This article from the automotive plastic parts dermatogic definition, implementation and design guidance and other aspects to start, take everyone into the car interior 'texture' world!
With the development trend of the automobile industry, consumers pay more and more attention to the refinement and personalization of interior and exterior automotive parts.Developed pattern of plastic parts, as one of the most important factors affecting the interior and exterior styles of automobiles, involves aesthetic, Touch, and security, and to a certain extent, weaken the appearance of defects in products, improve the quality and value of internal and external parts, showing its important role in market competition.
1, the concept of dermatoglyphs
Dermatoglyphics refers to natural lines born in the epidermis of the skin and usually refers to natural lines on the surface of skin of humans or other animals such as cows, deer, crocodiles, etc. It also refers to textures on surfaces of plants such as tree skins, cross-sections and leaves. With the expansion of the concept of modern design, the development of other natural or artificial surface texture, such as stone lines, fabric lines, spark lines and so on.
Animal skin pattern
Plant striae
Other dermatoglyphs
The term "dermatoglyphics" in this paper refers to the ornamentation on the surface of plastic products, which are rough, smooth, soft and hard due to the different materials, the arrangement of the surface, the organization and the structure.
1.1 dermatogic divided by style includes the following three aspects:
1) Characteristic
Fingerprint road unit shape can be described by the geometry or pictographic form.Common form such as linear, block, line block combination and litchi shape, etc., as shown in Figure 1 dermatoglyphics block structure.Round element shape size, The direction, the direction of the arrangement and combination and the degree of density of the unit combinations all have an important influence on the macro style of the dermatoglyphs.
2) Directionality
Some dermatoglyphic features have obvious directionality, as shown in Figure 2, we can see that this dermatoglyphic obvious veins to the trend of some regular unit features dermatoglyphs have no direction, shown in Figure 3. Car There is no directional less leather striae.
3) Hierarchical
Leather patterns are basically three-dimensional dermatoglyphs, three-dimensional dermatoglyphic hierarchy, the microscopic performance of dermatoglyphics in the depth direction by the 2 to 5 different depth values of the composition; macroscopically the surface of the leather grain Full of rounded surface, the level of ups and downs, the characteristics of natural transition, gives the visual impact of more gentle, with a magnification of 50 times the magnification to see the level.The following figure is a typical multi-level dermatoglyphics.
Striped features and layers of texture
Dermatoglyphic direction
Ruled rules unit
1.2 dermatoglyphs according to the size can be divided into the following three:
(1) rough skin pattern:
Is the real world has been dermatoglyphics evolved, texture lines close to the real texture, more delicate, a sense of hierarchy, can improve the grade of the vehicle interior, the general texture depth between 80 ~ 150um.Rubber pattern is generally used as a car interior The main dermatoglyphics, there is a strong sense of the overall coordination, integration of vehicle interior design considerations.
(2) fine skin pattern:
Is a delicate and delicate lines, similar to the state of the gravel surface, a lot of processing technology, there are spark patterns, sandblasting and so on, fine skin pattern is generally a single layer of dermatoglyphics, texture depth between 0 ~ 80um. Derms can be individually localized and can also be used with a variety of other lines.
(3) geometric skin:
Geometry is the texture of the rules presented in the car mainly reflects the concept of science and technology, power, the trend of the general texture depth of between 80 ~ 150um. Geometrical pattern has a strong directionality and regularity, the use of large areas will greatly enhance its processing Difficulty, the price is higher.
Rough skin pattern
Fine skin pattern
Geometric dermatoglyphs
2, the realization of dermatoglyphics
Common dermatoglyphs / pear pattern bite Principle:
Three-dimensional texture of bite flower principle:
3, plastic design to avoid points
The rationality of structural design of plastic parts is closely related to the quality, clarity and difficulty of molding.Reference to the industry design experience, for two typical interior plastic injection materials PP and ABS, dermatoglyphic requirements for the plastic parts of the draft angle requirements Different:
Parts of the draft angle and the depth of striae directly affect the part of the mold release performance.
General plastic parts of the draft angle needs to be defined in more than 0.5 °, but for the dermatoglyphic ornaments, the conventional experience is 13μm depth of the dermatogic requirements draft angle of 1 °, such as the door guard plate body selection of 110μm dermal corrosion , Then you need to design the pre-draft angle of about 8 ° .But the theoretical value must be combined with the actual situation, some of the surface if you can not make a larger slope, the region of the dermatoglyphics can be used accordingly shallow processing.According to the molding The ratio of dermatoglyphic depth to draft angle will vary depending on factors such as conditions, material, wall thickness of the part and upright height of the part, etc. If the draft angle is too small and the dermatoglyphics too deep, it may cause the card to appear when the part is released Hysteresis or albinism and other undesirable phenomena.
Common lines of the depth of the range:
① fine dermatoglyphics, dermatoglyphic depth of 0 a 80μm; ② spark patterns, dermatoglyphic depth of 20 a 40μm, than the same depth of fine dermatoglyphics, more delicate and soft; ③ brushed, dermatoglyphic depth of 20-80μm; ④ Rough skin and geometric patterns, skin depth of 100 a 150μm.
In general, the relationship between draft angle and dermatoglyphic depth is shown in the table below:
Table 1 draft angle and dermatoglyphic processing depth
4 dermatoglyphs definition of the basic principles
Parts of the dermatoglyphs by the OEM design department officially announced, generally distributed in the visible area, including the high visible and low visible area, except for painting parts and chrome parts with the same kind of striae applied to different shapes of different objects, and zero Different parts of the surface and overlap part of the dermatogic requirements vary, so we look forward to the design phase of the car that is considered in different parts of the dermatogyal interior layout and definition.
The basic principles of the interior design of the dermatoglyphic area are as follows:
1) The dashboard, door guard, A pillar guard, etc. belong to the high visibility zone
Plastic parts of the larger surface area, these visual main parts need better effect dermatoglyphs. Three-dimensional dermatoglyphic level rich, soft luster, good decorative effect, therefore, this part of the region usually choose three-dimensional multi-level dermatoglyphics.
2) on the surface of some smaller plastic parts
Such as buttons, knobs, small electrical features such as the operation panel surface, because the area is small, not suitable for relatively large three-dimensional pattern and the normal skin pattern, and more suitable for smaller styles of fine skin pattern, usually using the frosted pattern, so that The whole piece and the dermatogic look refined and coordinated.
3) At some unusual meetings
Such as the inner side of the storage box, the inner side of the glasses case, the inner side of the glove box, etc. Some inner side surfaces with opening and closing functions can be used as a normal dermatoglyph to save costs.
In addition, the corrosion of a single part of the skin and corrosive parts of the interdependence of corrosion, it is necessary to pay attention to its aesthetics but also to maintain the continuity of dermatoglyphs, the main points are summarized as follows:
1) Corrosion of individual parts of the area
Generally corroded to the parts of the visual appearance of the assembly parts so far, as shown in Figure 4 door guard assembly, the corrosion of the individual pieces of the skin are in the door guard assembly of the visible surface as a benchmark.
2) R angle of a single part
That is, the two adjacent surfaces of the part transfer the transitional and arcuate area, and the dermatoglyph must be about 2 ~ 4mm in the direction of the R angle to ensure that all the places seen in human vision pass through the eclipse As shown in Fig. 5, when the access panel on the right of the instrument panel is matched with the surrounding parts, the exposed part is the surface of angle R. If the surface of the lens does not have R angle, Beautiful.
3) The same part has two kinds of dermatoglyphic transfer area:
Such as the door guard body, the same part of the different regions define two kinds of dermatoglyphs, both of the junction area dermatogic corrosion in particular to ensure a smooth transition between the two dermatoglyphics, usually the R angle to do the appropriate treatment, for example R angle slightly lighter or 2-3mm away from the joints began to light.
Automotive plastic skin pattern not only can improve comfort and aesthetics, but also the product design, structural design and quality control have a significant impact.This article summarizes the key points in this area, I hope to give my colleagues to learn from the reference .