The huge financial subsidies have always been the government's support for the rapid development of a certain industry. With the support of the policy, in just five years, the wind power industry in China has realized the curve overtaking, and the development of wind power in China is faster than the imagination.
However, in recent years, the wind power industry has gradually moved out of the fast lane. Under fierce competition, the price of wind turbines has fallen, and the profitability of enterprises has been severely squeezed.
Decentralized wind power "Money" is whereabouts? Offshore wind power, why is it difficult to achieve 'foreign technical weaning'? Upstream prices, wind power industry downstream prices will break through innovation?
The National People’s Congress delegate focused on wind power technology research and development, and Zhao Ping, the chief engineer of the research and development department of Dongfang Electric Wind Power Co., Ltd., as a front-line wind power researcher, has a more direct impression on the current status and difficulties of wind power development in China. She has presented at the two conferences for 6 years. There are 7 proposals concerning wind power. During the two sessions this year, the “Energy” reporter exclusively interviewed Zhao Ping, listening to her experience and understanding of the development prospects and difficulties of wind power.
Deputies to the National People's Congress, Zhao Ping, Chief Engineer, R&D Center, Dongfang Electric Wind Power Co., Ltd.
"Energy": What problems exist in the development of small wind power in China?
Zhao Ping: At present, small wind power has been applied to military police, agro-pastoralists, forest fire prevention, transportation facilities, etc. in the “high seaside areas” area, but it has also been criticized. The main points are as follows:
First of all, currently, small wind power technology is not advanced, unsafe, unreliable, low wind capture efficiency, low basic power generation, and high cost. Vertical axis fan power is small; quality is poor, and horizontal axis fan blades are easily broken.
Secondly, although the new wind power technologies including the innovative “Frame Round Wind Turbine Technology” with its own intellectual property rights and its small products have international certifications and awards, they are difficult to start and difficult to promote in China.
Thirdly, the development of industrial development can not be separated from the promotion of policies. Compared to the photovoltaic industry and the large wind power industry, small wind power has been neglected. The subsidy appeal has not received state subsidies and support so far.
Finally, two years ago, the National Agricultural Modernization Plan (2016-2020) issued by the State Council and the “National 13th Five-Year Plan for Rural Economic Development” issued by the National Development and Reform Commission have passed for over a year. Local Development and Reform Commission and Agriculture The department's emphasis on this program is not enough. Of the 33 major agricultural projects that have been implemented so far, none have been implemented. Six of them involve small wind power projects. None of them can be supported by the government.
"Energy": The above-mentioned problems are the original intentions of the "Implementation and increase of new wind power technologies and new product subsidy policies".
Zhao Ping: The development of industrial development is inseparable from the promotion of policies. Compared with the photovoltaic industry and the large wind power industry, small wind power has been neglected. The subsidy appeal has not received state subsidies and support so far.
In China, clean energy, including photovoltaic technology and industry, large-scale wind power technologies and industries, can develop and lead the world. The difficulties in small and medium-sized wind power technologies and products are due to policy subsidies and support from the missing countries. .
It should be noted that in China's remote areas with no high seashores, off-grid small wind power sources are needed for heating and power supply, because only photovoltaic power generation cannot meet daily needs, especially overcast days, hazy days and winter snow cover. Days.
Two years ago, the State Council issued the "National Plan for Agricultural Modernization (2016-2020)" and the "National 13th Five-Year Plan for Rural Economic Development" issued by the National Development and Reform Commission. Over a year later, the local Development and Reform Commission and the agricultural sector have The importance of planning was not enough. Among the 33 major agricultural projects, none had been implemented to date. Six of them involved small wind power projects. None of them received government support.
Based on the above reasons, I proposed the proposal that the government should vigorously support and support the new wind power technologies and give the wind and solar power complementary policies of the small wind power and photovoltaic subsidy policies the same recommendations. It is proposed that the implementation of small wind power support and subsidy deadlines should be implemented in the first half of 2018. Detailed Rules. For the implementation of the policy, it is recommended to implement a return visit mechanism to ensure the implementation of the policy.
"Energy": How to look at technological innovation in the wind power industry?
Zhao Ping: I think the industry's innovation ability is still scattered.
In recent years, most wind power companies have poor performance, and each company’s market share is small and its volume is small, resulting in insufficient investment in R&D. I suggest that industry power be gathered from the national level, and wind power colleagues must also make concerted efforts to improve the independent innovation capability of wind power in China. , Continue to break through the technical bottlenecks to boost the development of the industry.
Taking offshore wind power as an example, many wind power companies put true gold and silver into the development of offshore wind turbines for the development of oversized generating units due to pressure from market competition. However, due to lack of technical strength, they have to rely on foreign technical support.
At the same time, the degree of innovation in important parts is not enough, such as blades, bearings, gear boxes, etc., and most of the application software also comes from foreign technology, Chinese companies are still running.
The development of wind power began with the digestion and absorption of foreign technologies, and it is still in a stage of wading. It has forced R & D and innovation to become weak, and it is very likely that the old road of 'relying on foreign technologies' will be re-emerged. The industry that has cultivated more than a decade in the country still fails to do so. To be truly 'weaned', it is even more difficult to contend with foreign technology. Only by simulating the development path of high-speed rail, the power of the entire nation can condense innovative technologies, including the integration and reorganization, and the concentration of technological innovation forces. This will enable us to achieve the goals stated in the government work report. Follow and run, and even lead. '
"Energy": How do you view the industry's low-price competition as the 'illness'?
Zhao Ping: For the industry's low-cost competition 'ill ill', I think 'crisis circles' urgently need to find a breakthrough.
In the past ten years, the price of wind turbines has skyrocketed, falling from 6,500 yuan/kW in 2008 to 4,200 yuan/kW last year, and up to now, about 3,700 yuan/kW, the fierce competition is evident.
This low-cost competition has finally led to two evils: First, the manufacturing R&D investment is not enough: As everyone knows well, the entire machine industry has basically no profitable space, and there is no more money left. We have to do innovation and engage in R&D; Parts quality is worrying.
Although wind power manufacturers are stabilizing their production, certification bodies are tightening their requirements, and quality issues have improved significantly in the past two years, we still need to consider: How can the wind power industry balance quality and innovation under the pressure of low profitability? Funding for R&D? How do you do intermediate coordination? These need to be carefully studied.
Therefore, I suggest that at the national policy level, we should support the steady development of the industry. We must not be greedy for perfection. We should rush to achieve success and should be nurtured steadily. In addition, based on the market allocation of quality resources, wind power independent innovation technology can not To adapt to high-end market, we should integrate innovation resources to participate in market competition.
From the perspective of the industry, the wind power industry must work together to coordinate low-price competition issues, strengthen self-discipline, and can not keep prices down even more, without sacrificing product quality. At the same time, a quality punishment system should be established, and the certification department must truly play a third party. Responsibilities, play a role in reviewing quality to regulate industry behavior.