It is not unfamiliar to squeeze oil with peanuts, but you squeeze oil in the mud. Have you heard of it? On January 25, the reporter learned about the demonstration of the industrialized application of oily sludge pyrolysis technology in China Petroleum Engineering Construction Co., Ltd. There is a customizable 'oil press', which has the magical function of oil extraction in the mud. The recovered oil can be used as the raw material of the refinery to continue deep processing and become a high-value-added oil product.
The traditional method of domestic oil refinery companies dealing with oily sludge is costly and has poor results. It is a long-standing problem for companies. The first experimental application of the oily sludge pyrolysis technology in sludge processing in domestic refinery companies has opened up the refining company's sludge. Deal with new ideas.
Problem-oriented change to survive
'The existing domestic refinery companies have corresponding treatment and disposal measures for oily sludge, but there is still a certain technical difficulty in fully realizing resource utilization. ' On January 31, CPECC Huadong Environmental Geotechnical Engineering Branch Deputy Chief Engineer Xiao Yong told reporters: 'This technology uses a special processing unit to separate the oil contained in the oily sludge in the form of pyrolysis, which allows oil to be recycled again, non-condensing gas as a supplementary fuel, and residue resources. Use. '
CPECC Huadong Environmental Geotechnical Branch has long been engaged in environmental assessment and safety evaluation business, seized the opportunity to “go out to attract intelligence”, explored new fields of sludge treatment, introduced advanced foreign technologies, improved innovation through trials and R&D, and achieved transformation and upgrading. , To enhance the competitiveness of the enterprise market.
At present, domestic and foreign oil-containing sludge treatment technologies mainly include landfill, hot wash, incineration, bioremediation, and physical chemistry. However, in actual industrial applications, these technologies may occupy large amounts of land or consume large amounts of fuel, or High operating costs, low efficiency, or secondary pollution, to a certain extent limit the large-scale application.
Although foreign advanced oil-containing sludge treatment technologies have been successfully applied, there are no reports on the reliability and long-term stable operation of domestic refinery companies and oil fields, which has become a problem for environmentalists.
In the middle of the road, we have changed our way to seek development. CPECC East China Environmental Geotechnical Co., Ltd. has jointly established a R&D team with Uni-Uni environment to solve the oil sludge treatment problem in petrochemical companies. In the second half of 2016, R&D teams have moved from place to place. From Karamay to Tianjin Dagang, a survey was conducted on various oil-containing sludges, chemical analysis and centrifugal tests, etc. After a thousand technical combinations and process designs, one after another problem was solved.
Expanding ideas, gradually advancing
Domestic environmental protection scientists and technicians have solved a series of difficult problems. What remains is extremely hard bones. It is easy to say and difficult to do. The R&D team spent a lot of time on system design, non-standard equipment design and site optimization.
During the investigation and testing, it was learned that a new type of pyrolysis technology was widely used abroad in oil fields and refineries. However, foreign oil refineries produce oil sludge that is different from domestic ones. How do we compare foreign pyrolysis technology with the actual conditions of domestic refineries? Combining, independently developing a set of grounding gas pyrolysis and supporting technologies?
Innovation has been broken. With the assurance of intrinsic safety, the research team determined the relevant technical parameters of pyrolysis and supporting equipment. In September 2017, pilot tests were conducted at Dagang Petrochemical to carry out new processes, new equipment, and new materials. Field trials and demonstrations to promote the transformation of scientific research results into on-site production and transformation.
During the HAZOP safety analysis of the test device, it was discovered that the open sludge sludge system in foreign countries has a relatively large potential risk. The R&D team modified the test plan to make the loading system fully confined and meet the refinery safety requirements. After more than 20 days of hard work, the R&D team completed non-standard equipment manufacturing and skid-mounted equipment in prefabricated factories.
During the on-site commissioning of the test device, foreign technicians were not familiar with Chinese refined oil sludge with a liquid content of up to 90%. After few days of exploration and no progress, they were planning to give up. The R&D team was led by the team leader and many times. Investigate the debugging method, through a reasonable parameter ratio, broke through the technical problem of pyrolysis used for high liquid oil sludge.
When the equipment is in operation, new problems have arisen again. Domestic domestic refined oil clays have high colloidal content, high viscosity, and easy clogging of the slagging system. The R&D team used the operating temperature of the regulating equipment to achieve a smooth slag removal by means of step cooling. In late December 2017, the temperature in Tianjin Dagang reached minus ten degrees Celsius, and the mud tanks were frozen. The on-site operators were exposed to severe cold. They used manual heating with steam heating to ensure the normal operation of the test equipment.
After field tests, the pyrolysis technology can fully meet the processing requirements of oil refining mud, can handle oily sludge containing more than 90% of the liquid, reduce it to more than 80%, and the processing cost is far lower than the external disposal costs. At present, mainstream technologies for the treatment of oily sludge are overseas. By introducing pyrolysis core equipment and independently researching and developing peripheral equipment, the project can be industrialized in a short period of time and save a lot of costs.
Independent innovation to break the bottleneck
The R&D team created a major core supporting technology tool that effectively solved the production technology problems. This device does not condense back to the pyrolysis equipment as a supplementary fuel for its own use, and can reduce the fuel consumption of the pyrolysis equipment. The pyrolysis residue uses a chelating process. It is stabilized, solidified, and can be landfilled or used for building materials.
The large-scale application of the sludge pyrolysis treatment technology can eliminate the safety risk of the refinery oil sludge in the plant area and the possible environmental impact. The existing sludge transportation and processing cost is high and the economic burden of the enterprise is heavy. The pyrolysis treatment technology can not only save the energy The Commission will also be able to recover large amounts of oil resources for the disposal of costs, and bring value-added benefits to the refinery.
'The main battlefield facing business development is regarded as the main direction of technological innovation. High quality development requires us to place industrial innovation in an important position.' CPCP deputy general manager Wang Taoyi introduced. Through independent innovation and the introduction of digestion and absorption and re-innovation, The development of technical problems and common technical issues in the industry to tackle key issues, CPECC made major breakthroughs in many areas.
In 2017, CPECC invested 120 million yuan in scientific research funds, and carried out more than 100 scientific research projects, including 3 major national-level projects and 4 group-level companies; 62 granted patents, 26 invention patents, and 28 technical secrets. Recognized 7 independent innovation products of the group company, promoted and applied more than 30 scientific and technological achievements.
Oily sludge pyrolysis technology process
The oily sludge is stored in the sludge tank and the sludge is raised to the pretreatment system by the feeding system. After pretreatment, the material is sent to the pyrolysis system. After the pyrolysis, the material is discharged through the cooling spiral. The pyrolysis process gas After washing, condensing and separating, the non-condensing gas is processed by the tail gas treatment system and returned to the pyrolysis equipment as an auxiliary fuel. After the condensed liquid is separated by oil and water, the waste oil is recovered and used, and the waste water enters the water treatment system.
Expert point of view
Solid waste treatment pyrolysis technology has great potential
Discarded from the sea, landfilled to natural dry, dehydrated bio-compost, then to dry incineration, pyrolysis and gasification, China's solid waste disposal technology has undergone a process of evolution from low to high level. As China's Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Beijing Due to the densely populated population in Tianjin and Hebei, land resources are scarce, solid waste incineration becomes a mainstream technology, and it is also a natural choice for the development process. R&D economy, environmental protection, safe treatment methods and devices, full recovery of oil in sludge, and the treatment of soil in the soil It is imperative that indicators such as residual oil content reach the new national standards.
Pyrolysis technology is one of the world's leading technologies for polymer quality energy research. This technology uses continuous processes and factory-based production methods to convert sludge into high-quality, easy-to-store, easy-to-transport, high energy density and use. Convenient oil, fuel gas, solid state products and other high value-added energy products. Compared with conventional oxygen-consuming incineration technology, it has the advantages of emission of flue gas and less air pollutants, effectively reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Solid waste such as oil sludge in the oil industry is not the same as municipal waste sludge, and its oil content is not only high, but also poorly dewatered. At present, the use of pyrolysis technology to treat oily sludge is the most feasible. Pyrolysis is an emerging technology, involving materials science, Thermal industry, automation control, etc., China's research started late.
For the first time in the domestic Pyrolysis trials of the “three muds” and tank bottom sludge produced by Dagang Petrochemical, based on the introduction of the core technology of US oil sludge pyrolysis, we independently developed supporting technologies and equipment, and all the test equipment used skids. Installation design. After long-term test and testing, the pyrolysis technology can fully meet the processing requirements of the refining oil sludge. The treated residue meets the national standards and can recover the petroleum hydrocarbons in the sludge. It has high safety and reliability.
Pyrolysis technology, as a major equipment technology developed in China, has been widely applied in various fields and has become a heavy equipment for solid waste disposal. In addition to sludge pyrolysis, pyrolysis has been applied to waste treatment, biomass, hazardous waste heat and other treatments. Processing has also been increasingly used. For example, the pyrolysis gasification is extended to the soil remediation, hazardous waste oil sludge, chromium-containing sludge, food waste, leather waste, etc., and used for rice husk, corn stalks Biomass, such as bio-char preparation and energy clean use, and the regeneration of activated carbon and other fields.
Pyrolysis technology will have a bright future in all areas of solid waste treatment. Whoever masters the pyrolysis technology will have the right to speak and speak. The shift from non-renewable carbon-based resources to renewable bio-based resources has become an international trend. The Energy Agency uses pyrolysis as a key technology for the third-generation biomass energy utilization. Japan, Australia, and Germany are also conducting corresponding research. In Germany, a waste pyrolysis experiment project with a scale of 100 tons has been implemented.
At the same time, in the zero emission, pyrolysis technology will also become a trend. China will use pyrolysis technology for the treatment of biofermented slag, in the hazardous waste treatment field has broad prospects. As a township system solution, pyrolysis technology in agricultural waste Processing will also be a big show.
As an effective solid waste treatment technology, it is hoped that pyrolysis of this clean incineration technology can receive more attention and recognition. We must advance the pyrolysis technology along the correct technical route.
