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In accordance with the corresponding scrapping standards, it is estimated that by 2018 China's power battery waste recycling market will take shape and the recovery companies will usher in profit-making points brought by economies of scale.
December 1, "vehicle power battery recycling specifications" was officially implemented.At the same time, "the new energy vehicles power battery recycling Interim Measures" was officially released soon.The new policy for recycling channels and related standards are further improved.
According to the forecast by China Automotive Technology and Research Center, the cumulative scrapped capacity of pure electric (including plug-in) passenger cars and hybrid passenger cars in China will reach 120,000-117 million tons by 2020. Currently, Scrapped
Recently, Watermark energy storage technology related parties in an interview with 21st Century Business Herald pointed out that to enhance the efficiency of recycling, we must first clear the power battery recycling route, followed by multiple parties participate in the recovery of shared responsibility to encourage battery manufacturers, waste Battery collection enterprises and the use of enterprises to jointly build waste battery collection system.
Guangdong is one of the largest lithium battery manufacturing bases in the world. Only the production of power battery accounts for 60% of the total in China, with companies such as BYD, BAK, Watermar, Penghui, The pilot demonstration cities for new energy vehicles and pilot pilots for the first private purchase of new energy vehicles in China were the pilot cities in China, and Shenzhen was also a cluster of new energy automotive industry chains, with Shenzhen and its surrounding enterprises beginning to allocate segments.
Recycling route blind spot
It is understood that the battery used in car batteries are lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries and fuel cells, etc. Among them, the lead-acid batteries have been in the Ministry of Environmental Protection hazardous waste disposal directory, need to be rewarded with hazardous waste disposal qualification Factory processing.
In January this year, the "Plan for Promoting the Extension of Producer Responsibility" first took the lead in defining the system of extension of producer responsibility for the four categories of products such as electrical appliances, electronics, automobiles, lead-acid batteries and packaging, and the manufacturer was responsible for the recycling of used products .
But the lead-acid batteries in the circulation is still relatively fragmented, but also to the follow-up of the recovery has brought difficulty.Reporter recently visited the Shenzhen Baganling Area more than car batteries and distributors found that for the sale of batteries, stores vast Most are responsible for the recovery of behalf of users, and the scope of recycling is not limited to the battery sold in this store.
According to the size of the capacity, the recovery of the price ranged from 40-200 yuan.A shopkeeper said the store recycling used lead-acid batteries, and then resold to qualified waste recycling companies for centralized treatment.
'For batteries with lead-acid batteries, the replacement of the manufacturer is relatively expensive, so some consumers choose to buy their own replacement, but because the lithium battery can not buy, you have to find the original factory.'
Replacing lead-acid batteries in lithium batteries to become the mainstream of the future trend of the battery, power lithium battery recovery system is relatively complete.
At present, the battery recycling mode mainly battery manufacturer recovery mode, industry alliance recovery mode and third-party recovery mode.
'From the recycling channels, the main sources of waste battery recycling vehicle maintenance companies, battery manufacturers and scrapped car dismantling companies, battery companies and OEMs generally only for their own production of batteries to establish recycling channels, and professional third-party recycling companies The layout of recycling channels is more comprehensive, "said Watma said.
To OEMs, for example, the reporter learned from BYD, borrowing a sound dealer service network, BYD on the electric vehicle battery can achieve 100% recovery .Wu Shima in Shenzhen for the recovery of used batteries, but also to build The network system.Application of reverse logistics mode, combined with vehicle companies, raw materials manufacturing enterprises to form a recycling industry chain, thus the battery from manufacturing, consumption to the recycling of the entire circulation of organic integration.
In addition, Shenzhen and its surrounding areas also have specialized in the recovery of power batteries and other third-party companies, such as Green United States, Guangdong Bangpu and other enterprises to jointly build a multi-participating recycling system.
However, with fewer specialized recycling companies and government recycling centers, coupled with the drive of market interest, there are many unskilled recycling stations engaged in the recovery of powered lithium batteries.
This reporter said that in order to reduce costs, generally not for personal recovery, but also only buy and hold the energy storage battery packs, the reporter dialed the Internet, Completely scrapped do not receive.
Different types of battery manufacturing and design process complexity, series and parallel form into groups, service and use of time, the application of models and the use of working conditions of diversity, small workshops can not be related to technology and data. So there is a great small cell battery The security risks.
Waterma said the above-mentioned people also expressed the hope that the government will issue relevant policies and strictly supervise them, and at the same time, grant corresponding financial support to the qualified enterprises.
Guangdong Province Circular Economy and Resources Comprehensive Utilization Association's insiders pointed out that Shenzhen in the promotion of new energy vehicles, the owners need to pay a deposit .After the car scrapped the property back to the car manufacturer, access to the deposit returned, 'the equivalent of A closed-loop recovery, the recovery of the battery have some protection '.
Standard to be unified
Channel problems directly affect the efficiency of subsequent recycling.At present, the industry for the recycling of decommissioned batteries are basically in the initial stages of research, the use of the technology route is the first to conduct performance testing and evaluation, good health status of the battery will be used to echelon Energy storage and other fields. For scrapped batteries that can not meet the requirements of echelon utilization, the internal raw materials are recycled through disassembling and crushing to finally obtain metal materials and metal salts such as lithium carbonate.
At present, the use of echelon still dominate the entire recycling market, but the type of cell, the size is also a big problem.
Power lithium battery itself more types, according to the main cathode materials are lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel oxide, ternary materials, lithium iron phosphate, etc. Different types of lithium batteries used in the recovery process, and Its economic benefits will be different, 'the current recycling value of ternary batteries is relatively large.' Wattle said the above-mentioned people.
In accordance with the corresponding scrapping standards, it is estimated that by 2018 China Power Battery Waste Recycling Market will take shape and the recovery enterprises will usher in profit-making points brought by economies of scale.
Since the end of last year, the relevant norms for the recovery of used batteries have become more and more intensive.In December 2016, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology promulgated the Interim Measures for Management of Recovery and Utilization of Power Battery for New Energy Vehicles (Draft for Comment), and initially regulated the power battery recycling .
In May this year, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the State Standardization Administration of China approved the promulgation of the "Specification for Dismantling and Recycling of Vehicle Power Battery" (referred to as "Disassembly Specification" for short). This is accomplished domestically by the China Automotive Technology Research Center The first national standard on the recovery and use of vehicle power battery, on May 12, 2017, the National Standardization Administration formally approved the promulgation of the "Dismantling Specification" and decided to implement it on December 1, 2017.
In power battery company insiders view, "dismantling norms," although to some extent, improve the industry norms, recycling of used power batteries, safety, operating procedures, storage and management and other aspects of the strict requirements, but for the current The biggest constraint on the recycling of used batteries, namely, the issue of the size and size of the battery model has not been covered yet.
Guangdong Province Circular Economy and Resources Comprehensive Utilization Association insiders told reporters that the reunification of relevant standards is the direction of future policy efforts to try to establish a uniform standard conducive to the recovery chain operation.But still encourage differentiation because the energy density and other technical indicators are the battery The competitiveness of enterprises in the market competition, the standardization of the internal structure needs to be explored.
