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1. There are big differences in innate conditions between the two sides. There are big differences in AI development policies between the two sides.
In July 2017, the State Council of China proposed "a new generation of artificial intelligence development plan" in order to propose the first national-level policy on artificial intelligence and carry out development planning in three phases with the goal of becoming an artificial intelligence technology and industrial application country by 2030. This The plan proposes a framework for the theoretical categories of artificial intelligence, discusses the industrial development and application areas, proposes a talent plan for the AI field, and expects to reach the goal through various phases so as to promote the next wave of industrial upgrading.
After more than 60 years of evolution, artificial intelligence has become the focus of international competition under the wave of new technologies such as big data, mobile applications, supercomputers, Internet of Things, brain sciences, new theoretical developments and socio-economic advances. In the past, artificial intelligence was attributed to other development projects in other programs. Due to the rapid progress, the early implementation of the "Internet +" artificial intelligence three-year action plan was put into promotion and the plan will be implemented until 2018. In order to grasp the development trend, Take the lead, and become the leading country in the world of artificial intelligence development, continue planning to launch in July 2017 "a new generation of artificial intelligence development plan," artificial intelligence to the level of national strategy, and announced three-phase development plan, this The separate development of artificial intelligence as a key project shows that the Chinese government attaches great importance to this field.
China's three-step AI policy covers a wider area than the Internet +
Compared with the "Internet +" three-year AI implementation plan, "the newly announced" New Generation of AI Development Plan "covers a wider area and focuses more on government services and industrial applications.
2020: China's development goal at this stage is to synchronize with the world advanced level in the overall application of artificial intelligence, hoping to make artificial intelligence industry a new economic growth point, and the application of artificial intelligence technology as a new way to improve people's livelihood. Development: Big data intelligence, cross-media intelligence, group intelligence, hybrid enhancement intelligence, autonomous intelligent system, simultaneous development of core components and high-end equipment in line with the needs of hard devices, etc. Objectives To launch innovative applications in key areas in an all-round way, And innovation team.According to the advancement of industry development, establish artificial intelligence technology standards, service system and industrial ecological chain.It was initially established in some fields of artificial intelligence ethics and policies and regulations.
2025: China should make major breakthroughs in the basic theory of artificial intelligence, some of its technologies and applications will reach the advanced level in the world, artificial intelligence will become the main driving force for industrial upgrading and economic restructuring in China, and a positive development will be reached in the building of a smart society. Used in intelligent manufacturing, smart medical, smart city, smart agriculture and national defense construction.
2030: By this time, China will become the world's leading artificial intelligence innovation center in the world in terms of artificial intelligence theory, technology and applications, and will form a complete industrial chain and advanced industries covering core technologies, key systems, supporting platforms and intelligent applications group.
Three major areas to support the development of China's AI
As the major developed countries in the world regard artificial intelligence as their primary strategy for enhancing national competitiveness and safeguarding national security, the State Council plans this "new generation of artificial intelligence development plan," focusing on core technology development, top talent introduction and cultivation , And implemented standards and measures according to the development needs of the industry. The goal is to grasp the key technologies and leadership in the development of artificial intelligence and promote artificial intelligence to create new technologies, new products, new industries and new modes and become the new impetus for economic growth.
For the layout of artificial intelligence development, a "1 + N" artificial intelligence planning group is set up to coordinate new technology development with key national projects. "1" refers to a new generation of major artificial intelligence projects that focus on basic theories and key common technologies Forward-looking layout. "N" refers to the artificial intelligence R & D project deployed in the relevant national planning plan. The emphasis is on strengthening the interface with major science and technology projects of the new generation of artificial intelligence and promoting the theoretical research, technological breakthrough and product development and application of artificial intelligence. The development of artificial intelligence software and hardware is supported in major national science and technology projects such as "nuclear high base" (core electronic components, high-end general purpose chips, basic software) and integrated circuit equipment.
China is still closely followed up in the R & D and manufacturing of core chips and components and software development. With the use of major national science and technology projects, China has mastered the self-made technologies and independent production capabilities of key components and formed a complete industrial ecosystem for the development of domestic artificial intelligence The hardware and technology needed to provide support, and accelerate the development of artificial intelligence and industrial applications.
AI development must focus on the establishment of basic theories and hardware support systems. The Chinese government hopes to build an environment suitable for the development of AI. R & D on existing data and data will encourage the parties to invest in research by establishing open platforms and open source code To develop the theory and application of AI field, the goal is to expand into industrial application in the future and form another impetus for industrial upgrading. In order to achieve this goal, the Chinese government, in addition to its planned support, also supports the establishment and encouragement of the park And other ways to speed up the development of AI.
Led by the Chinese government to give priority to several industries Start discussion of standards, and encourage domestic enterprises to participate in or lead the development of international standards, with technical standards to "go global" to promote the application of artificial intelligence products and services in overseas applications. Initial application-oriented hardware slot , Interfaces and other standards, testing standards developed in the hope that through the domestic industrial technology and market size, promote the development of international standards conducive to the development and expansion of overseas markets in the future, and to avoid being subject to other countries standards and technology and the security risks .
The plan mentions the formulation of relevant intellectual property and ethical norms, and under the set of common norms and standards of moral values, develops artificial intelligence, protects property rights and interests, and avoids ethical controversies in application. It also seeks to seek a solution to the problems of artificial intelligence laws and regulations, international Rules and other aspects of international cooperation to jointly cope with global challenges.
China AI talent gap to attract global talent as the most important task
China and the United States are leaders in the field of artificial intelligence research and development in the world today. The number of published scientific papers and invention patents in the world ranks the second in the world. However, compared with the major countries such as the United Kingdom, India, Germany and Japan, China In the impact of the paper is also slightly inferior to Britain and the United States and other countries, so focus on the relevant basic theory and technology to speed up the research and development process.
The United States ranks first in the world in artificial intelligence and seventh in China, and the Chinese government estimates that there will be a gap of up to five million in the demand for artificial intelligence in the country and about 50,000 existing personnel. In order to speed up the breakthrough of basic theory and technology, especially to lock in high-level talents and match with the establishment of artificial intelligence industrial park, we should provide the development niche. At this stage, the Chinese in the United States returned or invested in the development of China's artificial intelligence Bulk, the future will attract more talents from all over the world.China's technology companies have invested heavily to recruit overseas talent, especially relying on big data and resources platform providers, artificial intelligence research personnel more attractive.
The AI program in China emphasizes cultivating leading enterprises in various fields such as Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent and other large enterprises, through its accumulated technical energy and huge data resources, as a unique advantage of developing artificial intelligence, using data provided by large platforms Resources and technology development, expect to be able to drive the development of related application systems and equipment, such as unmanned vehicles, wearable devices, robots, IoT sensors, etc., bringing together various industry resources to form a new ecological chain and promoting the development of artificial intelligence in SMEs With various fields of application.
The building of a communications infrastructure (5G) has also become an important support project as data collection needs to accumulate big data for development and use of artificial intelligence through a variety of sensing, transmission, storage, computing and processing functions, etc. Big Data Storage and Supercomputer And other equipment, the average company can not afford the fear of the Chinese government led the construction of supercomputing center on the application of artificial intelligence.China in the development of 5G communication technology and specifications, Taiwan factory should continue to track the future to push the product to China then To meet the needs of the local market specifications. In addition to consider the system equipment and power supply stability requirements, and therefore simultaneously promote the new smart energy network as the future energy supply and demand planning basis.
Taiwan limited market size AI development depends on overseas training
Taiwan's Ministry of Science and Technology announced AI development programs in succession, divided into five major areas including R & D services, innovation value-added, creative practice, industrial pilotage and social participation, and promoted the application and development of AI through the joint efforts of industry, universities and research institutes. Development, industrial applications of AI in the robot industry, and development of infrastructure and key chips.China's competitive state with Taiwan in basic theory, robotics application and chip development are all expected to grasp the autonomy of industrial applications and key chips in the future AI ability.
In the development of artificial intelligence, all countries put forward relevant policies to attract talents. At present, there are a large number of overseas Chinese and returned overseas students who have returned to China for development. People and the government devote large amounts of resources to recruit top talent from all over the world. Taiwan should think about how to create a stimulating business environment in the country. At the same time, we should consider the relevant laws and regulations on the work of foreigners in Taiwan in order to attract talented people to go back to Taiwan or come to invest and manage in Taiwan.
The Chinese government supports and nurtures the AI talent pool with state power and develops AI's energy accumulation at the theoretical and industrial level through independent research and development. The demand for qualified personnel within AI in China is gradually expanding. By opening up specialized channels and encouraging specific areas Of overseas experts and teams to cooperate with domestic academic units and research institutes, and use preferential policies to guide enterprises to introduce AI-related talents.
If Taiwan can not create an enabling environment within a short period of time, overseas military training can serve as a way for the country to simultaneously cultivate future talents in the field of artificial intelligence. Through academic exchange, internships or cooperation with major overseas companies, it speeds up the development of artificial intelligence accumulation.
Ministry of Science and Technology released AI talent training program and China's AI development plan to control the initial planning of taiwan with independent training and overseas training, China is to increase the absorption of overseas talents to China's development, especially for key areas of top talent and outstanding youth Talent as the goal.
Taiwan still has advantages in IC design and chip manufacturing in the world and should focus on the development of AI on chip. In the future, artificial intelligence chips and high-performance computing chips will push up the demand as the related products are pushed forward. Therefore, high-performance computing power The chip production capacity is the development of artificial intelligence, self-driving and other next-generation technology infrastructure.
The development of related IoT and sensors can also be in line with the development trend of AI. The development of AI requires a large amount of data. Taiwan currently has relatively few big data resources. Therefore, through the establishment of sensors and the promotion of intelligent terminal equipment and products, the IoT is used to collect data , Which develops artificial intelligence for data collected in the environment or in special fields. According to the recommendations of the Ministry of Science and Technology, it can be further developed in the fields of intelligent applications such as financial technology, intelligent manufacturing, intelligent health care, and intelligent transportation.
2. Reduce police psychological distress, the British police search AI content of child pornography;
In 2016, Interpol announced that it would use artificial intelligence technology to assist in the search for child pornography on the Internet and ban and arrest as soon as possible of those who have disseminated these illicit contents. Now the British police are also introducing artificial intelligence systems to remove suspected child pornography In the computers and smartphones that belong to suspects, try to identify the videos and images in question.
British police said they have used the software to help scan and identify images containing firearms, drugs and money for some time, but the software has not been effective in identifying nude photos and is expected to see improvements in the next two to three years. The ultimate goal of the police is, The use of artificial intelligence to shorten the time spent on scanning confiscation devices while avoiding the need to navigate through these disturbing images daily, traumatizing police officers in charge of the cases.
Police also said that in order to impose varying degrees of sentencing on criminals, they now need to classify child pornography in person. It is conceivable how distraught those dealing with cases year after year could be able to train artificial intelligence instead Reduce human involvement
3.AI to assist medical fundus detection accuracy has reached more than Jiucheng;
Due to the lack of ophthalmology staff in Taiwan and the low referral rate of diabetic eye tests, ITRI has developed the "AI Recognition Medical Imaging System." Based on a large database of fundus images and a database of physician identification marks, AIU assisted physicians in screening High-risk groups and patients in need of care, to improve the prevention and treatment, the current accuracy has reached more than 90%
Chen Jianren, manager of ITC's Intelligent Clinic System, pointed out that due to the current shortage of ophthalmologists in Taiwan, there are fewer than 1,700 ophthalmologists in Taiwan. However, 35% of patients with diabetic mellitus experience retinopathy after the onset of 10 years, Will lead to further blindness.However, diabetic patients who are accustomed to seeing a doctor's home or a general medical department in a district hospital or district clinic have only confirmed that 17.4% of them have a referral to an eye clinic when they have any doubt of fundus diseases. Therefore, Equipment, hoping to help home medical doctors with artificial intelligence eye fundus examination.
The AI-Recognition Medical Imaging System uses TensorFlow, a Goole open-source machine learning system, to conduct thousands of in-depth studies with 50,000 images from open databases and has undergone another 50,000 image tests. At present, the accuracy of the identification can reach 90 %. The device has entered the clinical validation phase, hoping to start in 2018 the device into the home medical clinic.
In Taiwan, there are as many as 2.27 million people with diabetes, and the overall rate of myopia in the country is as high as 43%. There is a high risk of macular degeneration and cataracts. The unit specifically shows the relationship between ITRI and regional hospitals such as Beijing Medical Association, Family Medicine Clinic 15 hospitals and diabetes care network, county Health Inspection Center and nonprofit groups cross-industry integration of health and medical innovation services.Chen Jianren said that as the retinal area contains the retina and macular, in addition to the detection of complications of diabetes, The future also plans to promote equipment to the glasses line, so that the general public are more likely to maintain eye health.
Chen further said that in the future, the technology can also be used in the field of wound care.With artificial intelligence to identify the proportion of wound tissue and image changes, to help nurses to accurately understand the wound changes, and then through the cloud platform online, obtained the first time Professional wound care of human support, improve medical efficiency, will lead the development of smart medical software industry and new medical imaging equipment manufacturers value-added business opportunities.
4. Processor / Software Framework A two-pronged IBM team teamed up to build the AI ecosystem in Taiwan
In response to the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) and the improvement of Taiwan's AI ecosystem, IBM announced the expansion of cooperation with Qunhuan Technology, the PowerAI Deep Learning Platform framework, the simulation testing of AI solutions, and the accelerated learning framework and neural network training time; and IBM also released a new generation of POWER9 processors to enhance AI computing performance and look forward to enhancing its AI competitiveness with the help of PowerAI's deep learning platform framework and POWER9.
Li Zhengyi, general manager of IBM's Hardware Systems Division in Taiwan, said that under the wave of AI, many companies are actively thinking about the direction of transformation and IT deployment strategy. IBM has actively accelerated the development of upper-level applications from hardware and expanded cooperation with Qunhuan Technologies to promote PowerAI's deep learning Architecture and other cognitive solutions; IBM also continued in the mainframe, server and storage services injected AI kinetic energy, such as the introduction of POWER9 and related data flow storage and management.
IBM recently released a POWER9 processor designed for AI workloads, helping to speed up the construction of AI applications.Wu Zhifeng, senior information technology consultant IBM hardware systems department pointed out that POWER9 processor with two IBM's unique technology, respectively, to support NVIDIA NVLINK for dramatically increasing data exchange between the GPU and the CPU, and built-in Distributed Deep Learning (DDL) software in the POWER9 processor to enhance deep learning performance.
Wu Zhifeng further explained that deep learning training will use the data resources of the GPU and the CPU. In order to make the data transmission speed between the GPU and the CPU also be the same as that of the GPU and the GPU, IBM will cooperate with NVIDIA to develop the NVLINK technology, Improve memory system data movement between GPU and CPU.
As DDL software is used to enhance the effectiveness of large-scale deep learning model, and can shorten the time to train a deep learning model.In the past to deploy large-scale deep learning often takes days or even weeks to train a deep learning model, The development of DDL IBM, dozens of servers can be optimized, a total of hundreds of GPU parallel computing, increase processing speed, reduce the depth of learning model training time.
In addition to DDL, IBM also has a software development kit for IBM Deep Learning Impact that provides complete life-cycle management as it develops and optimizes neural networks; it also provides 11 industry-related models that include hyper-parametric Excellent, can improve the accuracy of 5 to 10%, and parallel training, is now 85% speedup can be done to help users quickly converge to make a good model.
Li Zhengyi said that IBM has been able to provide AI kinetic energy that meets specific industry needs and accelerate corporate awareness by bringing industrial scenarios, data and professional experience into cognitive solutions, linking IBM's knowledge-based AI deep learning platform with Know-how across industries Transformation, promote the development of Taiwanese AI ecosystem