Zhang Yuan: Thank you, Deng Academician for accepting my interview. In fact, I see your personal resume, the background of scientists, going abroad, starting a business, deputies to the National People's Congress, etc., and you are outside academic institutions, how to treat yourself Identity? Would you rather emphasize your status as a scientist or as an entrepreneur?
Deng Zhonghan: I am an innovation entrepreneur
Deng Zhonghan: I think it may still be an innovative entrepreneur. Gradually from a pure science and technology workers to become an entrepreneur, but entrepreneurs themselves have to involve a number of social reform and opening up to explore a range of issues, including How to combine the mechanism of Silicon Valley with the development of Zhongguancun like our overseas students and the development of innovation and entrepreneurship in our country so that when NPC deputies and representatives of the people have participated in many national policies and some suggestions on some aspects of reform and opening up So it is also a must have to do, but also must do a good job, so I think more I am an innovative entrepreneurs, be able to put such a number of science and technology and market business environment , As well as one of the national policies, combined with such an exploration of the surrounding reform and opening up.
Zhang Yuan: from early theoretical research to the entire information engineering, engineers, and then to such a business, financing, capital markets, become a business entrepreneur, the process of this way, you think more of you chose this opportunity , Or that you have encountered all the way to learn the opportunity to choose you?
Affect more people's lives with innovative technologies
Deng: I am actually in the choice of their own, looking for the future I feel more thrilling, more exciting one area, in fact, many entrepreneurs are like, they are in the pursuit of how their own ideas, these inventions and can This is also a dream of many scientists and technicians. So later (in 1998), I started a business in Silicon Valley. The chip technology that I used in the future These high-resolution, high-resolution 10 million pixel CMOS sensor chips on a cell phone are in fact the sensory chips we talked about, and later the company was acquired by Sony. Today Sony is the largest provider in the world , One hundred percent of Apple's cell phones are using Sony chips, of course, Sony company from the past a very wide range of companies, and now it is actually the most profitable sector is the acquisition of my company after such a now the most profitable sector, I feel, through my technology affect more people. Later founding Vimicro is actually in my ( 1998) After founding PIXIM (1999), after returning home, I wanted to know how to have a video on my computer and put a camera on my mobile phone. I got photos, videos and videos from social media. So at that time, we also thought Earlier, when the speed of the computer, the speed of mobile phones are no way to support such a huge amount of transmission time, so I did the piece behind the sensor, the image processing chip, the chip successfully into the including Apple, Sony Samsung, all of the computers, and many of these brands of computers, and also the first large-scale chip in China's exports.
A fingernail-sized chip, potentially containing more than 1 billion transistors, is the key technology for a chip known as 'a country's forage.' But for a long time, China did not have the core technology to spend huge amounts of foreign exchange annually Chips. In 2016, the global semiconductor chip output value of about 350 billion US dollars, China imported 227 billion US dollars, double the amount of crude oil imports over the same period, the chip has also become the largest import commodities.
Zhang Yuan: Speaking of you to do the chip, you want to see more applications to change people's lives, but all along, our long-term dependence on imported chips, and why this happens?
Ask yourself what you can do for the country and not what the country can do for you
Deng: In the field of semiconductors, the international community started basically at the same time. However, we may lag behind in this respect for many historical reasons. So from October 1, 1999, when I attended the 50th National Day Celebration, I came into contact with many Central During the interview, they repeatedly said that our country is often called "brainless coreless." We produce a large number of computers but we do not have our own chips. When attending the National Day ceremony, I looked at our country for 50 years The achievements in all fields of industry, agriculture, and defense are very proud, but we feel like what Kennedy asked what you can do, that is, what you can do for the country instead of always asking what the country can do for you , I was on the viewing platform, so the national leadership's call for our students, including the kind of focus and focus on our chip technology, reminds me of the ability to bring back such best-of-the-art technology.
Zhang Yuan: passionate.
Deng Zhonghan: When I was in Zhongguancun, I was very young, and I took some Silicon Valley partners who started up with me to start a business in Zhongguancun, so when I assumed the "Starlight China Core Project", we were committed to Can enter the Chinese into the computer chip, into the Chinese own intellectual property technology, so start innovation and entrepreneurship.Now there are many companies are committed to the design and manufacture of the chip, which can reduce such ( Trade) deficits, and to fill the gaps in our fields, there are some very good achievements.
Zhang Yuan: So can we say that now in the chip application market, has got rid of the dependence on imports?
China still can not get rid of dependence on chip imports
Deng Zhonghan: It should be said that we can not get rid of it. At the present time, we should also say that we rely heavily on foreign-made chip products to support our industry. However, we have made breakthroughs and breakthroughs in many fields and will take a long time These efforts may have to be overtaken by turning corners in conjunction with a new generation of new and innovative technologies, etc. We talk about intellectual property and speaking about the development and innovation of our own intellectual property is actually very difficult, not just the technology itself , And in addition to the industry, including the high degree of monopoly that we talked about, such as the alliance between Microsoft and Intel, which led to its height in the field of microcomputers and computers, it is hard to break, so the break of these things may not be either It can take a long time to be formed in two days and two days, so in this aspect, on the one hand, we must further grasp the technical and talent accumulation, of course, including capital, capital market, etc. The development of more entrepreneurial groups to provide a wide range of good products for our information industry to start using , Gradually replace the foreign products.
Through the development of technical standards to achieve 'change overtaking'
Deng Zhonghan: On the other hand, on the other hand, it is on the standard, industrial alliances, in the industrial chain, is the non-technical elements of the ingredients to achieve some overtaking overtaking, we now, countries, such as we in public safety, video surveillance in this area , Commissioned us to do the standard and chip, we are in this area which is actually a nobody, the foreign countries have not started to do, we grab the first to do, we achieved a changeover overtaking, but such a number of innovations, at present Or in some local areas, we generally include a large part of the computer, communications, or rely on foreign chips in the home appliance industry, there are many of its own products, but the real change in the situation may also need a lot of years s hard work.
Zhang Yuan: Do you think that these deficiencies in the country, in what areas need to catch up?
Deng Zhonghan: I think the first aspect is still the development of technology, the other we are not too much emphasis on the past, is the standard.In fact, we say that Intel's x86, Microsoft, these are formed standardized, so we are engaged in Public safety, video surveillance in this area, we have developed a national standard, second-generation standards.
Zhang Yuan: About this standard, and the international standards of what is the relationship between?
Artificial intelligence era of what the new technology requirements?
Deng Zhonghan: In the public safety SVAC national standard (SVAC national standard is our country public safety video surveillance video and audio coding and decoding technology standard), refers to the video surveillance digital audio and video codecs, such a national standard field inside and outside is not We are in a land of no people, blank, we take the lead in innovation abroad for so many years, we heard called CCTV (Closed-circuitTelevision, closed circuit television), in fact, many are using closed-circuit television, earlier, or even Analog, digital standard borrowed from their broadcast communications, we called H.264, H.265, in fact, is the Internet to download, but some of these standards are actually only suitable for playback, such as we shoot a good program , And then sent it to everyone after the compression of mobile phones or TV shows, in order to make it easy for everyone to decode, playback is very convenient, very little bandwidth to download, quickly.
But for public safety image acquisition, it is an uploading, acquiring and following intelligent processing, it is completely reversed, so in this field, in fact, in the past has been no attention, because there is no big data, there is no artificial intelligence, there is no today We are talking about these new generation of technology, in the past just took the video as a video recording, and then manually to rewind, to see the clues inside, looking for suspects, etc., are so linear.So that we now SVAC National standards, through our own chip, through our own standards to achieve a new generation of technologies, mainly refers to the artificial intelligence and big data, cloud computing, Internet of things these technologies, with the image recording, collection, upload and playback , The whole combination of a new, this is not in the world, so we in this area to achieve a changeover overtaking, we are completely ahead of abroad, the first in this area which set the national standard, made its own chip , Formed its own industry, and effective to protect the security of information, we start from the internal source plus Decrypt, from the first chip on the data encryption and decryption.
Zhang Yuan: You are achieved a changeover overtaking, but in front of you mentioned, this is still partial, is not widely used, changing opportunities for more overtaking? Blank point still more?
Innovation brings huge market space
Deng Zhonghan: Now is very much, then, we see the domestic face recognition technology, speaking now brush these skills, etc., have not yet started to make it in foreign countries, or do not have us so good, so We are in fact there is a change in the road, we use a new generation of these technologies, including such as deep learning, artificial intelligence, etc., the new field which opened up a lot of new algorithms, new chips, new systems, These things pass a standard that we call the SVAC National Standard for Public Safety, which effectively redefines the format of these data so that it embeds some of the functional modules that can be targeted for future intelligent processing, image recognition, human Face recognition, there are many objects, event recognition and judgment, etc., thus forming the possibility of automatic alarm, such an innovation is the original innovation is from the bottom of the innovation, it gives a lot of the other Application of innovation brings huge space, or not only for a change of space, is to create a new space.
Zhang Yuan: In fact, it can also be applied to other areas.
Deng Zhonghan: It can be widely used in a variety of areas including smart city, smart transportation, medical treatment, social management, and education. It is a basic codec for image acquisition and upload. Of course, it takes the lead It is national public security, because this is the national strategic needs, such a standard in fact it will be used in the future, home use, social management, in schools, hospitals, in many places can be used, not only in Public safety such as a field, such as face recognition just mentioned, license plate recognition, and some automatic recognition of trajectories, etc., rather than rely on the manual to see.Some of these technologies are very basic, is A kind of original innovation.
Nowadays, artificial intelligence is entering into human life in an all-round way, reshaping various industries and constantly refreshing people's imagination. Meanwhile, the development of artificial intelligence technology is also entering a new stage. AlphaGo defeated Go-World champion Li Shishi, but failed to give up the same door, using the new enhanced learning methods AlphaGo Zero upgrade.
Chip innovation to enhance the performance of the machine a few orders of magnitude
Zhang Yuan: In the process of artificial intelligence competition, the chip played a kind of what kind of role?
Deng Zhonghan: Chip is the core of these information industries, it should be said that the development of these chips, many of these functions we imagine, will become a bubble. Only the underlying things to keep up, we imagine many of the features can be reflected , We all know that a person go to the next chess, though lost, but he does not need to consume a lot of energy consumption, but AlphaGo it to consume three tons of coal hair energy consumption in order to do the next chess work from this As you can see on the example, there are actually many more things that we have not developed yet, but today we are able to solve and accomplish some tasks through integrated innovation that is not the most efficient, but you are like Google New Launched a generation of artificial intelligence chips called TPU, used in the AlphaMaster and AlphaGoZero inside, it's power consumption is very low, and its computing power and the final result of the game also directly proves that the innovation on the chip by leaps and bounds The innovation is the real original innovation, each generation of new chips directly led to the function of this machine, just as in the past PC (personal electricity ), Etc., as soon upgrade several orders of magnitude, it proves once again as we have in the computer, mobile phone, on the Internet, in which the field of communications, the real decision which is the core competitiveness of the underlying technologies.
Zhang Yuan: Let's take this round of artificial intelligence and big data outbreaks as an example. People saw AlphaGo's victory over human players before starting to pay close attention to it.
Deng Zhonghan: Yes, but artificial intelligence should be said that it has been more than 60 years in an academic field. It has been really late to enter the application. At present, the application of artificial intelligence we are talking about is still relatively unimpressive. However, it will lead us to focus on this field in advance, It will help us to lay out these areas in advance so as to be conducive to development. Therefore, in fact, in the high-tech industry, there are many outlets and bubbles in the high-tech industry. When these bubbles are often used, they are spawning many new technologies Or speeding up the widespread application of many technologies so that everyone knows them. From this perspective, this may be a law of high-tech development. It requires a kind of vitality and an imagination to bring people's strength, Including money, people, technology to gather together, the problem is, we ignore, what are the obstacles we really want to cross? This will lead to problems that we are in this capital, human resources and social resources, all kinds of resources tilt This case should really be used to overcome a lot of technical difficulties and really apply it.
Entrepreneurs how to accompany the common development?
Zhang Yuan: See this area of special fire, the policy also helps, when the funds also help, how do you and these bubbles, or accompanied by it?
Deng Zhonghan: This is actually a question that every entrepreneur must face. As an innovation entrepreneur, I am not only looking at the actual needs of this technology, but also not only the result of this outlet Huge this effect, I have to go to the operation how to be able to link this, so I want to open a chip inside, open our 'Starlight Smart One' chip, we have to deal with a lot of data on the chip, these applications , These algorithms, we have to develop it, until the outlet, these things can be widely applied by various industries.At the same time, I also see which partners are suitable to pull them into this standard system, Let these software on their standard, so that their products are also better service through these things can change many of today's many management methods, including public safety, transportation, smart city these ways, I I think this innovation requires both technology, but also to seize the outlet, but also need to be able to control many aspects of the middle to give it well.