Plastic is not a pure substance, it is made of many materials.
Among them, macromolecule polymer is the main component of plastic. In addition, in order to improve the performance of plastic, various auxiliary materials such as fillers, plasticizers, lubricants, stabilizers and colorants should be added into the polymer to become Good plastic.
1, synthetic resin
Synthetic resin is the main component of plastic, its content in plastic is generally 40% ~ 100%. Due to the large content, and the nature of the resin often determines the nature of the plastic, so people often think of resin as a synonym for plastic. For example, PVC resin and PVC, phenolic resin and phenolic plastics confused.In fact, resin and plastic are two different concepts.Plastic is a raw original polymer, it is not only used in the manufacture of plastic, but also Paints, adhesives and raw materials for synthetic fibers.And plastic addition to a very small part of 100% resin, the vast majority of plastics, in addition to the main component of the resin, but also need to add other substances.
2, packing
Filler also known as filler, which can improve the strength and heat resistance of plastics, and reduce costs.For example, the phenolic resin wood powder can greatly reduce the cost of making phenolic plastic to become one of the cheapest plastic, but can also significantly improve Mechanical strength. Fillers can be divided into two types of organic fillers and inorganic fillers, the former such as wood flour, rags, paper and various fabric fibers, the latter such as glass fiber, diatomaceous earth, asbestos, carbon black and so on.
3, plasticizer
Plasticizers can increase the plasticity and softness of plastics to reduce the brittleness and make the plastics easy to process and shape.The plasticizers are generally high boiling point organic compounds that are miscible with resin, non-toxic, odorless, light and heat-stable Commonly used phthalates, such as the production of polyvinyl chloride plastic, if more plasticizers can be added to get soft PVC plastic, plasticizer if without or with less (dosage<10%)，则得硬质聚氯乙烯塑料。
4, stabilizer
In order to prevent the processing and use of synthetic resin by the role of light and heat decomposition and destruction, extend the service life, to join in the plastic stabilizer. Commonly used stearate, epoxy resin.
5, coloring agent
Colorants can make plastic with a variety of bright, beautiful colors. Common organic dyes and inorganic pigments as colorants.
6, lubricant
The role of lubricant is to prevent the plastic does not stick to the mold in the molding, while making the plastic surface smooth and beautiful. Common lubricants are stearic acid and calcium magnesium salt.
7, antioxidants
Prevent the plastic in the heating molding or in the process of high temperature oxidation, leaving the plastic yellow, cracking and so on.
In addition to the above additives, the plastic can also be added flame retardants, foaming agents, antistatic agents, etc., to meet different requirements.