1. Huawei leads, China's independent research and development of high-end storage has accounted for 60% of the local market;
Without it, life will be a mess: The savings will be lost, the phones will be lost, and the machines will be paralyzed - storage technology is the cornerstone of modern society. In the high-end storage industry competition, China is breaking the monopoly of the United States and Japan.
Due to the breakthrough in high-end storage, on March 26th, the Guangdong Grand Prize for Technology 2017 was awarded to Huawei. It was commented that the high-end storage system is a core facility of the national strategic industry, and the efforts of Huawei and other companies are making up for China. Short board.
Grab the local market
From tape drives to solid-state drives, the bottleneck of computer speed and reliability has been on storage devices for 70 years.
Luo Haoyuan, an investment partner of Zhongyue Jinqiao Investment Group, told the reporter of Science and Technology Daily: 'The United States is far ahead in this field. The high-end storage market share is basically divided among five companies: Dell EMC, NetApp, HP, Hitachi and IBM. Many commercial scenarios require extremely reliable data retention. Newcomers have a hard time getting a share.'
'In the past, high-end storage used by Chinese users was basically foreign brands, and the most important data were stored on it. For the sake of information security and lower maintenance costs, many Chinese users hope to achieve domestic alternatives.' Hangzhou Hongshan Technology Li Zhi, president of the company’s stock company, said.
In this context, in recent years, Chinese companies have made a breakthrough in the domestic market to achieve alternatives. Li Zhi said: 'Five years ago, China's storage market, the share of domestic enterprises does not exceed 10%, and now accounts for more than half.'
According to statistics of the authoritative organization IDC last year, domestic storage brands accounted for 60% of the domestic enterprise market, Huawei was the first name, Hikvision, Inspur and Dawn were also outstanding; North-east Guangshen and other economically developed regions, users are more rational, also More willing to support the storage of localization.
Core areas began to replace imports
At present, domestic high-end storage has entered the financial core system of some major domestic banks - used by the bank's headquarters, which symbolizes the highest reliability.
On the Chinese New Year, everyone had to buy train tickets. 12306 became the most pressured system in China. Now, the 12306 ticket electronic payment platform uses the products of Hong Shan. In the general fields such as Sinopec and Guodian, we have been working with many international companies. Do the same level, and be more adaptable to local users than they are. ' Li Zhi said.
'Competing with foreign products, to use the original one hundred dollars to do things, do better with fifty dollars, but also a reasonable profit. Chinese products can do this.' Li Zhi said.
From zero to yes, from good to good
Thanks to continuous state funding and support, Chinese companies have made continuous progress in the high-end storage sector and are expected to compete with high-performance computing and servers to compete with international giants. In November last year, the authoritative Gartner high-end storage key capability rankings. Huawei showed its prominence in various scenes and ranked second to fifth. In the past, this list was dominated by the United States and Japan.
The reporter learned from Huawei that in 2012, Huawei's National 863 Program's “Massive High-End Storage Systems for the Next Generation” project passed the acceptance test and began to lay out the high-end storage industry. Since 2013, Huawei has invested more than 400 million yuan to tackle high-end research. Storage systems. Currently they have a 3200 people, distributed in the storage technology team.
In recent years, under the background of policy support, all aspects of storage technology have made breakthroughs; at present, China’s entrepreneurs have achieved zero-to-zero accumulation in technologies such as storage media, computing chips, and operating software. There is ', is achieving 'from good to good'.
For example, NAND and DRAM memory chips, which are indispensable for computer storage, have no domestic products in the past. This year, Ziguang’s investment in domestically produced memory is about to be listed on a large scale. This not only means that China has autonomous and controllable memory, but also indicates that China will share this. A market dominated by Japan and South Korea. The domestic Feiteng chip also replaced the Intel chip in some special-purpose high-end storage devices, ensuring independent controllability.
'From available to easy to use, we must rely on the market to drive. But entering the market, it is difficult to exist as a separate part, it must be an ecosystem.' Li Zhi said that foreign giants not only have strong integration capabilities and top-level design capabilities, but also create their own As the center of the ecosystem, there is a very high user influence; and the ecological system of China's storage companies is also forming. Science and Technology Daily
2. Ministry of Finance: Eligible IC manufacturing companies are exempt from corporate income tax for the first five years;
Abstract: The Ministry of Finance: This year, newly established integrated circuit manufacturing companies or projects with a line width of less than 65 nanometers or an investment of more than 15 billion yuan and a business period of 15 years or more have been exempted from corporate income tax for the first five years. The department issued the “Regarding Corporate Income Tax Policy on IC Manufacturing Enterprises”, and after January 1st, 2018, newly established integrated circuit manufacturing companies or projects with a line width of less than 130 nanometers and an operating period of more than 10 years, the first year In the second year, the enterprise income tax will be exempted. In the third to fifth years, corporate income tax will be halved according to the statutory tax rate of 25%, and will enjoy the expiration date. The line width of newly-built ICs after January 1, 2018 is less than An IC manufacturing enterprise or project with an investment of 65 nanometers or more than 15 billion yuan, with an operating period of 15 years or more, is exempt from corporate income tax from the first year to the fifth year, and a statutory tax rate of 25% from the sixth year to the tenth year. Acquire corporate income tax at half, and enjoy until expiration.
The full text is as follows:
Provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, State Planning Bureau of Finance (Bureau), State Administration of Taxation, Local Taxation Bureau, Development and Reform Commission, Industrial and Information Management Department, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Finance Bureau, Development and Reform Commission, Industrial and Informatization Committee :
In order to further support the development of the integrated circuit industry, we hereby notify you of the relevant corporate income tax policy issues as follows:
First, after January 1, 2018, newly-built integrated circuit manufacturing companies or projects with a line width of less than 130 nanometers and an operating period of more than 10 years are exempt from corporate income tax from the first year to the second year. In the fifth year, the enterprise income tax is halved according to the statutory tax rate of 25%, and it is valid until the expiration of the period.
2. After January 1, 2018, newly-built integrated circuit manufacturing companies or projects with a line width of less than 65 nanometers or an investment of more than 15 billion yuan and an operating period of 15 years or more will be exempted from the first year to the fifth year. 5. Employer's income tax is levied at half the statutory tax rate of 25% from the sixth to the tenth year, and enjoys the expiration date.
3. For the enjoyment of Article 1 and Article 2 preferential tax policies for IC manufacturing companies, the preferential period will be calculated from the profit-earning period of the company; for those who enjoy the above-mentioned preferential treatment according to integrated circuit production projects, the preferential period will be obtained from the project. Calculated from the tax year of a single production and operation income.
Fourth, to enjoy the IC manufacturing project of Article 1 of this Circular and the second preferential tax policy, its main enterprises shall meet the conditions of integrated circuit manufacturing enterprises, and be able to conduct separate accounting, calculation, and reasonable amortization of the costs of the project. .
V. IC manufacturing companies established before December 31, 2017 that are not profitable but whose line width is less than 0.25 micron or whose investment amount exceeds 8 billion yuan, and whose operating period is more than 15 years, will be the first year since the profit-making year. In the fifth year, the enterprise income tax will be exempted. In the sixth to tenth years, corporate income tax will be levied at half the statutory tax rate of 25%.
6. An integrated circuit manufacturing company with IC line width less than 0.8 micron (inclusive) established before December 31, 2017 shall be exempt from corporate income tax for the first year to the second year of the profit-making year. In the fifth year, the enterprise income tax is halved according to the statutory tax rate of 25%, and it is valid until the expiration.
VII. The scope and conditions of integrated circuit manufacturing enterprises enjoying the preferential tax policies as stipulated in this Circular shall be notified in accordance with the Notice of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the Ministry of Finance and State Administration of Taxation on the issues concerning the preferential corporate income tax policies for software and integrated circuit industries ( Article No. 49 of Caishui (2016) No. 49) Article 2(2) of Article 49 of Document No. 49 of Caishui (2016) was adjusted to 'have a labor contract relationship or labor dispatch, employment relationship', (3) The ratio of total annual research and development expenditures paid by the mid-level final settlement and payment to the total sales (business) income of the enterprise (the sum of main business income and other business income) is adjusted from 'not less than 5%' to 'not less than 2%' At the same time, companies should continue to strengthen their research and development activities and continuously improve their research and development capabilities.
VIII. The related management problems of integrated circuit manufacturing enterprises or projects enjoying the aforesaid corporate income tax incentives shall be governed by Document No. 49 of Caixi [2016] and the relevant regulations of the State Administration of Taxation on the implementation of preferential corporate income tax policies.
9. This notice will be implemented from January 1, 2018. Ministry of Finance
3. Nanoscience breakthrough! Scientists will first synthesize high entropy alloy nanoparticles with 8 elements
A giant breakthrough in the field of nanoscience! For the first time, American scientists successfully combined up to eight kinds of metal elements that cannot be mixed together to form a uniform nanostructure, called high-entropy alloy nanoparticles. How powerful is this? Nanoparticles that combine more than 3 elements.
In the past, scientists were not convinced that it was possible to compress multiple elements into a single material. It was very difficult to mix and compress different elements into individual particles, but came from the University of Maryland, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Illinois at Chicago and Johns Hopkins University. The researchers have demonstrated that they can combine up to 8 different metallic elements to form high entropy alloy nanoparticles with uniform crystal structure.
You can imagine that the nanoparticles formed by combining different elements are like Lego toys. If you only have 3 colors or sizes of elements, the final composition and structure are also limited to some forms. But it is made of 8 metal elements. The nanoparticles are like expanding the toy box several times. You can freely create more toy combinations in it.
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are alloys of 5 or more equal amounts of approximately equal amounts of metals, and have a considerable degree of material science engineering due to their potential for many desirable properties. Attention. In the past, the main metal components in the alloy may be only 1-2, for example, iron-based, and then adding some trace elements to enhance its characteristics, the result is an iron-based alloy. High entropy alloys and general alloys are different, combined A variety of metals but not brittle.
The study was led by Liangbing Hu, an assistant professor of materials science and engineering at the University of Maryland. He said that this new type of high-entropy nanoparticles has a wide range of applications, especially catalysts for emerging energy environmental technologies, as well as energy storage (batteries or supercapacitors), and biotechnology. / Plasma imaging.
The high-entropy alloy nanoparticle manufacturing process uses a two-step method of instantaneous heating followed by instant cooling, exposing platinum, cobalt, nickel, copper, iron, palladium, gold, tin and other metal elements to a temperature of about 3,000°F (about 1650°C). In the next 0.055 seconds, the elements are mixed evenly and then cooled instantly to make the elements stable to form unique nanomaterials that are next to each other, such as nickel atoms next to nickel atoms, copper atoms, and platinum atoms. This physical method is simple. Just no one applied it to the manufacture of nanoparticles.
In order to explore the potential use of new nanoparticles, the researchers used them as advanced catalysts for ammonia oxidation reactions. The results confirmed that they possess highly efficient catalyst properties, and the ammoxidation reaction reached 100%.
In fact, this thing is too new, and even researchers are not sure of the ability to use all the fields of this high entropy alloy nanoparticle. Materials science textbooks only discuss the use of alloys consisting of three different elements. 》Journal. TechNews