Heart patients, especially those with chronic heart failure who have had heart failure, or who have not recovered their cardiac function after heart surgery, must exercise strict control over their volume of fluid. Excess body fluids that exceed the maximum heart load available will result in tissue Edema, acute pulmonary edema, and even acute left heart failure and other serious consequences, the early symptoms of limbs, eyelids, edema at varying degrees, there will be wheezing, wheezing, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and can not supine Diuresis (excessive urine output) can lead to hypovolemia, hypotension, and thus compensatory rapid heartbeat, causing or aggravating arrhythmia.Therefore, heart patients must learn to observe and record fluid intake and management daily. Specifically divided into the following two parts:
1. To manage the body's salt. The chemical composition of salt is sodium chloride, we need to strictly limit the intake of sodium, especially in patients with heart disease and hypertension. Sodium intake can significantly increase blood volume, And sodium in patients with heart failure retention in the body obvious, difficult to discharge.In general, cardiovascular patients with sodium intake less than 2 grams per day, according to the molecular weight of sodium chloride, equivalent to 5.1 grams of salt.
2. tube body water. Heart patients discharged home, the daily monitoring of liquid intake and discharge, to adjust the balance. The balance of output, that is, 24 hours of output and insignificant loss of water and the amount of 24 hours Flat.Among them, including the amount of water intake and food moisture content, can be estimated with reference to the table; output is the amount of urine and stool volume; insignificant water loss refers to the daily discharge through the breath and skin evaporation of water, this part of the water Of the discharge is not felt, can not be artificially controlled.In general, the daily non-obvious loss of water is 800 to 1000 ml.As for urine output, the estimation is more difficult, initially can be carried out with the container, record a short period of time, the patient It is usually beneficial to be able to judge your urine output more accurately, and to adhere to estimates and records.
If the occurrence of fluid retention (which can be simply understood as excess body water can not be discharged, and accumulated in the body), we must use diuretics, and general use of speeding urine tablets (furosemide tablets), 1 to 2 tablets daily ~ 40 mg), if necessary, add hydrochlorothiazide, spironolactone, the specific usage, please consult the doctor .Use diuretics, should take potassium tablets at the same time, to prevent the occurrence of hypokalemia, causing serious consequences.Meanwhile, combined with diuretics and potassium Film patients, must regularly go to the hospital to check serum potassium, guide the follow-up medication.
