New energy vehicles entered the 'tuyere' period in the past two years. With the rapid growth in sales volume and ownership, a problem has emerged: What should we do after the power battery used by new energy vehicles is 'retired'? They said that through the clarification of the main body of responsibility, the establishment of a battery recycling system should be promoted to help build an ecological civilization.
Status: The first batch of automotive power batteries usher in the 'retired' period
'Implementing integrated circuits, 5th generation mobile communications, aircraft engines, new energy vehicles, new materials and other industrial development' 'Extended new energy vehicle vehicle purchase tax preferential policies for another three years' - this year's government work report, several times Refers to new energy vehicles.
Statistics show that with the support of policies, the sales of new energy vehicles in China reached 777,000 units in 2017, ranking the first in the world for three consecutive years. The accumulated total capacity is about 1.8 million vehicles, accounting for more than 50% of the global market.
The rapid development of new energy vehicles has produced a significant pulling effect on the R&D and production of power batteries. In addition to the mile range and charging issues that consumers are concerned about, the problem of power battery degradation has gradually entered the public view.
'In general, the battery life is 5 to 8 years. ' NPC deputy, chairman of Sichuan Qiyang Automobile Group, said that this means that new energy vehicles put into the market around 2012, starting in 2018 Gradually usher in the 'retired' period of the power battery.
National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and Director of the Management Committee of Jinshan Science and Technology Park of East China University of Science and Technology said that the current domestic battery is mainly a lithium-ion battery. Originally positioned as a green energy new energy vehicle, if the power battery is recycled improperly, it will The environment causes heavy metal pollution, alkali pollution and dust pollution.
To strengthen recycling, at the end of February this year, seven ministries and commissions such as the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly formulated the Interim Measures for the Management of the Recycling and Utilization of Power Battery for New Energy Vehicles. Some companies also seized the opportunity. Guoxuan Hi-Tech, a power battery listed company, recently stated that it has established a comprehensive recycling of batteries. The company is currently constructing a recycling production line.
Exploration: Step-by-step utilization, recycling
Unlike general batteries, vehicle power batteries are bulky and have complex components, requiring high technical thresholds for their recycling.
'The implementation of the producer responsibility extension system, the automobile production enterprises bear the main responsibility of the battery recovery. 'The Interim Measures for the Management of the Recycling and Utilization of Power Battery for New Energy Vehicles is clearly proposed.
Chen Hong, deputy to the National People's Congress and chairman of SAIC Motors, said that at the current stage, China's power battery recycling policy system is not sound enough. It is difficult for an auto manufacturer to manage the entire life cycle of the sales of new vehicles from the sale of new vehicles to the final recycling of the power batteries of all vehicles sold. .
'Relevant departments are recommended to research and issue new energy vehicles' recycling qualifications, to phase out backward technologies, and enterprises that do not meet environmental standards,' said Chen Hong.
In terms of utilization, the main aspects of current industry exploration include cascade utilization, recycling, etc. 'According to the relevant standards, the capacity of a power battery is attenuated to less than 80% of rated capacity, and it is no longer suitable for electric vehicles.' Lan Lanbo said. , Just like toys used dry batteries can be used in remote control, from the car 'retired' power battery, can still be used for energy storage, low-speed electric vehicles and other fields.
The power battery after the use of the ladder can be transferred to the recycling link. That is, a qualified company should dismantle the steel according to the relevant technical specifications and extract valuable metals such as cobalt, nickel, manganese, and lithium. For other non-utilizable residues 5. Harmless disposal according to environmental regulations.
Suggestion: To trace the source of battery recycling data
Regardless of whether the use of cascades or recycling, the premise is to be able to monitor the flow of used batteries to ensure that they flow into the technology, qualified manufacturers, so that the entire industry can operate in a healthy and orderly manner.
To achieve this, we must first track the traceability and traceability of power battery production and recycling information. The interim approach proposes that battery companies should coordinate with automotive companies, code the production of the battery for power generation according to national standards, and pass the traceability information system. Upload battery code and new energy car related information.
'Recommended to increase the power battery code information of new energy vehicle owners in the social credit system. During recycling of batteries, the recycling company reports to the management organization and regularly updates personal credit information to prevent the owner from dismantling the battery without authorization and on the market. Act of illegal sale. 'Chen Hong said.
Representatives also stated that considering that China’s power battery recycling has just started, it is recommended that during the sales phase of new energy vehicles, some of the car purchases or government subsidies be transferred to special funds for environmental protection to support enterprises to carry out battery cascade R&D and development. Life cycle management.
National People's Congress deputy, Shanghai Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau Director Shou Ziqi said that the government can also introduce market-based mechanisms to encourage companies to establish closed-loop value transactions on the basis of good guidance and supervision. 'Let end-of-life batteries flow to standard enterprises, so that batteries can be recycled. Use not only has environmental significance, but also has economic benefits.
