Jiang Duzhong 1Chen Hong waves 2He Yang 2Liu Feng 1Tang good army 1European reputation 1, Into a loose pine1
(1 Hunan Tobacco Company Yongzhou Company, Yongzhou 425000, Hunan Province; 2 Hunan Tobacco Company, Changsha 410004)
Abstract: In order to explore the utilization of biomass fuels in tobacco leaf roasting, to achieve energy saving and environmental protection and cost reduction and efficiency enhancement of tobacco leaf roasting, the lower and middle leaves of 'XiangYan 5' were used as experimental material and biomass pellet burner The corresponding heat exchanger, direct docking metal heating equipment and direct docking non-metallic heating equipment three kinds of application methods, compared with the one-time coal non-metallic heating equipment, the application of biomass pellet furnace was studied.The results show : The use of biomass pellet heating furnace for tobacco baking, is conducive to the baking process of the dry bulb temperature control, dry-bulb temperature control accuracy within ± 0.5 ℃, to ensure that the baking process in place to improve the baking quality of tobacco ; The cost of baking energy consumption is lower than that of coal burning, and the difficulty and labor cost of baking operation such as adding material, ignition, controlling fire and slag discharging are much lower than those of traditional coal burning method; Reduce the labor cost; biomass particle burner in the original arrangement of the corresponding heat exchanger intensive barn better effect, followed by direct docking metal heating equipment, direct docking non-metallic heating equipment, the effect of phase Poor.
0 Preface
With the development of modern tobacco agriculture, the tobacco leaf baking gradually realize the specialization, pay more attention to the baking process of labor, energy consumption and quality of the tobacco after baking and other issues [1-7]Tobacco baking is a process of consuming a lot of heat, and the consumption of coal per 1kg of dry leaf is generally 1.5 ~ 2.0kg, and the utilization rate of heat energy is relatively low. Each year, flue-cured tobacco consumes 350-450,000 tons of coal, 2About 8.38 million t, SO 2About 25,600 t, NO xAbout 2.37 million t [8-13]In addition, the dust, carbon black and fly ash released by burning coal during the baking season bring great pollution to the surrounding environment, baking has become one of the major sources of pollution in tobacco production [14-19]In order to explore the use of clean energy of tobacco baking, energy saving and environmental protection and improve quality and efficiency, more relevant research has been carried out on clean energy and related equipment, and achieved some results [20-24]. Wang Jian'an et al. Carried out the research and analysis on the hot-water centralized heating flue-cured tobacco equipment for biomass burning boilers and concluded that the centralized hot water heating of the biomass burning boilers favors the baking process in the baking room State, to increase the proportion of the upper middle-class smoke, reducing the labor intensity of baking.In order to adapt to the existing replacement and upgrading of intensive barn equipment, the author of the biomass particle furnace in the application of existing intensive barn to test in order to achieve Tobacco baking facilities efficient, efficient management, baking efficient purpose.
1 materials and methods
1.1 test time and place
The trial was conducted in Dayuan Tobacco Factory, Dongan County, Yongzhou City, Hunan Province in 2016.
1.2 Test Materials
The tested varieties of tobacco were 'Hunan No. 5' and the middle and lower leaves were part of the experiment. The barn was 2.7m × 8.0m with 4 air-tight rising barns. The test equipment was 3 sets of biomass pellet burning furnaces.
1.3 test method
1.3.1 Experimental Design Design 4 processes: 1, Biomass pellet burner direct docking of the original metal heating equipment intensive barn, the use of the original heat exchanger; T 2, Biomass pellet burner configuration of the corresponding heat exchanger; 3, Biomass pellet burner direct docking non-metallic heating equipment intensive barn, the use of the original heat exchanger; T 4, Control (one-time non-metallic coal heating equipment.) The second, four-room tobacco leaf tobacco baking test.
1.3.2 tobacco leaves for the test to determine the conditions for the test barn flue-cured tobacco varieties, nutritional conditions, location, maturity should be balanced.In order to ensure the accuracy of the experiment, before the test should be the same quality tobacco plants in the field as a mark, The 4th to 6th leaves and the 9th to 11th leaves represent the lower part and the middle part, respectively, and are recorded strictly. The leaves are ripe and harvested.
1.3.3 Method of compiling cigarettes Smoke cigarettes folder, the lower part of the leaf 4000kg / room, 190-210 tablets per folder, weighing about 11kg, each room filled with 330-350 clips of cigarettes; central leaf 4500kg / room, each clip folder smoke 170 ~ 190 pieces, weighing about 12kg, 340 ~ 360 clips per room.
1.3.4 Baking Test Each treatment and control according to the local routine baking process.
1.4 measurement items and methods
1.4.1 Observation Content The condition of temperature and humidity in the baking process, the change of the tobacco leaf, the amount of coal consumed (biomass fuel), the power consumption, the appearance quality of the cured tobacco leaf, the economic characters, the chemical composition and the usage of the barn.
1.4.2 Determination of reducing sugar, starch, total nitrogen and chlorine content by continuous flow method, potassium content was determined by flame photometry.
2 results and analysis
2.1 The handling of energy consumption
As can be seen from Table 1, the lower leaf baking, kilograms of dry smoke power consumption T 2Lowest, followed by T 1, T3And CK; The amount of biomass fuel pellets consumed by three dry kilograms of tobacco consumed in T 2Lowest, followed by T 1And T 3, CK kilograms of dry smoke coal consumption of 2.20kg; kilograms of dry smoke energy costs to T 2Lowest, followed by T 1, T3And CK, T 1Kg of energy consumption of dry smoke than CK reduced by 0.15 yuan, a decrease of 7.61 percentage points, 2Kg of energy consumption of dry smoke than CK reduced by 0.26 yuan, a decrease of 13.20 percentage points, 3Of the kilograms of dry smoke energy costs lower than CK 0.12 yuan, a decrease of 6.09 percentage points in the middle leaf roast, kilograms of dry smoke power consumption to T 2Lowest, followed by T 1And T 3, CK the highest; 3 kg of dry matter consumed biomass fuel particles to T 2Lowest, followed by T 1And T 3, CK kilograms of dry smoke coal consumption of 1.81kg; kilograms of dry smoke energy costs to T 2Lowest, followed by T 1, T3And CK, T 1Kg of energy consumption of dry smoke than CK reduced by 0.02 yuan, a decrease of 1.22 percentage points, 2Kg of energy consumption of dry smoke than CK reduced 0.06 yuan, a decrease of 3.66 percentage points, 3Of kiln dry smoke energy consumption cost reduced by 0.01 yuan compared with CK, 0.61 percentage points lower, indicating the use of biomass pellet heating furnace for tobacco baking, combustion efficiency and heat utilization is higher, is conducive to reducing energy costs.
2.2 different processing temperature control in the baking process
It can be seen from Fig. 1 to Fig. 2 that during the baking process, the dry bulb temperature is basically the same as the target temperature, and the control of the heating rate is relatively accurate. Especially, in the fixing period, Sensitive warming controllable, obvious advantages over coal-fired furnace, CK, the dry-bulb temperature and the target temperature deviation greater .Bake the lower leaf baking process, T 1The average dry bulb temperature and target dry bulb temperature deviation is ± 0.27 ℃, T 2Of the dry-bulb temperature and target dry-bulb temperature deviation of an average of ± 0.20 ℃, T 3Of the dry-bulb temperature and the target dry-bulb temperature deviation average of ± 0.36 ℃, CK dry-bulb temperature and the target dry-bulb temperature deviation of ± 1.61 ℃; the middle leaf baking process, T 1Of the dry-bulb temperature and target dry-bulb temperature deviation of an average of ± 0.24 ℃, T 2The average dry bulb temperature and the target dry bulb temperature deviation is ± 0.21 ℃, T 3Of the dry-bulb temperature and the target dry-bulb temperature deviation average of ± 0.49 ℃, CK, the dry-bulb temperature and the target dry-bulb temperature deviation of an average of ± 1.39 ℃ .3 treatment, the dry bulb temperature control accuracy is higher T 2, Followed by T 1, T3Which may be related to the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger.This shows that the use of biomass particle furnace heating for tobacco baking, the drying process in the dry bulb temperature and temperature control more accurate, is conducive to the baking process Put in place.
2.3 different treatment of economic traits
As can be seen from Table 2, the lower leaf bake, T 1, T2And T 3Higher than that of CK by 6.47, 13.22 and 4.25 percentage points respectively, and the average price increased by 2.65, 3.28 and 1.39 yuan / kg respectively compared with CK, which increased 11.56, 14.31 and 6.06 percentage points respectively. , T 1, T2, T3Higher than that of CK by 4.39, 18.10 and 3.67 percentage points respectively, the average price increased by 1.60, 2.20 and 0.69 yuan / kg respectively compared with CK, which increased by 5.20, 7.15 and 2.24 percentage points respectively. Burning stove for tobacco baking, baking process implementation in place, is conducive to improving the quality of tobacco baking, increase efficiency.
2.4 different processing of chemical composition
As can be seen from Table 3, the content of reducing sugar, nicotine, total nitrogen, chlorine and potassium in different parts of different treatments were all suitable.The starch content of the three treatments were lower than CK, Tobacco starch content T 1, T2And T 3Compared with CK decreased by 1.32, 1.44 and 1.15 percentage points respectively. The starch content T 1, T2, T3Which is 1.18, 1.53 and 1.06 percentage points lower than that of CK, respectively. It shows that the biomass of the tobacco leaves is bake by heating with biomass pellet furnace. The chemical composition of the tobacco leaf is more coordinated, especially the starch content is lower, which is beneficial to improve the inherent quality of the tobacco leaf. .
2.5 different processing employment situation
Table 4 shows that the use of biomass pellet heating furnace for tobacco baking, burning time is only 62min, compared with coal roasting saving time 178min, especially in the ignition and control aspects of the heating of biomass heating equipment to achieve automatic Control, and control more accurately.Therefore, the use of biomass heating equipment to biomass particles as a fuel for tobacco baking is conducive to reducing costs, and the operation is simple and easy.
3 Conclusion
The use of biomass pellet heating furnace for tobacco baking is conducive to the baking process of the ball temperature control, dry-bulb temperature control accuracy within ± 0.5 ℃, to ensure that the baking process in place to improve the baking quality of tobacco, After roasting, the proportion and average price of top-grade tobacco were higher than that of coal-fired roasting, the chemical composition was more coordinated, and the starch content was lower, which was beneficial to improve the inherent quality of tobacco.
The use of biomass pellet heating furnace for tobacco baking, baking energy costs lower than coal-fired baking, and baking operations such as Tim material, ignition, fire control and slag and other difficult and labor is much lower than the traditional combustion Coal way, tobacco farmers easy to grasp, is conducive to tobacco leaf roasting to reduce costs.
Biomass pellet furnace in the original intensive barn 3 ways to configure the corresponding heat exchanger is better, followed by a direct docking metal heating equipment, direct docking non-metallic heating equipment is relatively poor.
4 discussion
There is no stable supply chain for biomass pellet fuel. The application of tobacco pellets to baking should be based on the location of the tobacco baking factory and the tobacco farmers cooperatives self-processing.
The current biomass pellet furnace feeding method uses artificial one-seperate feeding operation, can explore more than one barn automatic feeding device to achieve automatic feeding, to further reduce the tobacco bake labor.
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