1, the general first cut edge, red lead is positive, hit the pre-press, pressure line, bump, tear, punching, blanking blanking, pressure edge, forming, bending in two steps, the first half, half.
2, blanking blanking, the general first red hole, after the red hole; first forming the surrounding waste, and then drop the rest of the rest of the material: because the red hole if placed in the back, then it is blanking , The punch around the corresponding material on the site may have gaps (holes have been crossed in front of), so that punch in the stamping process, will cause uneven force (will have a lateral force), the original hole Punch strength is very weak, combined with uneven force, very easy to break, of course, this is only the case in most cases, sometimes based on the actual situation, the hole punch can only be ranked behind, but the solution is still there, if the punch thickness is real Too small, can be added to strengthen: A: using off-board precision-oriented; B: Punch using PG (optical grinding) processing.
3, to determine whether to adopt cutting edge:
Trimming is generally used in continuous mode and blanking die, its role from coarse positioning, easy to feed in the test mode; some trimming and also have the role of red shape, if the mold first punch pinhole positioning, and then immediately use Guide needle guide, the general do not cut the edge; no guide pin, the first trimming, used to distance, generally used in blanking blanking blanking die.
Trimming punch shape the following:
a: This punch is often used in blanking die and thick material cutting edge, low positioning accuracy, its length = step, width as long as the punch strength can be guaranteed, often take 3.0 to 6.0
b: This punch head has a 3/4 arc (R often 0.3 to 0.6), its length<=步距,目的裁边废料卡在裡面,防止跳屑,常用於冲薄材高速模具
c; This punch with B, is its Yi Yi, V-shaped role which is used to 隹 cut edge scraps to prevent flip flip, it is the angle of 50 ° ~ 70 °
d: This punching both cutting edges and contours.
The purpose of this step head plays a guiding role to reduce the lateral force.
4, pre-cut, will be broken, but the meaning of the break (usually in front of the station)
As hardware electronic products tend to have plating requirements, for the convenience of plating, washed out of small products do not directly blanking, but to make a pre-stay in the material belt, after plating, and then hand or mechanical fold down to remove. Pre-cut: cut on both sides, deep cut on each side of the general thickness of the material 4/1, so that only two fold (up - down) can pick off the product; pre-cut punch and into the child's head Width of 0.02 ~ 0.05, the angle of 50 ° ~ 70 °, the length of the length of each line than the pre-off 0.2 to 0.5 large.
Description: In order to facilitate the processing and preparation and calibration, the thickness of each block is generally standardized for each plant, the thickness of the provisions are provided (except in special circumstances), in the continuous mode due to the tape form, in order to facilitate control The preload of the material belt and the balance of the template often make a material groove in the middle of the stripper: the depth of the groove = material thickness -0.03 ~ 0.05 (that is to say, pre-pressure is 3 ~ 5) The width of the groove is 2 ~ 4mm larger than the width of the material belt, so the thickness of the stripper often varies with the thickness of the material. The size of the stripper is defined by the thickness of the stripper + the thickness of the material is -0.03 ~ 0.05 However, Generally do not need to grind the product tank: Because engineering products are generally larger and not as continuous and narrow with the mold strip slender, that is to say, engineering mold strip thickness generally unchanged.
5, really guide the size and location of the hole
General continuous mode should be red guide, so that after the precise positioning process, the common parts of the product model in the hole or shape to achieve the next positioning process, if neither the hole, the shape can not be used to locate, Then had to use the hole technology: If the first project hit bulbs, the second project off the shape of this situation, then had the first project diagonally in the shape of two holes at the same time punch (hole size and thickness of the material: Common? 3.0 ~ 6.0) in order to locate the next process high-speed stamping die design knowledge
The first step: the tolerance of the product map Zoom zoom principle:
As the product rushed out, always save the tiny flash: the hole is generally small, the shape is generally large, as the size of the flash, and blanking the gap and the punch, the sharp edge of the blade: the larger the blanking gap, Burr Yu large, punch, blade passivation, the burr will increase, so punch, knife edge rushed for a certain period of time, often need to edge grinding to 0.3 ~ 1.0, the flash in the end mostly with the thickness of the material Related: General Sheet (T <=0.5)双边大0.01~0.02,厚材(T>0.5) 0.01-0.05
The second step: the size of the product map expansion
Unfolding the principle: the use of the same volume principle: with a total cross-sectional area to remove the thickness of the material available to expand the length of the direction, in fact, the same size is also developed due to experience and Yi Yi, there is no absolute value, as long as Tolerance range can be.
Expand the main points: The steps are as follows
1: Understand the product map, imagine its three-dimensional shape and the shape of the details (before the start of the basic requirements)
2: Find out the product thickness and material
3: specific calculation
① volume method (generally suitable for thinning of the bend)
② open the formula as the product bending process in some places are stretched or compressed but always find a layer of bending line length is constant, the invariant layer called the central layer (not the middle layer), we Is to use the center layer to carry out; Therefore, we want to start to enter, we must find the center layer, as shown in Figure 2 set the center layer coefficient K, radius of curvature of the r, the material thickness t, bending angle a, L1, L2 for the linear part of the length of the expansion of the length value of L, then there is L = L1 + L2 + 2π (r + kt) a / 360 The size of the center layer coefficient K according to the practical experience can be selected according to the following formula
① when r / t<=0.50时 k=0.25
② when 0.5 ③.0 ④.0 ⑤ k = 0.40 ~ 0.50 when r / t> 4.0 This formula is suitable for bending calculation of all material thicknesses. Specifically, in practical applications, K should take an upper limit when R / t is the upper limit, for example, when R / t = 1.0, K = 0.30 4: When the circle, when the expansion formula is different from the above, because the round circle, the inner circle is squeezed, the outer circle is stretched, but the extrusion is greater than the stretch, so the material thinning is very small, or almost no Change, the neutral layer close to the middle layer its expansion length of the center layer K coefficient and material thickness and r within the circle ① when r / t<=3.0时,中心层系数K=0.45~0.55 ②.0 ③.0 ④ when 15.0 ⑤ / t> 30.0, the center floor coefficient K = 0.50. 5: By looking up the table, find out the size of the center floor coefficient, and then expand the calculation is also OK, not described in detail here 6: rounded corners of the product: the rounded corners of the product generally remain unchanged, but if the sharp corners, when t <=0.5时,一般用最小圆角R0.15去拟化它;当t>0.5, with the smallest rounded R0.2 ~ 0.3 to be it, for the product on the R0.1 fillet, try to replace R0.15; for the R<0.1的圆角或清角,如果是重要尺寸(改变会影响功能)则不变它,採用过切来达到要求. The third step: material strip design Layout principle: a material with blanking blanking the edge of the pressure stretch drawing core bending forming the various processes, and finally the formation of the product process, and now how do you organize these steps: which in front of which after the total How many steps, mutual coordination between the various processes, so that after its successor, in line with reasonable layout design: the following steps 1: Determine the size of the product, according to the burr direction of the product, determine the punching and forming direction, no general requirements when there is no flash; if the product has the requirements of the burr, then we must pay attention to its punching and forming Direction: down or down forming) Punching burrs remain on the knife edge, blanking burrs stay on the punch surface: General chassis shell parts for the use of beauty and safety performance requirements, the flash to stay inside the product ( Formed inside) If there are burrs on the drawing requirements, then according to the requirements to do, did not write the flash request should be left as far as possible inside the flash, if the forming more convenient, you can stay outside. 2: According to the product size, rough estimate step (PITCH = maximum length of the product of the direction + 1.0 ~ 2.0 - with the middle of the band) with ARRAY order to make horizontal, vertical row, symmetrical row, staggered row, oblique row Rarely used) several programs, analysis, comparison, synthesis, to ensure the smooth production of products under the premise, choose the best solution. Specific note the following: ① First, we should consider whether such row forming is easy and stable. Whether the latter step destroys the already formed step of the previous step, or whether the latter step can not be formed, and whether the strength of the punch and permeator is sufficient ② to consider whether the material in the mold can feed smoothly, the formation of the previous step after the smooth progress to the next step can be considered, including the height of the lift and the location and strength of the link height as low as possible, Generally can not afford the thickness of the template 1/2: Because too easy to cause swing, the tape positioning Huaihuai and deformation; connection with (also known as vector CARRY) in the following forms: 1>: No connection belt, belonging to no waste arrangement, the shape of the parts often have symmetry and complementarity, usually single PIN cut blanking or double PIN blanking a cut, 2>: edge material with the strip, is the use of strip edge scraps as a form of carrier, the carrier strip delivery strength is better, simple, mainly for blanking type nesting, 3>: single connection with the product side of the material to set aside a certain width of the material, and connected with the product in place to achieve the delivery of the product strip, generally suitable for trimming-type nesting, 4>: Double connection tape, is to leave a certain width of the material on both sides of the material of the material, and in the appropriate location and the two sides of the product connected to achieve the delivery of the product strip, it is more successful than the single conveyor belt, the material With higher positioning accuracy, it is suitable for both ends of the product can be connected, especially for materials (t<=0.4)较薄时,料带运送强度较弱的情况 5>: The center connecting belt, similar to the single carrier, is a material with a certain width left in the middle of the product strip and is connected with the front and back sides of the strip to save material and apply more in the curved part layout. Positive shoot hole in the middle often lead to pull material, it is often required in the middle of the guide needle staggered plus some elastic top positioning needle, the connection tape selection is summarized as follows: After the product is launched, careful analysis of the various parts of the product, which parts need to be formed, where only the blanking, and then blanking the place to choose the right place leads to the connecting belt, both to ensure the smooth delivery of the material, and not Affect the product forming; As for the choice of what type of connection, according to the characteristics of the product. Determine the product size, according to the product burr direction, to determine the blanking and forming direction, no flash requirements Third, when encountering L-shaped bending or single product row when the material utilization is too low, you can consider the symmetrical rows of staggered row, symmetrical forming uniform force, forming stability; or material utilization can be greatly enhanced Fourth, consider the number of blanking PIN and step (mainly for the connector type small terminal products, general metal shell or larger workpiece as a single PIN). The fifth to consider the material utilization, as much as possible to improve material utilization, reduce production costs. 3: After determining the layout program, then the entire product stamping and forming process should have a basic understanding of how to arrange the sequence of these processes should be aware of: that where the first punch, where red after the first shape Which step, which step after the formation, and whether a forming process can be formed once or in two steps guide the size of the hole is selected in front of the table has been described, the location generally on a continuous belt, and sometimes on the waste In the end with the waste washed together; generally a step from a guide hole or a few PIN guide holes. 6, punch cutter design Punch knife edge: For the continuous mode, that is, the material part of the waste washed away, leaving the product shape and the expansion of the connection; for the engineering model, in general, is punching blanking the following mainly for continuous mode . With the product development plans to discharge the tape forming program, the next step is how to arrange these steps, the general first bump, hit the pre-cut, Chong is, tear, blanking, and then burr edge, forming. Often bizarre, its unfolded figure is also inevitable irregularities: There may be some deep concave slot, if the whole shape blanking punch as a whole, then the punch may often occur collapse; may In some places there is a long cantilevered wall protruding, then the part of the knife edge strength is not enough; some places require sharp corners, in fact knife edge punch can not be cut out of sharp corners, there is always a minimum R Value (usually R0.15); also in order to maintain the stability of the formation of the latter step (increase binder area), and then cut a part of the first, after shaping and then cut another part Therefore, in order to solve the above problem Must be knife edge decomposition, those are weak Separate from the place made of different knife-edge, with 2 or more than 2 step-by-step to complete the overall shape Blanking, decomposition, pay attention to the following points: ① For the product requirements must be sharp corner of the part, at this time must be cutting edge cross-cutting ② For a product outline of a straight line has more stringent tolerance requirements (<=%%P0.05)时,一般不得在该直线上有刀口接头 ③ broken out of the punch shape is simple, try to use ordinary grinding or wire cutting ④ decomposition of the punch must have a certain intensity, minimize PG processing, if available, try to make bigger ⑤ For the cross-cutting edge with the intersection (usually a straight line with a straight line or a straight line and the arc) or 60 ~ 75 %% arc tangent intersect at the cut-line (straight line and arc), and sometimes arc tangent (Arc and arc) or coincidence tangent, the reciprocal of the linear length (usually 0.3 to 0.5 does not include the two arcs) should not be too long, too long will produce dust: its purpose is not to produce excessive hair , Affecting product size and beauty ⑥ pay attention to the edge of the punch on the handle: Usually cut the min fillet R0.15, you can also cut R0.1 fillet but need to change the copper wire (cost increase), so not important fillet try to put it To R0.15, or greater R0.2 ~ 0.3, but can not change its functional size: the fillet on the knife-edge punch must be expressed or added to note the number of not filleted R, as for the plate off angle The fillet can be either clear-cut or knife-edge-like, it only serves as a positioning function, and it clears automatically when cut, with a PG for the fillet of small R0.1. 7, knife-edge insert (usually sonic) size design and production: ① the purpose of doing things into the child: its main purpose is to facilitate maintenance: Most of the hardware requirements for rough edges, may not exceed the specified value, and the mold in the stamping period of time, the punch and the knife edge often rub each other blunt If you do into the child and found where the burr is too large, you only need to cut off the edge of the knife at the edge grinding 0.2 ~ 0.5, and then pad the corresponding thickness of the gasket on the back You can, if you do not get into the child, then the entire template to be folded down, and then in the knife face grinding a certain height, so that maintenance is more troublesome and reduce the life of the mold; the other in the continuous mode and engineering mode, those easy to crack knife And the size of the product somewhere very strict requirements, where the son can be done, so easy to repair. However, not all of the mold infiltration son, as a son, the cost of the mold, will increase 1.5 to 3 Times, so the specific situation depends on the accuracy of the product requirements and the production batch and mold types. The following brief description of whether or not to do into the child's situation: 1> high-speed precision punching die (Chong speed> 150 times / min, such as the terminal mold) off the mold to do infiltration exudate generally, the splint can be done without hair, built on (from cost savings): do not 2) Ordinary continuous mold: If the production of large quantities, the next mold generally into the child, the other two boards do not enter the child; production volume is small, the mold can not be done; if the size of the product often changes somewhere Or special or difficult to grasp and easy to crack section of the knife, where the design into the child 3> engineering model: generally do not get into the child, only in those parts of the blade is easy to crack into the child (2) the size of the insert (block) is mainly determined by the thickness and hardness of the stamping material and the strength of the material of the knives. If the size of the knives is too large and the stepping rows are loose, the template will be lengthened and the strength of the template will be affected , Too small, knife edge strength is not enough, so to the appropriate value, neither waste template but also to ensure the strength of infiltrated: Practice has proved that the general child into the production, the maximum size of the knife and then to the external side of 3 ~ 6mm, appropriate to take Integer to get the size of the oozing into the knife edge: For the thin material (T <=0.5),刀口常偏3~4mm;建义:取4mm為佳;厚材(T>0.5), Knife often partial 4 ~ 6mm, built meaning: take 5.0 1> template into the child Commonly used materials: splint infiltrating commonly used SKD11, off the board into the commonly used SKD11 or SKH9 (SKH9 better than SKD11), the mold into the sub-commonly used SKD11 or SKH9, when high-volume punching precision small parts Such as the terminal) can also be considered with double-layer structure of tungsten steel WC form (WC is usually taken 4 ~ 8mm knife, the pad is SKD11, the thickness of the lower die thickness - upper blade thickness) Note: punch material commonly used: SKD11, SKH9, when the punch is too small (such as PG) can also be used WC. 2> under the mold into the splint and splint infiltration in order to prevent the installation of anti-often inverted C angle treatment: C angle size often take C1.0 ~ 3.0, off the board into the child as a lingering presence, to prevent the installation of anti, generally not Inverted C angle; forming punch lugs or platen slot exists, but also prevent the installation of anti, so often do not fall C angle, into the child can be inverted C angle Note: do not fall down C angle, not strictly required by the designer to decide, but for those very easily mistaken for symmetry and the actual asymmetry of the parts must be inverted C angle 3> template into the sub-line cutting, the general first hit a line hole to cut, so in the painting template box into the mouth and into the hole in the punch to draw a? 0.6 ~ 1.5 threading hole identifier, the function of two A: A>: The location of the threading hole for wire cutting reference: If reasonable, the processing staff in this position punched hole, unreasonable, the processing staff do not have to wear thread hole B>: another role to facilitate the design and modeling staff to check and query the relative position between the hole and the shape of the relationship in order to find errors, as the hole in that position, depending on the size of the knife: If the punch knife minimum Width size> 10mm, then in the hole from the edge of the line 5mm any one hit a hole identifier to reduce the line cut area, cost savings; if<10mm就在内孔长宽最大处打一穿线孔标识符,尽量用钻床钻出穿线孔常為%%C3,如果最小宽度尺寸均<4mm,常用打孔机(同放电原理相同)打出穿线孔;如果<0.3,其刀口常採用镶拼式组合而成 4> template into the distance between the settings: the distance between the two into the child can neither too much nor too small, too large station rows loosely extended the template size, an increase of material costs; too small template strength weakened and reduced Die life, usually two into the child (including the forming into the child) at least 1.5 times the distance between, such as less than 1.5: or cut through the two sub-connected together, or to the station to the next station ; Sometimes consider the stability of the material is lifted in the position of the need to install the guide is uplift tip or tip or buoy sometimes when there is no location: If no position, the station also to be routed The next station to go 5> template punch punch into the child processing gap to determine: a: Hard and broken material: The unilateral gap between punch and knife edge generally takes 5% to 7% of the thickness of the material, often 5%, such as stainless steel SUS304-1 / 2H, 3 / 4H b: Soft material: Unilateral gap between punch and knife edge generally take the material thickness of 3 to 5%, often 4% such as brass, phosphor bronze, aluminum, stainless steel 301 c: For stamping material thickness<=0.2时,其冲子刀口单边间隙常取0.01,因為再小时受到模具精度的限制 d: the gap on the punch or knife on it ?: For punching, the punch is generally based on the gap on the knife edge, for blanking, the general reference to the die, the gap on the punch; In continuous mode is generally red Waste products outside the part, quite punching, so the gap on the blade, cut for the unilateral, rather blanking, the gap on the blade, but this form, you can not put the gap; blanking blanking Composite die, the general punch and die, inside and outside the off-sharing, so there is gap back to the problem, the general die (also known as the mother model) as a benchmark, the punch (also known as male mold) unilateral negative much. The gap is generally to match the male and female mold As for this gap should not be drawn because the factory habits and Yi: Some plants do not draw, punch and knife-edge as large, but added in the edge of the knife explained as follows: Sub: single +0.01 T = 25.0 SKD11 knife edge 2.0 below the slope of 1.0 %% d falling debris; and some plants require direct draw, just write the knife straight edge bit chip slope Punch: single +0.0 L = 50.5 SKD11 die Into the child: single +0.01 T = 25.0SKD11 blade depth of 2.0 below the slope of 1.0 %% d chip sharing within the outer mold: the outer model as a reference single-sided -0.01 male and female mold straight line 3.0 B>: Blade edge straight line and chip slope: the straight line is too long and the chip is too small slope, prone to blocking material, the linear position is too short and the chip falling slope is too large, double weakened on the blade strength, so there must be an appropriate value Practice shows that for t <0.8的材料,刀口直线位取2.0,落屑斜度取1°较佳;t>0.8, the knife bit straight line to take 3.0, chip removal slope to take 1 °; for those weak punches, in order to prevent the normally off, the blade often take a direct cutting slope of 0.2 ° without leaving a straight line and the blade often do double-layer structure, This reduces the blanking force C>: Into the child (including knife into the child, into the son and punch) within the shape of the gap to determine Because these into the child or punch into the template directly or into the child, so there is no gap problem, and the gap on the template or infiltration sub-shape: In order to facilitate the drawing, are generally accustomed to the gap on the template , And the gap is not drawn, but in the processing note that: such as Yi-shaped hole, the number of unilateral, punching the hole to be next to add a code, and then note the column: such as F: 3-? 4.00 (punch hole, cut a single +0.007), the following splint off under the mold seepage into the interstitial space for instructions: a: The splint only plays the role of fixing the punch or infiltrating the exudate. Therefore, the clearance of the splint is larger, which is convenient for assembly. If the splint is used as a submodule, the unilateral clearance between the sub-shape and the splint is usually + 0.005 to 0.01 Do into the child, knife punch and forming punch and plywood unilateral clearance + 0.005 ~ 0.01. b: off the plate from the role of guide punch and stripper, so it made a smaller gap, if the plate off to do infiltration of exudate, seepage profile and unilateral plate clearance usually take +0.003 to 0.005, do not do Knife punch and punch forming and unilateral unilateral clearance +0.003 to 0.005. If the punch and the knife between the unilateral clearance> = 0.02, the knife punch and forming punch and the single plate Side clearance can also take + 0.005 ~ 0.01 However, it must ensure that the gap<冲子与刀口的间隙. c: Under the template for the blade plate, in the stamping process, the punch and into the child there is friction in the parting punch up, the child by a kind of upward friction, there is an upward trend in the operation, In order to prevent into the child out of the die, the unilateral clearance of the template into the child and usually take the tight fit of 0.0, in order to be safe, the next mold often sub-sub-press: whether or not to pressure and speed and blanking material Thick, depending on the situation may be. D>: Under the infiltration of infiltration of the mold or not to pressure 隹: In several cases: a: For high-speed punching die (such as terminal mold), when the punching speed is> 150 times per minute, the lower die inserts easily out of the die surface under the effect of frictional inertial force, so the terminal die is often guided by the guide plate, From the pressure into the sub-role, if the child is not long enough, to extend a certain direction more than 0.5 ~ 1.0 at the bottom of the guide plate can be, especially for those mosaic or double-layer knife edge, it must be pressed, In case the pressure plate is not pressed, it can adopt the following forms: The pressure plate are pressed 0.5 to 1.0, forming into the child generally do not have pressure; pay attention to the pressure plate into the child into the position: the purpose of cutting edge is used for coarse positioning, the guide plate to be pressed to the knife The gap between the end of the line to stay 0.02 to 0.04 can be