The new energy automobile industry is the country's national strategic emerging industry. It is the key to the government’s industrial support development during the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” period and bears the important mission of China’s auto industry to realize the “Automobile Power” to the “Automobile Power”, and the new energy automotive industry in China. Has entered a period of rapid development.
According to GGII data, sales of new energy vehicles in China have increased significantly since 2012, with sales volume increasing from 12,000 units to 780,000 units in 2017.
The outbreak of production and sales of new energy vehicles has boosted the use of lithium batteries. In 2017, the lithium battery market in China was 135 billion yuan. The output value of power batteries was 72.5 billion yuan. The output value of power batteries accounted for 54%, exceeding the scale of digital lithium batteries and becoming a lithium battery consumption structure. Accounting for the largest area.
With the approaching end of the power battery scrapping period for 2012-2014, 2018 is considered to be the first year of power battery scrap, driving the rapid growth of the scale of end-of-life lithium batteries. The old power lithium batteries have become the main growth point for battery recycling. .
The ideal mode for the recycling and reuse of power batteries is the first step of utilization and then the dismantling and utilization. However, at present, the disposal methods of power batteries are still mainly based on dismantling and recycling.
According to GGII statistics, in 2017, a total of 83,000 tons of lithium batteries (including digital lithium batteries) were discarded and disassembled in China, of which 95% were battery dismantling.
The reasons for the relatively small use of ladders include:
1. Battery manufacturers are reluctant to assume battery safety risks, and do not want scrapped batteries to flow into the market again;
2. In the past, the amount of scrapped power batteries was small, and it was difficult to match older batteries.
3. At present, the utilization technology of power battery ladders is not yet mature, and it requires continuous technical accumulation;
4. The energy storage market and reuse of market space have not yet been released on a large scale.
In recent years, the relevant state departments promulgated a number of lithium battery recycling policy documents and guidance.
February 26, 2018, "Interim Measures for Management of Recovery and Utilization of New Energy Vehicle Power Battery" was released, specifying that automobile manufacturers should establish a power battery recovery channel and be responsible for recovering the used power batteries generated after the new energy vehicles are used and scrapped. Meanwhile, the power battery Companies need to provide support in battery design, production, and recycling.
However, the current recovery mechanism remains to be improved, the battery recovery channel is sluggish, people are less awareness of environmental protection, casual abandonment is serious.
GGII believes that with the introduction of the corresponding implementation details, strict supervision of the competent authorities, the battery industry will be gradually standardized waste battery, business model will gradually mature economy will be reflected.
In contrast, the higher cobalt content of digital batteries, recycling of greater economic value, and the larger market, has entered a more mature stage.Every year the volume of scrap relatively large, has formed a relatively stable recycling business model, but the The overall recovery of only scrap about 40%, there are still a large number of scrapped batteries did not enter the recycling system.
