In various photovoltaic WeChat groups, QQ groups are often flooded with such information:
You may already be numb to such “discarded” recycling information, but when this kind of information is ubiquitous, it means that recycling defective photovoltaic modules (hereinafter referred to as degraded modules) has formed a huge industrial chain. Profit-driven, a lot of How do retired degraded components have been subtly digested? Where did they ultimately go? Who else pays for such products without knowing it?
What is a downgrade component?
Simply speaking, degraded components are products that have defects in appearance and performance that do not meet the normal product quality standards. The peak power of these components can be guaranteed at the factory, but the consistency of the components under different loads, the stability of attenuation, and the temperature Sensitivity cannot be guaranteed.
Photovoltaic power plant systems use degraded components, which do not affect power generation in the short term. However, over time, the reduction in power generation of photovoltaic modules may be quite frightening. Compared with Grade A quality products, Class B and Class C degradation components can be reduced. 10% -20% of power generation, significantly reducing investor returns.
Currently, each component manufacturer cannot achieve 100% yield of A-level components per production line. There will be a downgrade component probability of about 0.5%. These components are generally sold at a reduced price, or they are processed by rework, which is also a downgrade. Component recycling industry 'rising' source.
Where are the downgrade components flowing?
According to the author's survey, the use of recycled products by degraded component recyclers is very subtle, but in general, the final flow of downgraded components is nothing more than the following:
1, household photovoltaic market
2, Middle East, Africa and some other photovoltaic power station projects
3, solar street lights and other government procurement projects
Among them, the small-scale distributed photovoltaic market is the main battleground for degraded components. At the moment, national policies and subsidies are constantly tilting towards distributed power plants. The distributed market, especially the domestic photovoltaic market, is getting hotter and hotter. More and more ordinary people are starting to install homes. Photovoltaic systems. At the same time, various small and medium sized PV integrators emerged in an endless stream, and price competition became fiercer. Some SMEs continued to squeeze product prices in order to seize market pressure, and the use of sub-products was the main reason for them to increase profitability. means.
On the other hand, low-quality PV-powered poverty alleviation power stations are being built on a large scale in China. A large number of irresponsible manufacturers are applying some degraded PV modules to PV power plants, including some first-line manufacturers!
The proliferation of degraded components, the small distributed photovoltaic market is the hardest hit by the downgrade components, and it needs to arouse the industry's vigilance.
Why are downgrade components prevalent?
First of all, domestic PV installers have insufficient expertise and can not judge the level of components at all, nor do they know the effect that different grades of PV modules will have on the power plant system. The understanding of photovoltaic systems by ordinary users depends almost entirely on the installer’s description. Some installers choose to use downgrade components for profit.
Secondly, photovoltaic systems with degraded components have an 'unbeatable' price advantage. In general, high-quality photovoltaic systems are quoted at prices of 8-10 yuan per watt, and systems using downgrade components and other inferior products can be priced as low as 6 yuan. The main reason is that the purchase price of inferior products is low, and the difference between Class A and Class B components in the market can reach up to RMB 2. If the Class C components are used directly, the price difference is even greater. However, for ordinary people, it is impossible to use the naked eye. Differentiating the system quality, it pays more attention to the system price, and tends to install low-cost systems.
The widespread application of secondary products has made it impossible to guarantee the power generation capacity, reliability, and operation and maintenance of the power plant. This not only threatens the stable operation of the power plant for 25 years, but also induces industrial investment credit crisis and various collateral effects. Market, owner As the trust in photovoltaics is reduced, the development of the industry is bound to be greatly affected.
Home system installation suggestions
Photovoltaic industry products are fiercely competitive. First-line manufacturers are consolidating their profits to meet sales targets under the premise of ensuring quality. In the case of relatively transparent industry prices, the prices of first-tier manufacturers are almost the same, and they can be purchased at very low prices. To the components and equipment, the quality can be imagined. Many components have no warranty, or defective or degraded components, the product has not used for two years, the system has a problem, or can not run, or the component attenuation, power generation significantly decreased If you have not yet returned to the photovoltaic system, do you dare to install it?
Home systems must ensure 25 years of revenue. Obviously, after-sales problems can not be ignored. After-sales services include system operation, maintenance and replacement, technical services, etc. Photovoltaic power generation is a very professional type of work, and the technical requirements are relatively high. Spectrum's manufacturers will be equipped with professional qualified personnel to provide professional after-sales services. However, if users are eager to choose small-brand installers, integrators do not have their own professional qualifications, and the key half-marathon people have little knowledge of photovoltaic power generation. Who is the problem?
Professional manufacturer's product prices will inevitably add design costs, labor costs, and after-sales costs. The system price is naturally higher than that of small manufacturers. Xiaobian recommends that you choose a well-known brand photovoltaic system, and product quality and after-sales maintenance are guaranteed.
