Large truck whistling, rolled up the dust, leaving a strong smell of diesel, people nose cover frown .Due to large displacement commercial vehicles, working long hours, is an important source of air pollution. Tianjin University combustion engine After more than ten years of scientific research, the innovation team of internal combustion engine alternative fuels led by Professor Yao Chunde of State Key Laboratory has formed a set of mature key technologies and theories of substituting diesel with methanol, that is, using methanol to partially replace diesel and effectively raising diesel Combustion efficiency to reduce emissions.At present, more than 100 vehicles for testing vehicles in 12 provinces and cities in the country 2. Recently, the achievement of the Ministry of Education awarded the second prize of outstanding scientific research achievements of technological invention class.
Diesel engines are the main power plant for China's economic construction.According to the data report of the China National Internal Combustion Engine Industry Association, 75% of land transport by road is occupied by heavy commercial vehicles in 2016, which is characterized by large displacement and long working hours.In 2016, Of the 270 million tons of fuel consumed, diesel is about 160 million tons, of which about 14% of commercial vehicles consume about 50% of diesel. A diesel vehicle is an important source of air pollution. In improving the combustion efficiency of diesel vehicles , There has always been a paradox: emissions of nitrogen oxides and particulate matter have been exacerbated by the introduction of methanol instead of fuels, which can well solve this paradox.
Methanol is a clean fuel for internal combustion engines and its production of raw materials is extensive, production capacity surplus, mature production technology, combustion and cleaning, filling and transportation are very convenient. But methanol is difficult to apply directly to the diesel engine because methanol low calorific value ', Just as the heat generated by the burning of straw or leaves can not match the firewood or coal at all.Methanol has many difficulties in the application of diesel engine, such as difficult to pressure combustion, the ignition temperature is more than double the diesel; poor evaporation, below 15 ℃ Not evaporated, incompatible with diesel; In addition, there is a certain degree of corrosion.
Professor Yao Chunde's internal combustion engine alternative fuel innovation team, using pure diesel engine start, after the heat engine with dual fuel mode to solve the difficult methanol and diesel pressure start burning and methanol incompatibility, poor evaporation of methanol. Yes, methanol into the trachea injection, diesel ignition methanol mixture, diesel methanol real-time optimal ratio, and the engine structure without change.
At present, the technology has reached the maximum replacement rate of 45.6% for methanol with an average replacement rate of 32.7%, fuel efficiency increased by 8.7% and the maximum value increased from 43.4% to 47.6% Burning speed, reduce the generation of soot in the combustion, breaking the reciprocal curse of diesel nitrogen oxides and particulate emissions.
At present, the technology has been cooperated with China National Heavy Duty Truck, Hualing Automobile, Shaanxi Heavy Duty Truck, Dongfeng Motor, etc. The test car has been applied in some areas in 12 provinces and 2 cities and cities. Professor Yao Chunde paid the reporter an account: if this technology promotion To all commercial heavy-duty diesel vehicles in the country, calculated at a 30% average methanol replacement rate means that 48 million tons of diesel oil are saved each year (based on a diesel consumption of 160 million tons in 2016); the average replacement of diesel by methanol is 1.5 (That is, to replace 1 ton of diesel needs 1.5 tons of methanol) to calculate, the annual consumption of 72 million tons of methanol, which is to ease China's oil shortage, give full play to the excess capacity of methanol is of great significance.At the same time according to the average methanol 2,000 yuan / ton count, the average price of diesel 6500 yuan / ton count, can save fuel costs 172 billion yuan each year.
