In 2017, there were two changes in the market structure of China's lithium battery industry: firstly, the competition among leading enterprises intensified in the process of investment expansion, mergers and acquisitions and reorganization upsurge; secondly, the application of ternary lithium battery increased greatly in the field of power batteries.
As for the new energy automotive industry chain, power battery recycling is an indispensable last step.In the current battery recovery model is not yet clear, the establishment of a complete battery recycling industry chain requires technology, markets and policies together To promote.
Think back-end recovery from the battery front end design
Wang Zidong, director of Power Battery Laboratory of North China Vehicle Research Institute, said that the power battery needs to be integrated to meet the requirements of the electric vehicle in large quantities, low cost and easy to realize automatic production. In the design of the power battery, Consider the issue of recycling.
Chief Engineer of Shenzhen Xiong Tao Power Technology Co., Ltd. Shouzhong Zhong expressed his approval.He analyzed that the battery production process to consider recycling purposes, if a piece of adhesive to be water-soluble, in the future after the very power out, This can be helpful for recycling if the lithium battery material is in aqueous solution and there is a good way to recover these metals.Therefore, research on recycling technology, battery design, material selection, Should be considered in advance good recycling.
In addition, Yi Shou loyalty, lead carbon battery recycling efficiency is higher than the lithium battery, but difficult to get qualified, and lithium battery materials, lead-carbon batteries more expensive, and have not found the right technology, the battery recycling industry chain Should rely on manufacturing enterprises, in the recovery of technology, will look far and wide, even if the future may not be able to achieve good recovery effect, but the new technology can be applied to recovery.
Battery is the focus of recycling
'By 2020, lithium iron phosphate may be 5GWh market capacity, and may be 18GWh in 2017, so the scale of lithium iron phosphate recycling is not meaningful because it is on the decline, so I think the focus of the future development of recycling Should be placed on the ternary battery, because nickel, cobalt, manganese are precious metals, their maximum recovery value. "Huizhou billion latitude Li Power Co., Ltd. Power Systems Division, said Huang Hongliang, vice president of marketing.
In the recovery mode, he believes that the ternary battery recycling, extraction of nickel, cobalt, manganese, and even copper and aluminum raw materials. 2015 is the first year of power batteries, but it is possible to withdraw from 2020, so When it comes to recovery at the depot, we can only say that it is safeguarded.
Huang Hongliang predicts that by 2020, recycling will form two major modes, one batch of battery manufacturers recycling model, if the battery market share of more than 30% to 40%, occupy the domestic first or second, batch recycling There is value, but if you create their own recovery mechanism, the cost is greater; Second, the volume of third-party recycling model, for example, Gree and Midea are now in this area layout.
To realize the value of echelon use
In the view of Cai Qiang, general manager of Fosun New Energy Co., Ltd. Far East, recycling has a value of importance. The most important value of car battery screening is the utilization of echelon.
'Echelon use of higher product recovery unit prices, the corresponding market is also up in recent years, the energy storage of small means of transport growth in the market faster, this is a very large demand for the power of the screen down in the Recycling output, there may be billions, there will be a large number of car batteries after the recovery, the recovery may reach tens of billions. By 2025, with the quality improvement, although the overall demand for automotive batteries is increasing, but the recovery Not necessarily a substantial increase. "Cai Qiang analysis, 'So, the future should not be sustained explosive growth, but the phased growth, which is not consistent with the growth of the total car battery.'
So, how to use the ladder?
Niu Wentao, deputy general manager of Tianchen New Energy Co., Ltd., said: 'First, we can make use of the number of echelon to maximize the value. Second, if there are problems with echelon utilization, we can make the corresponding decomposition. On the one hand, Starting from the scene design side, China will be released in February next year, coding, size and other corresponding national standard, which eclipses the use of the battery paving the way for the other in the system design, to consider the entire modular standardization, modularity is conducive to the use of the ladder On the other hand, the battery company should study the whole life cycle of batteries and battery packs, master the performance of battery packs and accurately judge the value of remaining battery usage.
He said that 75% of the batteries will face recycling problems in the future, the direct use of ladders may be only 15%, and the use of the ladder in the cost of using only 50% to 60% of the cost of batteries, of which 40% to 50% more used in transportation, labor, how to balance these, but also the battery companies to consider.
According to Tang Yougen, a professor at Central South University, the use of erections is only a part of recycle, and can not be said to have been thrown away after the erection has been utilized. Eventually, the application of teardown will be carried out, and the disassembling and application will return to harmlessness. Recycling, so there is still a breakthrough in recycling technology, the waste batteries into valuable things.
Need policy escort
Fluoride New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. Li Yunfeng, chairman believes that the guidance and policy support at the national level for the improvement of the battery recycling industry chain is very important.
He analyzed that battery recycling is divided into two points, namely, battery disassembly and battery recycling.Because the battery model, how to disassemble, you need policy support, hoping to unify the battery model, and finally through mechanized disassembly.
In the case of Yu Haijun, vice president of Guangdong Bangpu Recycling Technology Co., Ltd., it seems that the recovery of power battery should ensure orderly and sustainable development, but the prerequisite is that the three codes are one, that is, the battery code, the car VI code and the recovery code, When we import these into the national platform, we can guarantee the controllable flow of the battery after it has been scrapped. Taking the echelon utilization as an example, the structural shape and physical model may be changed during the reorganization or single use, The relationship between coding and original coding, these needs can be traced back, so should be three yards.
At present, China has adopted an extension of producer responsibility system, and most of the waste and scrap materials produced by battery producers are processed internally without the need to disclose information to the outside The degree restricts the sustainable development of the industrial chain.Likewise, the power battery recycling has also been the same.Yu Haijun suggested that, in this regard, whether our country can learn from foreign information disclosure mode, all links in the industry chain involves the information to Social openness, thereby promoting industrial development.
Yi Shouzhong added that most of the lithium batteries to be recycled at the current stage have no economic value and the enthusiasm of enterprises for recycling is not high. The government can provide some supportive policies at this stage, such as tax incentives, financial subsidies, etc. However, in the long run Development, or through technological progress to solve the future countries should also introduce the appropriate standards, there is no recovery of the value of the battery system, it is not allowed to produce.
