In recent years, stone care industry in the field of progress can be described as no small, especially crystalline powder as the representative, are now generally mill to 1000 #, we can make an excellent gloss to let us feel that it seems like engineering It has become very simple to do beautiful, but we still have to keep awake, can not ignore this, ignoring the polishing is also important than grinding.
In fact, the grinding effect of the contribution to the quality of the project, accounting for at least 60% or more; as long as the grinding is good, what kind of agent is easy to throw off; grinding is not good, even if the use of crystalline powder may not be able to make a difference.
If neglected grinding: on the one hand, the role of chemical etching alone crystalline powder, and can not guarantee that in all the stone, in all cases can make good results, such as not suitable for the granite and some powder out of light On the other hand, making some very bright looking but 'unclear, obscure' grounds, the visuals are not good and not durable.
The ultimate quality, or to lay a solid foundation for grinding links.
So, how to grind it?
Bright, but not clear
First, the principle of grinding
In the visual macroscopic aspect, it is easy for everyone to understand by cutting the notch of the stone pavement by grinding, flattening the height of the local part and the whole body, without obvious wavy lines.
Macro flatness
However, the microscopic effect of grinding determines the light performance of the stone.
1, the reflection of light determines the visual sense of people
The judgment of the human brain on the 'glossiness' of an object is based on the amount of light entering the eyeball, and the same panel, from rough processing to bright and beautiful visual effects, is that the light reflected by the stone surface enters the human eye at the same time Quantitative changes in the introduction of diffuse and specular reflection concept.
In fact, the total amount of light sources in any environment of human life is generally constant, either based on sunlight, or based on the light, the light emitted by these objects constitutes the human visual basis, therefore, the amount of light constant Under the premise that a non-luminous object does not shine, depending on the amount of light it reflects on the surface, and this amount of reflection is directly determined by the flatness of the object's surface.
The more flat the surface, the more "neat" the light reflects. The more light the human eye receives when viewing it, the brighter it feels. Conversely, the rougher the surface, the sharper the light is. The less the amount of light, so feel dim.
Light reflection
Therefore, the stone grinding and polishing process, must make the stone surface more and more smooth process.On the contrary, if contrary to this principle, the grinding did not achieve this 'smooth' effect, grinding is equal to no grinding, Polishing also does not throw, stone is not bright.
This principle can explain all engineering quality problems. To do bad, to find the reasons for this idea; want to do a good job, but also to find ways to this idea.
2, why step by step grinding?
Grinding, is the process of leveling the surface of the stone step by step .It should be said that stone care, the most orthodox method of grinding, should be 50 #, 150 #, 300 #, 500 #, 1000 #, 2000 #, 3000 # , Followed by the seven segments of grinding finished. Now launched some of the 1 #, 2 #, 3 # three-step film, and 0 #, 1 #, 2 #, 3 #, 4 # five-step film is 'orthodox' Based on some redesign done.
Why should be divided into so many sections by level grinding it?
In fact, in theory, only the use of 3000 # grinding film, from the mouth to mill out of light, there is absolutely no problem. But this method of grinding, the cost of time and material costs may be an astronomical figure. The effect of the premise, through the calculation, test and found that 50 # 3000 # step by step number of grinding can achieve the best cost-effective balance, so to determine this method.
3, grinding is a regular 'scratch' process
Refining the number of 50 # ~ 3000 #, which represents the fineness of the abrasive particles.With reference to the fineness and size of the table can be found in 50 # grinding abrasive particle diameter is 270 microns. Grinding process is Holding 270 microns of abrasive particles, continue to 'scratch' the process of stone, but this 'scratch' is organized, regular 'scratch' in the table does not show the 3000 # fineness, In fact 3000 # abrasive particle diameter has reached 5 microns or less.
Through a level of grinding, that is, a level of a regular 'scratch' process, grinding to 3000 #, the microscopic stone will retain a width of 5 microns below the uniform 'scratches' State, has been able to make the stone surface reflection of light to maintain a certain regularity on this basis, the material can be polished to show high gloss.
Fineness and particle size table
4, irregular "scratch" what will happen?
Conversely, what happens if this 'scratched' process is not regular?
① cross-over is not enough
It can be seen that, even if the abrasive size of 50 #, the diameter scale is micron level, can be regarded as 'precision operation' so you want to achieve such a precise scale on the stone surface uniform, must be repeated grinding of.
We take two pieces of cloth to do analogy.
Multi-pass cross, uniform grinding of the surface is as shown below:
Regular
The number of crossings is not enough, the surface of the stone is as shown below:
irregular
After grinding, regular scratches, the roughness is determined by the abrasive particles, is controllable, and can be repaired by the next abrasive optimization. However, the lack of cross-over, resulting in a mess of the plan Injury is uncontrollable, is the next abrasive can not be repaired, it is very difficult to engage in. The first paragraph of the irregular signs of abrasive, leaving the next grinding, unable to deal with, there will be as shown below Show the situation:
The next number, can not repair the bulge and dent left before the last number, the next number segment abrasive thinner, more can not be repaired. Has been left to the last, the flatness of the entire board is still not enough, the final Polishing effect is not good.
② jump number problem
For comrades accustomed to hopping, we suggest that you do not jump from 50 # to 500 # then pick up 2000 #, this is boring; you are not as good as direct from the 50 # to 3000 #. Or simply 50 # do not need to directly 3000 # more happy.
In fact, the hop is only suitable for use on the marble, the powder made of some of the low standards of engineering, relying on the role of powder etching, can make up for some of the scratches in front of the results, the general can make 80 degrees Above the gloss, but hopefully it will be difficult to reach above 85 degrees.
Jump issue, you can also use the figure above to explain: residual scratches, after a number can not be completely repaired, which has a great impact on the reflection of light, so the bottom of the jump number is always diffuse, stone The background is not clear, not bright.
Here also extended to appear in the market common 1 #, 2 #, 3 # three-step and 0 #, 1 #, 2 #, 3 #, 4 # five-step piece of the problem, they are actually a special significance 'Jump number', through the abrasive and other forms of grinding, compression grinding section, to improve the efficiency of the purpose, but after all, save too much optimization aspects, it can only achieve high quality engineering level.
Want quality grade, 100 degrees above, the effect of clear and bright stone background, or to use 50 # ~ 3000 # orthodox grinding step by step grinding can be achieved.
Five-step film
③ accidental scratches
Reference to the previous principle, accidental scratches during grinding is also an important issue affecting the grinding effect.Scratch sources are generally:
* Grinding production, there are impurities.
* When grinding, the mud on the machine also contains the abrasive particles left in the previous section, after falling into the next section of the grinding, there will be a large area of scratch.
* Wind brought in, or sand into the human shoe, dirty and so on.
* Other hard particles.
These foreign objects, visible sand and other hard objects can cause very deep scratches, it is easy to find; but if the residual abrasive particles, even the 50 # are also micron-level, the visual simply can not find, so it requires We pay special attention to the cleanliness of the site.
Scratch caused by sand
Scratches of grinding debris
Second, the principle of polishing
After grinding, the material is polished. There are two cases:
1, mill to 1000 # powder made
In contrast to the abrasive particle size chart, the diameter of the 1000 # abrasive is 13 microns, which is a very rough world on the scale of light, so that when 1000 # finish, the gloss of the stone is only about 15 degrees.
However, the crystalline powder can be ground on a 13 micron abrasive, regular 'scratch' out, etched by acidic materials, resin filled, and 'microfluidized' grinding of abrasive particles, Complement each other, the final stone surface to achieve nano-level formation effect.
Yes, the reason why the powder can make the effect on the basis of 1000 #, because it is also added abrasive particles, without grinding particles still can not make good results.
But whether it is etching, filling, or grinding optimization, or to achieve the basis of flatness on the surface to do the effect.
In other words, do not look at the high efficiency of the powder, but the marble powder or to 50 # ~ 1000 # do not jump step by step grinding optimization is in place, jumping the ground, the powder can not do good results .
2, grinding to 3000 # agent, so seal enamel
Compared with the powder agent, the etching effect is substantially weakened to fill the role of strengthening, sealing glaze is purely a fill effect.
Therefore, the agent and sealing glaze on the grinding out of the flatness has not much to make up, what kind of foundation, to fill out what kind of above .Thus, grinding to 3000 # agent and sealing glaze, is the most able to test grinding method, Also can reflect the difference most.
Grind well, the stone itself, the color is clear, brilliant, beautiful and durable, better than 1000 # to do the powder.
Bad grinding, all defects such as lack of optimization, scratches, whitish, etc., will be enlarged after the cast of light, visually unbearable.
Ground well
Poorly ground ground
Third, grinding to develop good habits
Some people do stone, never say do not light, then he is 100% probability of grinding to master.
Some people do stone, and sometimes do very bright, sometimes how to do are not bright, then he 80% probability is not properly processed in the grinding.
In fact, there is no mystery about the differences among them. Grinding is a delicate work and a work that requires patience and carefulness. Correctly understanding the principle of grinding and polishing explained above, combining theory with practice in practice, Will be able to grind well. Specifically, there are some experiences for your reference:
① the lowest standard of qualified projects, but also requires horizontal brush cross at least three times grinding; fine-grade project, each number of not less than 5 times the cross-grinding. Each grinding, we must suppress a 5 to 10 cm width.
② You can use three-step film, five-step film, but do not jump.
③ grinding must be promptly cleaned clean water slurry. Pumping, we must first pumping the ground under the feet clean. Each number of paragraphs mill, grinding machine around the disc, and the grinding head must also be cleaned with an extra.
④ pay attention to prevent sand, other foreign objects, etc. Ground ground, to be protected do not walk around.
Abrasive ground masters, are so out of practice.Patience + good habits, there is no bad ground, did not do bad engineering.