muscle atrophy. If you need to bend to retrieve 4. It is best to use hip flexion and knee flexion to reduce the pressure on the lumbar disc.
Maintain the hardness of chairs and beds. Everyone likes a soft and comfortable living environment. However, if the chair or bed is too soft, it can easily cause muscle relaxation and the body is easily deformed. This not only affects the beauty of the figure but also induces many symptoms of cervical and lumbar spine.
