Recently, a scientific research achievement of Hefei University of Technology, using straw-like biomass waste as raw material, successfully prepared multi-dimensional, multi-scale, and multi-modal three-dimensional catalytic materials that can effectively remove organic and heavy metal toxic contaminants from water bodies. The difficult problem of using straw-based biomass waste is difficult to use. This synthetic method has the advantages of simple technology, high yield, controllable structure, and ease of scale production. It has broad industrial application prospects. Relevant research results are published in the environmental field. Journal of Applied Catalysis-Environment.
Straw biomass waste has many characteristics such as large amount of impurities, wide sources, large reserves, and intractable treatment. If it is handled improperly, it will endanger the environment and human health and cause epidemics. According to statistics, China produces about 1 billion tons of straw-like biomass waste every year. , And traditional biomass waste treatment methods such as biomass liquefaction, biodiesel, compost landfill and direct incineration cannot achieve efficient green use.
In order to solve this key technical problem and achieve the resource utilization of straw biomass waste, the associate professor of the College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Hefei University of Technology, Associate Professor Yunyun Yao, developed the process of preparing the three-dimensional material of the carbon composite functional phase for birth for the first time. After chemical activation, material wastes are mixed with metal divalent salts and nitrogen-containing compounds, and 3D functional catalytic materials are prepared through high-temperature pyrolysis to achieve the reuse of biomass waste resources. Each gram of the new material With a total area of up to 1,500 square meters, it exhibits significant removal performance for persistent organic and inorganic toxic contaminants that are widely present at present, and the removal efficiency is 50 to 100 times that of conventional nanocomposites.
According to reports, the preparation process of the new 3D composite material activates the biomass waste into a three-dimensional multi-level pore-function carbon support, and utilizes its own porous structure, high specific surface area and surface interface characteristics, and in-situ introduction of metal nano-functional phases. The reduction of metal ions, the carbon coating of metal nanoparticles and the doping modification of nitrogen non-metal elements are realized in a single device, overcoming the complex preparation process of traditional pyrolysis methods, the high risk of reduction treatment and the effect of non-metallic element modification Poor and other defects.
At the same time, the core-shell structure formed by the carbon-coated metal nanoparticles in the material is conducive to electron transport, and the doping of nitrogen element increases the activity and dispersibility of the carbon layer surface. The rich pore structure and high specific surface area improve the contact and active sites. The number of dots, covering the nanostructures protects the metal nanoparticles from being poisoned, greatly improves their anti-poisoning ability, stability and reusability in practical applications, and has rich biomass raw material resources, low preparation cost, and large specific surface area. And has a multi-hole structure, so it has a broad industrial application prospects.
The new preparation process realizes the reuse of biomass wastes and the efficient removal of pollutants, and has the characteristics of simple process, low cost and easy mass production, and is suitable for industrial production. At the same time, the new preparation process is based on The development, construction and application of material 3D advanced functional catalytic materials provide theoretical support and scientific guidance.
