For more than 30 years, he has continuously improved the design of greenhouses, excavated greenhouse lighting, heat preservation and heat storage capacity, explored the supporting technologies for the cultivation of main fruits and vegetables under low temperature and low light, and continuously upgraded the energy-saving solar greenhouses. The area where fruits and vegetables are produced without heating in winter was once again Once passed northwards, his energy-saving solar greenhouse not only enriched the 'vegetable basket' in the cold regions of the North, but its research results were also applied to 18 provinces in the northeast, north, northwest, and Huanghuai basins in China, creating remarkable economic benefits. With social benefits, he hailed the 'bags of money' for farmers. He, Li Tianlai, a professor of Shenyang Agricultural University who was kindly called the 'Vegetable Fellowship'. During the 'two sessions', the reporter seized the opportunity to perform with academician Li Tianlai. Exclusive dialogue.
After graduating from Shenyang Agricultural University in 1982, Li Tianlai stayed in school for teaching and scientific research in vegetables. 'I thought about that winter that year, don’t we northern peoples eat only cabbage, radishes, potatoes and sauerkraut in the winter? How can the vegetables grow in the northern winter as usual, so that millions of households can eat all kinds of fresh and green vegetables in all seasons?' In this way, Li Tianlai regarded the balanced production as the solution to the annual production of vegetables in the northern region. Direction, and determined to fight for this life.
Now, as the most famous expert in horticultural facilities in China, Academician Li Tianlai still remembers his heart and struggles in the front line. Talking to reporters about facility agriculture, his discourse is very contagious. 'The concept of facility agriculture is extensive and includes rich content. Among them, the facilities gardening and facilities vegetables are very important content, especially the facilities vegetables account for 95% of the facilities horticulture, the area is larger is the plastic greenhouse and the sunlight greenhouse. ' Academician Li Tianlai told reporters, 'In the installation of vegetables, The degree of mechanization is relatively low. First of all, the types of vegetables are more complicated, and fresh products are needed. From the aspect of production, there is also a lack of suitable and suitable machinery. Secondly, the automatic control of the environment of facilities and vegetables is relatively weak. The facilities are relatively simple and the equipment level is not high. This is a problem that needs to be improved in the future development of facilities.
As a professor at Shenyang Agricultural University, Academician Li Tianlai paid special attention to the status and role of horticulture in the revitalization of northeast China. Agriculture is an important industry in the new round of northeast revitalization. As an important agricultural industry in Northeast China, facilities horticulture is a new round of northeast revitalization. One of the important industries. The area of horticultural facilities in the northeast accounts for 14% of the country, especially Liaoning accounts for 10% of the country. The greenhouse horticultural area accounts for about 1/4 of the country's solar greenhouse area. The facility gardening not only solves the vegetable basket, The problem of fruit plates and flower baskets has achieved an annual balanced supply of vegetables, imperfections in the four seasons of storage and transport of fruits, seasonal marketing of flowers, and the promotion of farmers’ poverty alleviation, development of well-to-do and rural businesses, and the development of related industries. The development has placed a lot of employment. It can be said that the facility gardening is a multi-industry industry and will play an important role in the new round of northeast revitalization.
However, due to the earlier development of facilities horticulture in the Northeast, especially in Liaoning, many regional facilities are poorly equipped, infrastructure is poor, the level of mechanization and automation of environmental regulation and production management is low, the scale of production communities is small, and the service system is not perfect, resulting in Labor productivity, land productivity, and resource utilization are not high. In particular, in the face of the gradual aging of facilities and gardening employees and the conversion of horticultural products from the seller’s market to the buyer’s market, product competition has become increasingly fierce. Therefore, to reduce production costs And improving the land productivity, labor productivity and resource utilization as the core of facilities, gardening, quality improvement and efficiency upgrading will become an important aspect of the new round of revitalization in Northeast China. ' Academician Li Tianlai is not worried about this.
To this end, he put forward five proposals. First, it is necessary to speed up the construction of clusters of facilities for horticulture in Northeast China. It is necessary to comprehensively plan the clusters of facilities for horticulture in the northeast according to the environmental characteristics of different regions and the existing production basis; To build an advantageous horticulture industrial zone for facilities. Second, to speed up the construction of a complete facility horticulture industrial chain. It is necessary to follow the horticultural horticulture industrial cluster planning, construction facilities design and construction, production information supply, production management, post-production processing and marketing, and other complete industrial chains. At the same time, a complete service system such as financial services, information services, technical services, and production services shall be established. Through the development of the horticultural industrial chain of facilities, the organic integration of the secondary and tertiary industries shall be promoted. Thirdly, we shall accelerate the technological innovation of facilities gardening, Technical integration and transformation of results. To meet the requirements of the development of clusters of facilities for horticultural industries, support the construction of different levels of technological innovation, technology integration, and achievement transformation platforms; and to vigorously build scientific and technological teams that adapt to the facilities of horticultural science and technology innovation, technology integration, and achievement transformation. Training facilities First-line producers in the horticultural industry; support for establishment A batch of earthed gas demonstration parks will promote the standardization of facility structure, standardization of crop production, branding of products, industrialization of management, modernization of management, improvement of quality and safety level of horticultural products, and improvement of industrial competitiveness. Fourth, we must organize the implementation of facilities for gardening. Quality and efficiency improvement projects. According to the plan of horticultural horticulture industry clusters, the organization and implementation of facilities for horticulture and quality improvement and efficiency projects shall be conducted through fiscal funds, financial institutions borrowing money, and individual investors raise funds from multiple sources, in accordance with the development of facilities horticultural industry clusters. The model is to renovate and build a batch of high-level energy-saving solar greenhouses, so that the performance of solar greenhouses will be greatly improved, and the output per unit area, output value and labor productivity will increase by more than 30%. Fifth, the state should establish a new round of northeast revitalization policy. Special policies to support the development of facilities for horticulture. To establish special financial projects and formulate financial support policies to support the development of the facility horticulture industry in the Northeast, such as the establishment of facilities, water infrastructure, and other basic facilities for the transformation of existing facility horticultural communities. Community-linked facilities for gardening clusters, supporting construction to increase production The Center for Facility Horticulture Engineering and Technology Innovation Centered on Learning and Research will set up special facilities for gardening and horticulture in the northeast region to speed up the upgrading of infrastructure horticulture in the northeast region, improve quality and efficiency, and promote the development of related industries. (Yang Jie Wang Xiaoyu)
Original title: Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, 'Vegetables', talked to this reporter?