The state attaches great importance to the development of agricultural mechanization, has implemented a subsidy policy for agricultural machinery purchase for 14 consecutive years, and has intensified subsidies every year, which has effectively promoted the development of agricultural mechanization. However, the agricultural production cost is high, the price of agricultural products is low, and it is still difficult for farmers to increase their income. The main contradiction faced. The development of agricultural machinery, especially high-end high-efficiency machinery, is an important means to increase agricultural production efficiency, improve agricultural production conditions, reduce agricultural production costs, and increase farmers' income.
In recent years, the state has promoted the structural adjustment of the agricultural industry, vigorously implemented the supply-side structural reforms and the strategy for the rejuvenation of rural areas. The Ministry of Agriculture has formulated the "Implementation Plan for Grain Transformation and Feeding," and the State Council has issued the "Accelerating the Promotion of the Recycling of Livestock and Poultry Wastes. The “utilization opinions” have spawned many new agricultural machinery and equipment products, and accelerated the introduction and research and development of high-end and high-efficiency equipment. The Ministry of Agriculture specifically issued the “Notification on Accelerating Agricultural Machinery Purchase Subsidy Policy to Promote the Structural Reform of the Agricultural Supply Side” and proposed further improvement. The scope of subsidy matching subsidy and the mechanism for confirming the subsidy standard are widely adopted, and open subsidy is vigorously promoted. However, in the specific implementation process, there are many institutional obstacles to the identification and subsidy of new agricultural machinery products. The subsidy for new product purchases must go through the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Industry and Information, and related departments. Due to tedious procedures, new products need to comply with the "Agricultural Machinery Classification" standard and the Ministry of Agriculture's annual "Guidance Guidelines". It is necessary to formulate the "Product Standards" and the "Summary of Identification". It requires the appraisal of departmental or provincial appraisal stations, and needs to determine the subsidy standards. Linkage procedures are complicated and the cycle is too long, which seriously hinders new production The major strategic decisions promote the use and development of agricultural mechanization, the State Council and the Ministry of Agriculture can not really fall, benefit people's livelihood.
I. Problems with current agricultural machinery purchase subsidies
1. It is difficult for new products to be included in the "Agricultural Machinery Classification" standard. It is difficult to identify and enjoy subsidies. It is necessary to enjoy acquisition subsidies for new products, and it is necessary to have a "product standard" and "certification outline" to conduct technical appraisal of products, and formulate "product standards". And the “Summary of Identification” needs to comply with the “Agricultural Machinery Classification” standard of the Ministry of Agriculture and the “Guidelines for Identification of the Ministry of Agriculture”. However, the “Agricultural Machinery Classification” standard is not updated in a timely manner, although the current “Agricultural Machinery Classification” standard is NY/T1640-2015 Replaced the "Agricultural Machinery Classification" standard numbered NY/T1640-2008, but it still lags behind the market. In recent years, the State Council and the Ministry of Agriculture have been unable to incorporate new products in the field, making such new products unable to compile "Products." "Standards" and "Identification Outline." At the same time, the scope of the nation's agricultural machinery purchase subsidies is mostly traditional agricultural machinery products. New products cannot be included in the scope of subsidy categories, and thus cannot be supported by subsidy policies.
2. The subsidy standard for high-end and high-efficiency agricultural machinery is relatively low. At present, the Central Government’s agricultural subsidies for agricultural machinery purchases are subject to fixed subsidies, and the subsidy for each grade of agricultural machinery products is estimated to not exceed 30% of the average price of the market in the previous year. With the deepening implementation of the national agricultural policy With the development of economies of scale, the demand for high-end agricultural machinery equipment with good operational performance and high efficiency and high overall efficiency is increasing. However, due to high investment in research and development of high-end agricultural machinery equipment, the value of products is generally high, and the economic pressure on users for one-time purchase is high. The subsidy standard is still a drop in the bucket compared to the expensive product price, and many users can only hope to sigh.
3. The current new product subsidy policy has its limitations. Since the national implementation of the pilot subsidy for new agricultural machinery products in 2016, it has played an active role in the promotion of new products. After the Ministry of Agriculture formulated the pilot subsidy for the purchase of new agricultural machinery products, various provinces have formulated new agricultural machinery. The product purchase subsidy pilot program, but the province's new product subsidies are narrow and the amount of subsidy is small, and all provinces have separately approved and established projects. The identification results of new products among provinces are not recognized by each other, causing the same product of the manufacturer to repeat applications in each province. Businesses have increased their workload and created an additional financial burden.
Second, the proposal
1. Identify responsible departments and responsibilities, simplify the process of appraisal of new agricultural machinery products, shorten the updating cycle of the “Agricultural Machinery Classification” standard, update it at least once a year, optimize the appraisal system, change the appraisal method, clearly identify the process time limit, and strengthen post-event supervision.
2. Emphasize the R&D and promotion of new products of enterprises, establish a new product declaration and evaluation mechanism, reflect the new products of enterprises step-by-step, smooth the identification of new products and subsidy policies, and fully mobilize the innovation enthusiasm of research institutes and manufacturing enterprises.
3. Further clarify the subsidy mechanism and process that match the open subsidy, increase the subsidy of high-end agricultural machinery equipment, and effectively organize the implementation.
4. The national unified new product subsidy policy, the form of innovative subsidies, embodies the country's major strategic support, and supports the new products that the country mainly supports and promotes as soon as possible.