Micro-grid market prospects exactly how? Recently Hao Baxiang TBEA to answer this question, the future of micro-grid will be a new format to participate in the electricity market, the main purpose of the new energy industry is also to be able to effectively improve the problem, the specific situation What?
Micro-grid development background. The development of energy Internet is closely linked with economic development, resource shortage and environmental pollution. Now that the environment is affected, China's per capita energy consumption resources have less than half of the world average. However, China's GDP energy consumption is the world average Of the 2.5 times, will inevitably lead to resource constraints and environmental pollution.We are doing new energy industry are committed to improving the problem, the development of clean energy is bound to be the trend.Clear clean energy there are many problems, wind power, photovoltaic power generation and hydropower station.Power generation For example, due to revolutions and rotations of the earth, there will be a change in the solar radiation of the PV at the exact location of the ground. Wind power has similar problems.
The time dimension is unevenly distributed and the space dimension is unbalanced.Nowadays, the largest wind energy resource area in China is in Inner Mongolia and northern Gansu Province, and the area with large energy load may not be able to supply, but some UHV DC and AC transmission channels are also needed.In order to solve the problem of energy Uneven distribution, and unbalanced dimensions of time and space, many experts put forward the concept of energy Internet, which is to achieve a wide range of access to new energy sources.This concept put forward many different concepts in the future, but the organizational structure is the same. Net proposed the concept of global energy Internet advocates are clean energy-based, high-voltage and UHV grid as the grid. Foreign research centers and domestic enterprises also put forward many concepts, including clean energy and UHV DC, AC and high-pressure DC and AC, as well as smart microgrids.
Energy Internet technology system, which includes energy production to energy transmission and distribution, and then to energy storage and energy consumption, throughout the entire process from production to consumption.The technology is divided into three levels, equipment layer, information layer, application layer. A lot of and efficient solar energy utilization technologies are now very mature Technologies Advanced transmission technology and flexible DC transmission technology Smart micro grid technology and energy router technology Smart micro grid technology From energy production to energy transmission and distribution to energy storage and consumption , The whole chain of technology coverage.Improvement of energy Internet can transition to smart micro-grid, if you really do energy Internet transformation, it requires the underlying energy Internet.
Smart micro-grid proposed many concepts, mainly refers to distributed power, energy storage devices, energy conversion devices, load monitoring and protection devices, in accordance with the topology of a small distribution system. Concept proposed in order to promote high energy The proportion of access, and the development of energy Internet foreign introduced a lot of energy storage policy, the same is true in Japan.China has also introduced some policies, from 2009 to introduce laws and policies to promote the construction and implementation of micro-grid approach. There are two kinds of microgrids, networked and independent microgrids.The networked microgrids can be divided into two main bodies, the main body of users' electricity consumption, including industrial and commercial parks and data centers, and the main selling power sources include distributed energy investors , Sales companies and electric car charging stations and other energy service providers.
Independent micro-grid, mainly for the island, the border post there is no electricity, to solve the problem of local power supply market.Technology of micro-grid development, Wisconsin Madison put forward the concept of microgrid, to GE and Oracle and other companies Have come in to do some micro-grid demonstration.Many world do a lot, but this only lists some typical.
Domestic micro-grid development, the earliest off-grid from Zhoushan micro-grid, and then to the micro-grid renewable energy in Inner Mongolia, and then to do in Jiangsu and Guangdong AC-DC hybrid micro-grid. Micro-grid technology where? Industrial Park. Our own park will also be built distributed photovoltaic and distributed wind power, but also the use of some battery energy storage, there will be some load. Can earn peak-valley spreads, its load is relatively stable to achieve the planned Investigation can reduce the technical support in the park and provide the industrial reliability in the park.For the industrial park, the cost of energy storage is high, and the peak-valley spread in current power consumption in the park is relatively small.The advantages of the commercial complex are Peak-valley difference will be large, to provide access to micro-grid after the access to energy economy protection. Island and mountain areas without electricity, before the use of water on the use of small hydropower, large or diesel power generation. Thailand, an island Is the trend of diesel power generation, kWh in a 6. If the form of micro-grid is now used, the cost of power supply can be seven hair.
There are four kinds of loads, the loads that need to be ensured, the loads that can be interrupted, the loads that can be transferred, and the loads that are added later.It can be seen from these loads that the loads in the parks are many and complicated. Beijing can be seen when the peak of large-scale electricity can do more than one, the valley is around San Mao 7. Peak-to-Valley spread can be close to about eight cents, Shanghai is also Beijing spike in electricity value. The pricing method is two parts, one is the basic electricity price and the other is the electricity price of the power grid.The basic electricity price is collected according to the capacity of the transformer, and a park is 60 MW, which requires a fixed monthly output of 60 MW The typical industrial park takes the two-step electricity price as an example, which is also the actual statistical data. In the industrial park, the electricity consumption of non-residential electricity accounts for 6%, the basic capacity supporting fee accounts for 42%, and the electricity cost 52 %, The proportion of basic electricity accounts for a large proportion of peak electricity consumption time valley peak 35% peak period is 37%, there is a lot of space for optimization of the current industrial park is facing many problems, including operations This high, and there is a lot of space, future expansion needs. We believe that the construction of the park microgrid is an effective means for the park can solve the problem.
Park-level micro-grid network architecture to provide cloud data access and analysis. The middle layer is the management system responsible for micro-grid system management. AC and DC hybrid micro-grid, if the use of energy routers, it can replace the micro-grid inside Central controller and energy management system.We want to provide service and system solution service.Microgrid load situation is different, the park's production situation is different, built micro-grid is a customization problem, need to analyze how to do capacity according to the load situation Provisioning and analytics Designing solutions and energy consumption analysis Multi-timescale energy management from cloud to management functions Remote operation and maintenance via data and cloud platforms What is a primary device layer and energy router Kind of equipment? What is the router in the end, it and the traditional Internet router What is the difference? There are similar places, to provide all the equipment interface. To have AC and DC interfaces, to high pressure and low pressure interface, to achieve data Control function on the energy to achieve energy control we think the energy router can access Photovoltaic and wind power and other equipment.
The essence of energy router is power electronic equipment, formerly power electronic transformer.Power electronic transformer was proposed by American GE R & D Center in 1970, mainly want to replace traditional transformer by power frequency technology and high frequency technology. Finally, the exchange of technology route can be seen, the change of DC want to change a little difficult, the use of copper and iron transformers can achieve electrical isolation and insulation. So far the exchange is also the main power grid structure, GE proposed in 1970 The power voltage is a problem, the cost is very expensive.Device technology development is very fast, and now do power electronic transformers can do the performance and technical indicators and transformer matching level, so some people began to do electronic voltage. Is the same, and ultimately want to achieve the interaction of electricity and information lake, to achieve the user friendly interface.Light weight, smaller, pollution-free, to achieve a variety of power changes and structural matching, to achieve AC and DC matching and High and low voltage matching, to achieve the trend of two-way control.
Alstom, GE, Bombardier have applied the same, technical principle and topology are exactly the same. Initially intended for new energy and micro-grid, after three years of development to make a product, the product is the standard container design using 6 meters. The input power is one MW, the output high voltage AC voltage level is 10 kV, the low voltage is 800 V. The maximum efficiency is 98.2%, the traditional inverter efficiency will reach 98.5%, together with the efficiency of the van transformer is 98% If the use of energy router instead of inverter, then the efficiency of the machine can be increased by more than one point.Electronic voltage and router research and development, belong to the world of cutting-edge technology.When we do work also encountered many problems, the design of modular Low pressure side of the parallel, high-pressure side of the series structure. The entire machine is composed of a unit, if one of the failure can be directly replaced. Advantages of modularity, we will ensure that the system kept running online. During the overhaul, we just replaced the module as soon as the overhaul was completed, which ensured the operation of the key equipment at the microgrid interface.
We mentioned 98.2% efficiency, how can we do? Silicon carbide power device engineering application technology, double active bridge circuit soft switching technology, as well as high-frequency isolation, high power density design technology, the overall maximum efficiency can be done To 98.2% .As switching equipment need to have excellent commonalities, the use of hierarchical control architecture and integrated processor, the ultimate dynamic. We provide a centralized high-voltage direct-grid solutions, as well as DC return-type string-type High-voltage direct grid solution. The second solution is provided for the case of complex topography. Traditional string-type power generation, photovoltaic panels through the inverter and AC cable to the AC grid. Integrated products through electronic routers, The real realization of the road to Jane. Photovoltaic grid is a high voltage alternative to low voltage, DC alternative exchange. We are in the Xi'an park demonstration applications, more than a year of data measurement can be done more than 98%, 20W standby loss at night.
AC micro-grid can earn peak-valley electricity price difference, improve power supply reliability, reduce energy consumption and ensure environmental pollution. Xi'an Micro-grid as an example, the PV is 2 MWh, with 1 MWh of energy storage systems, investment The return period of 6.1 years or so. Technologically reduce the basic capacity of 15%, an additional 10% increase in photovoltaic self-consumption.
The development of electric vehicle charging is direct current, but also to the photovoltaic power generation is DC, and then to the energy storage battery access is also DC. AC micro-grid will be DC all the load changes from DC to AC, wasting a lot of loss, but also increased costs The device is highly integrated and adaptable to a wide range of adaptation cycles.A hybrid AC / DC hybrid microgrid can achieve an efficiency increase of 6.5% and a cost savings of 22% over traditional AC microgrids.
Microgrids Market Prospects Microgrids have seen steady growth in the market in the next three years with more than 400 demonstration grid projects under construction and investment in Europe, the United States, Europe and East Asia. Microgrids will participate in the electricity market in a new format If our share of DC loads is very high, then AC and DC hybrid microgrids are very valuable and energy routers will end up with AC and DC contention.