A few years ago, a very typical example was given of whether or not a tumor would be inherited. The famous American actress Angelina Jolie performed a prophylactic bilateral mastectomy because of the genetic test that she inherited from her mother The mutation of the cancer susceptibility gene brca1 has a high risk of breast cancer of 87%. In the absence of any disease, or even complete absence of any signs of disease, active excision of the breast milk appears to be incomprehensible to many and causes a wide range of heat Julie's story made the public realize that the original cancer will be inherited, more and more people are concerned about their loved ones cancer does not mean that they have great risk.
The answer is affirmative. A large number of studies have shown that tumors are a class of polygenic genetic susceptibility diseases and there is a phenomenon of family clustering. However, different types of tumors, heritability also has size and size. The main tumors are breast cancer, ovarian cancer, non-polyposis colorectal cancer (Lynkey syndrome), etc. These malignant tumors are often closely related to gene mutations.
In hereditary breast and ovarian cancers, the risk of brca1/brca2 mutations is greater. According to the literature, risk of breast and ovarian cancer is 50% to 85% and 15%, respectively, for those who carry the brca1 gene mutation. ~45%; The risk of carrying brca2 mutations was 50% to 85% and 10% to 20%, respectively.
Lynch syndrome is clinically the most common hereditary colorectal cancer syndrome, is caused by a mutation in the MMR gene.People carrying this series of gene mutations prone to a variety of tumors, in addition to colorectal cancer in addition to the endometrium Cancer, ovarian cancer, stomach cancer, small intestine cancer, female patients have a greater risk of endometrial cancer or ovarian cancer.About 60% of patients with Lynch syndrome will occur a second primary tumor, two into three patients Of the above primary tumors.If the patients with Lynch syndrome did not undergo resection when the first colorectal cancer was found, the incidence of another primary colorectal cancer within 10 years was more than 1/4, so early diagnosis of Lynch syndrome Levy, for the treatment of colorectal cancer has a major guiding role.
Family of patients with these types of cancer patients, it is recommended to carry out targeted cancer screening can be consulted to a professional genetic counseling clinic.If you determine the mutation carrying the gene, should be extra vigilant, but not too panic.Although the mutation carriers Risk of cancer is high, but not 100% will be the incidence of attention .To strengthen prevention, familiar with the disease early signals, regular physical examination .In life, a reasonable diet, regular exercise, smoking cessation, psychological balance, maintain good habits are Reduce the incidence of cancer important factor.
